WILD LIFE (PROTECTION) ACT, 1972 (AMENDED UPTO 2022)

Section 1 - Short title extent and commencement

1. This Act may be called the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972.

2. ³[It extends to the whole of India ⁴[***].

3. It shall come into force in a State or Union Territory to which it extends, ⁵[***] on such date as the Central Government may, by notification, appoint, and different dates may be appointed for different provisions of this Act or for different States or Union territories.

Section 2 - Definitions

In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,-

1. ⁶["animal" includes mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, other chordates and invertebrates and also includes their young and eggs;]

2. "animal article" means an article made from any captive animal or wild animal, other than vermin, and includes an article or object in which the whole or any part of such animal ⁷[has been used, and ivory imported into India and an article made therefrom];

3. ⁸[***]

4. ⁹["Board" means a State Board for Wild Life constituted under sub­section (1) of section 6;]

5. "captive animal" means any animal, specified in ¹⁰[Schedule I or Schedule II], which is captured or kept or bred in captivity;

6. ¹¹[***]

7. "Chief Wild Life Warden" means the person appointed as such under clause (a) of sub-section (1) of section 4;

¹²[(7A) "circus" means an establishment, whether stationary or mobile, where animals are kept or used wholly or mainly for the purpose of performing tricks or manoeuvres;]

8. ¹³[***]

9. ¹⁴["Collector" means the chief officer-in-charge of the revenue administration of a district or any other officer not below the rank of a Deputy Collector as may be appointed by the State Government under section 18B in this behalf;]

10. "commencement of this Act", in relation to-

    1. a State, means commencement of this Act in that State,

    2. any provision of this Act, means the commencement of that provision in the concerned State;

11. ¹⁵["dealer" in relation to any captive animal, animal article, trophy, uncured trophy, meat or specified plant, means a person, who carries on the business of buying or selling any such animal or article, and includes a person who undertakes business in any single transaction;]

12. "Director" means the person appointed as Director of Wild Life Preservation under clause (a) of sub-section (1) of section 3;

¹⁶[(12A) "Forest officer" means the Forest officer appointed under clause (2) of section 2 of the Indian Forest Act, 1927 (16 of 1927) or under any other Act for the time being in force in a State;]

¹⁷(12B) "forest produce" shall have the same meaning as in sub-clause (b) of clause (4) of section 2 of the Indian Forest Act, 1927 (16 of 1927);]

13. ¹⁸[***]

14. "Government property" means any property referred to in section 39;6[or section 17H;]

15. "habitat" includes land, water or vegetation which is the natural home of any wild animal ¹⁹[or specified plant];

16. "hunting", with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions, includes,-

    3. ²⁰[killing or poisoning of any wild animal or captive animal and every attempt to do so;

    4. capturing, coursing, snaring, trapping, driving or baiting any wild or captive animal and every attempt to do so;]

    5. injuring or destroying or taking any part of the body of any such animal or, in the case of wild birds or reptiles, damaging the eggs of such birds or reptiles or disturbing the eggs or nests of such birds or reptiles;

['(16A) "invasive alien species" means a species of animal or plant which is not native to India and whose introduction or spread may threaten or adversely impact wild life or its habitat;';]²¹

17. "land" includes canals, creeks and other water channels, reservoirs, rivers, streams and lakes, whether artificial or natural, ²²[marshes and wetlands and also includes boulders and rocks];

18. "licence" means a licence granted under this Act;

²³[(18A) "livestock" means farm animals and includes buffaloes, bulls, bullocks, camels, cows, donkeys, goats, sheep, horses, mules, yaks, pigs, ducks, geese, poultry and their young but does not include any animal specified in [Schedules I, II and IV] ²⁴;]

19. ²⁵["manufacturer" means a person who manufactures articles from any animal or plant specified in [Schedules I, II and III]²⁶, as the case may be;

20. "meat" includes blood, bones, sinew, eggs, shell or carapace, fat and flesh with or without skin, whether raw or cooked, of any wild animal or captive animal, other than a vermin;

(20A) "National Board" means the National Board for Wild Life constituted under section 5A;]

21. "National Park" means an area declared, whether under section 35 or section 38, or deemed, under sub-section (3) of section 66, to be declared, as a National Park;

22. "notification" means a notification published in the Official Gazette;

23. "permit" means a permit granted under this Act or any rule made thereunder;

24. ["person" shall include any firm or company or any authority or association or body of individuals whether incorporated or not;';]²⁷

²⁸[(24A) "protected area means a National Park, a sanctuary, a conservation reserve or a community reserve notified under sections 18, 35, 36A and 36C of the Act;]

25. "prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under this Act;

²⁹[(25A) "recognised zoo" means a zoo recognised under section 38H;]

³⁰[(25B) "reserve forest" means the forest declared to be reserved by the State Government under section 20 of the Indian Forest Act, 1927 (16 of 1927), or declared as such under any other State Act;

26. ³¹["sanctuary" means an area declared as a sanctuary by notification under the provisions of Chapter IV of this Act and shall also include a deemed sanctuary under sub-section (4) of section 66;]

['(26A) "Schedule" means a Schedule appended to this Act;';]³²

27. ³³["specified plant" means any plant specified in [Schedule III]³⁴;]

28. ³⁵[***]

29. "State Government", in relation to a Union territory, means the Administrator of that Union territory appointed by the President under article 239 of the Constitution;

30. ³⁶["taxidermy", with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions, means the curing, preparation or preservation or mounting of trophies;]

³⁷[(30A) "territorial waters" shall have the same meaning as in section 3 of the Territorial Waters, Continental Shelf, Exclusive Economic Zone and other Maritime Zones Act, 1976 (80 of 1976);]

31. "trophy" means the whole or any part of any captive animal or wild animal, other than vermin, which has been kept or preserved by any means, whether artificial or natural, and includes-

    6. rugs, skins and specimens of such animal mounted in whole or in part through a process of taxidermy, and

    7. ³⁸[antler, bone, carapace, shell, horn, rhinoceros horn, hair, feather, nail, tooth, tusk, musk, eggs, nests and honeycomb;]

32. "uncured trophy" means the whole or any part of any captive animal or wild animal, other than vermin, which has not undergone a process of taxidermy, and includes a ³⁹[freshly killed wild animal, ambergris, musk and other animal products];

33. "vehicle" means any conveyance used for movement on land, water or air and includes buffalo, bull, bullock, camel, donkey, elephant, horse and mule;

34. "vermin" means any wild animal specified in Schedule V;

['(34) "vermin" means any wild animal notified under section 62;';]⁴⁰

35. "weapon" includes ammunition, bows and arrows, explosives, firearms, hooks, knives, nets, poison, snares and traps and any instrument or apparatus capable of anaesthetizing, decoying, destroying, injuring or killing an animal;

36. ⁴¹["wild animal" means any animal specified in [Schedule I or Schedule II]⁴² and found wild in nature;]

37. ⁴³["wild life" includes any animal, aquatic or land vegetation which forms part of any habitat;]

38. "Wild Life Warden" means the person appointed as such under clause (b) of sub­section (1) of section 4;

⁴⁴[(39) "zoo" means an establishment, whether stationary or mobile, where captive animals are kept for exhibiting to the public or ex-situ conservation and includes a circus and off-exhibit facilities such as rescue centres and conservation breeding centres, but does not include an establishment of a licensed dealer in captive animals.'.]

CHAPTER II Authorities to be appointed or constituted under this Act

Section 3 - Appointment of Director and other officers

1. The Central Government may, for the purposes of this Act, appoint,-

   1. A Director of Wild Life Preservation;

   2. ⁴⁵[***]

   3. such other officers and employees as may be necessary.

2. In the performance of his duties and exercise of his powers by or under this Act, the Director shall be subject to such general or special directions, as the Central Government may, from time to time, give.

3. ⁴⁶[The officers and other employees appointed under this section shall be required to assist the Director.]

Section 4 - Appointment of Life Warden and other officers

1. The State Government may, for the purposes of this Act, appoint,-

   1. a Chief Wild Life Warden;

   2. Wild Life Wardens;

⁴⁷[***]

⁴⁸[(bb) Honorary Wild Life Wardens;]

3. such other officers and employees as may be necessary.

2. In the performance of his duties and exercise of his powers by or under this Act, the Chief Wild Life Warden shall be subject to such general or special directions, as the State Government may, from time to time, give.

3. ⁴⁹[The Wild Life Warden, the Honorary Wild Life Warden] and other officers and employees appointed under this section shall be subordinate to the Chief  Wild Life Warden.

Section 5 - Power to delegate

1. The Director may, with the previous approval of the Central Government, by order in writing, delegate all or any of his powers and duties under this Act to any officer subordinate to him subject to such conditions, if any, as may be specified in the order.

2. The Chief Wild Life Warden may, with the previous approval of the State Government by order in writing, delegate all or any of his powers and duties under this Act, except those under clause (a) of sub-section (1) of section 11, to any officer subordinate to him subject to such conditions, if any, as may be specified in the order.

3. Subject to any general or special direction given or condition imposed by the Director or the Chief Wild Life Warden, any person, authorized by the Director or the Chief Wild Life Warden to exercise any powers, may exercise those powers in the same manner and to the same effect as if they had conferred on that person directly by this Act and not by way of delegation.

Section 5A Constitution of the National Board for Wild Life

1. The Central Government shall, within three months from the date of commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002, constitute the National Board for Wild Life⁵⁰ consisting of the following members, namely:-

   1. the Prime Minister as Chairperson;

   2. the Minister in-charge of Forests and Wild Life as Vice-Chairperson;

   3. three members of Parliament of whom two shall be from the House of the People and one from the Council of States;

   4. [Member, NITI Aayog in-charge of Environment, Forest and Climate Change;".]⁵¹

   5. five persons to represent non-governmental organizations to be nominated by the Central Government;

   6. ten persons to be nominated by the Central Government from amongst eminent conservationists, ecologists and environmentalists;

   7. the Secretary to the Government of India in-charge of the Ministry or Department of the Central Government dealing with Forests and Wild Life;

   8. the Chief of the Army Staff;

   9. the Secretary to the Government of India in-charge of the Ministry of Defence;

   10. the Secretary to the Government of India in-charge of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting;

   11. the Secretary to the Government of India in-charge of the Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance;

   12. the Secretary to the Government of India, Ministry of Tribal Welfare;

   13. the Director-General of Forests in the Ministry or Department of the Central Government dealing with Forests and Wild Life;

   14. the Director-General of Tourism, Government of India;

   15. the Director-General, Indian Council for Forestry Research and Education, Dehradun;

   16. the Director, Wild Life Institute of India, Dehradun;

   17. the Director, Zoological Survey of India;

   18. the Director, Botanical Survey of India;

   19. the Director, Indian Veterinary Research Institute;

   20. the Member-Secretary, Central Zoo Authority;

   21. the Director, National Institute of Oceanography;

   22. one representative each from ten States and Union territories by rotation, to be nominated by the Central Government;

   23. the Director of Wild Life Preservation who shall be the Member-Secretary of the National Board.

2. The term of office of the members other than those who are members ex officio, the manner of filling vacancies referred to in clauses (e), (f) and (v) of sub-section (1), and the procedure to be followed in the discharge of their functions by the members of the National Board shall be such, as may be prescribed.

3. The members (except members ex officio) shall be entitled to receive such allowances in respect of expenses incurred in the performance of their duties as may be prescribed.

4. Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, the office of a member of the National Board shall not be deemed to be an office of profit.] ⁵²

Section 5B Standing Committee of the National Board

1. The National Board may, in its discretion, constitute a Standing Committee for the purpose of exercising such powers and performing such duties as may be delegated to the Committee by the National Board.

2. The Standing Committee shall consist of the Vice-Chairperson, the Member-Secretary, and not more than ten members to be nominated by the Vice-Chairperson from amongst the members of the National Board.

3. The National Board may constitute committees, sub-committees or study groups, as may be necessary, from time to time in proper discharge of the functions assigned to it.] ⁵³

Section 5C Functions of the National Board

1. It shall be the duty of the National Board to promote the conservation and development of wild life and forests by such measures as it thinks fit.

2. Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing provision, the measures referred to therein may provide for-

   1. framing policies and advising the Central Government and the State Governments on the ways and means of promoting wild life conservation and effectively controlling poaching and illegal trade of wild life and its products;

   2. making recommendations on the setting up of and management of national parks, sanctuaries and other protected areas and on matters relating to restriction of activities in those areas;

   3. carrying out or causing to be carried out impact assessment of various projects and activities on wild life or its habitat;

   4. reviewing from time to time, the progress in the field of wild life conservation in the country and suggesting measures for improvement thereto; and

   5. preparing and publishing a status report at least once in two years on wild life in the country.] ⁵⁴

Section 6 - Constitution of State Board for Wild Life

1. The State Government shall, within a period of six months from the date of commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002 constitute a State Board for Wild Life consisting of the following members, namely:-

   1. the Chief Minister of the State and in case of the Union territory, either Chief Minister or Administrator, as the case may be - Chairperson;

   2. the Minister in-charge of Forests and Wild Life - Vice-Chairperson;

   3. three members of the State Legislature or in the case of a Union territory with Legislature, two members of the Legislative Assembly of that Union territory;

   4. three persons to represent non-governmental organizations dealing with wild life to be nominated by the State Government;

   5. ten persons to be nominated by the State Government from amongst eminent conservationists, ecologists and environmentalists including at least two representatives of the Scheduled Tribes;

   6. the Secretary to the State Government or the Government of the Union territory, as the case may be, in-charge of Forests and Wild Life;

   7. the Officer in-charge of the State Forest Department;

   8. the Secretary to the State Government, Department of Tribal Welfare;

   9. the Managing Director, State Tourism Development Corporation;

   10. an officer of the State Police Department not below the rank of Inspector-General;

   11. a representative of the Armed Forces not below the rank of a Brigadier to be nominated by the Central Government;

   12. the Director, Department of Animal Husbandry of the State;

   13. the Director, Department of Fisheries of the State;

   14. an officer to be nominated by the Director, Wild Life Preservation;

   15. a representative of the Wild Life Institute of India, Dehradun;

   16. a representative of the Botanical Survey of India;

   17. a representative of the Zoological Survey of India;

   18. the Chief Wild Life Warden, who shall be the Member-Secretary.

2. The term of office of the members other than those who are members ex officio and the manner of filling vacancies referred to in clauses (d) and (e) of sub-section (1) and procedure to be followed shall be such, as may be prescribed.

3. The member (except members ex officio) shall be entitled to receive such allowances in respect of expenses incurred in the performance of their duties as may be prescribed.] ⁵⁵

Section 6A Standing Committee of Board

1. The Board may constitute a Standing Committee for the purpose of exercising such powers and performing such duties as may be delegated to it by the Board.

2. The Standing Committee shall consist of the Vice-Chairperson, the Member-Secretary, and not more than ten members, to be nominated by the Vice-Chairperson, from amongst the members of the Board.

3. The Board or its Standing Committee referred to in sub-section (1) may, constitute committees, sub-committees or study groups, as may be necessary, from time-to-time, for proper discharge of the functions assigned to it.".]⁵⁶

Section 7 - Procedure to be followed by the Board

1. The Board shall meet at least twice a year at such place as the State Government may direct.

2. The Board shall regulate its own procedure (including the quorum).

3. No act or proceeding of the Board shall be invalid merely by reason of the existence of any vacancy therein or any defect in the constitution thereof or any irregularity in the procedure of the Board not affecting the merits of the case.

Section 8 - Duties of State Board for Wild Life 57

It shall be the duty of the ⁵⁸[State Board for Wild Life] to advise the State Government,-

1. ⁵⁹[in the selection and management of areas to be declared as protected areas;]

2. ⁶⁰[in formulation of the policy for protection and conservation of the wild life and specified plants;]

3. in any matter relating to the amendment of any Schedule;

⁶¹[***]

⁶²[(cc) in relation to the measures to be taken for harmonising the needs of the tribals and other dwellers of the forest with the protection and conservation of wild life; and]

4. in any other matter connected with the protection of wild life which may be referred to it by the State Government.

CHAPTER III Hunting of Wild Animals

Section 9 Prohibition of hunting

No person shall hunt any wild animal specified in [Schedules I and II]⁶³ except as provided under section 11 and section 12.] ⁶⁴

Section 10 - Maintenance of record of wild animals killed or captured Repealed

⁶⁵[***]

Section 11 - Hunting of wild animals to be permitted in certain cases

1. Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force and subject to the provisions of Chapter IV,-

   1. the Chief Wild Life Warden may, if he is satisfied that any wild animal specified in Schedule I has become dangerous to human life or is so disabled or diseased as to be beyond recovery, by order in writing and stating the reasons therefore, permit any person to hunt such animal or cause such animal to be hunted:

⁶⁶[Provided that no wild animal shall be ordered to be killed unless the Chief Wild Life Warden is satisfied that such animal cannot be captured, tranquilised or translocated:

Provided further that no such captured animal shall be kept in captivity unless the Chief Wild Life Warden is satisfied that such animal cannot be rehabilitated in the wild and the reasons for the same are recorded in writing.

Explanation.-For the purposes of clause (a), the process of capture or translocation, as the case may be, of such animal shall be made in such manner as to cause minimum trauma to the said animal]

2. the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer may, if he is satisfied that any wild animal specified in Schedule II, [***]⁶⁷ has become dangerous to human life or to property (including standing crops on any land) or is so disabled or diseased as to be beyond recovery, by order in writing and stating the reasons therefore, permit any person to hunt ⁶⁸[such animal or group of animals in a specified area or cause such animal or group of animals in that specified area to be hunted].

2. The killing or wounding in good faith of any wild animal in defence of oneself or of any other person shall not be an offence:

Provided that nothing in this sub-section shall exonerate any person who, when such defence becomes necessary, was committing any act in contravention of any provision of this Act or any rule or order made thereunder.

3. Any wild animal killed or wounded in defence of any person shall be Government property.

Section 12 - Grant of permit for special purposes

Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Act, it shall be lawful for the Chief Wild Life Warden, to grant ⁶⁹[***] a permit, by an order in writing stating the reasons therefore, to any person, on payment of such fee as may be prescribed, which shall entitle the holder of such permit to hunt subject to such conditions as may be specified therein, any wild animal specified in such permit, for the purpose of,-

1. education;

2. ⁷⁰[scientific research;

(bb) scientific management.

Explanation.-For the purposes of clause (bb), the expression, "Scientific Manage­ment" means-

1. translocation of any wild animal to an alternative suitable habitat; or

2. population management of wildlife without killing or poisoning or destroying any wild animals;]

3. ⁷¹[collection of specimens-

1. for recognised zoos subject to the permission under section 38I; or

2. for museums and similar institutions;

4. derivation, collection or preparation of snake-venom for the manufacture of life-saving drugs:]

⁷²[Provided that no such permit shall be granted-

1. in respect of any wild animal specified in Schedule I, except with the previous permission of the Central Government, and

2. in respect of any other wild animal, except with the previous permission of the State Government.]

Section 13 - Suspension or cancellation of licence Repealed

⁷³[***]

Section 14 - Appeals Repealed

⁷⁴[***]

Section 15 - Hunting of young and female of wild animals Repealed

⁷⁵[***]

Section 16 - Declaration of closed time Repealed

⁷⁶[***]

Section 17 - Restrictions on hunting Repealed

⁷⁷[***]

⁷⁸[CHAPTER 3A PROTECTION OF SPECIFIED PLANTS

Section 17A - Prohibition of picking uprooting etc of specified plant

Save as otherwise provided in this Chapter, no person shall-

1. willfully pick, uproot, damage, destroy, acquire or collect any specified plant from any forest land and any area specified, by notification, by the Central Government;

2. posses, sell, offer for sale, or transfer by way of gift or otherwise, or transport any specified plant, whether alive or dead, or part or derivative thereof:

Provided that nothing in this section shall prevent a member of a scheduled tribe, subject to the provisions of Chapter IV, from picking, collecting or possessing in the district he resides any specified plant or part or derivative thereof for his bona fide personal use.

Section 17B - Grants of permit for special purposes

The Chief Wild Life Warden may, with the previous permission of the State Government, grant to any person a permit to pick, uproot, acquire or collect from a forest land or the area specified under section 17A or transport, subject to such conditions as may be specified therein, any specified plant for the purpose of-

1. education;

2. scientific research;

3. collection, preservation and display in a herbarium of any scientific institution; or

4. propagation by a person or an institution approved by the Central Government in this regard.

Section 17C - Cultivation of specified plants without licence prohibited

1. No person shall cultivate a specified plant except under and in accordance with a licence granted by the Chief Wild Life Warden or any other officer authorised by the State Government in this behalf:

Provided that nothing in this section shall prevent a person, who immediately before the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) (Amendment) Act, 1991, was cultivating a specified plant from carrying on such cultivation for a period of six months from such commencement or where he has made an application within that period for the grant of a licence to him, until the licence is granted to him or he is informed in writing that a licence cannot be granted to him.

2. Every licence granted under this section shall specify the area in which and the conditions, if any, subject to which the licensee shall cultivate a specified plant.

Section 17D - Dealing in specified plants without licence prohibited

1. No person shall, except under and in accordance with a licence granted by the Chief Wild Life Warden or any other officer authorised by the State Government in this behalf, commence or carry on business or occupation as a dealer in a specified plant or part or derivate thereof:

Provided that nothing in this section shall prevent a person, who, immediately before the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) (Amendment) Act, 1991, was carrying on such business or occupation, from carrying on such business or occupation for a period of sixty days from such commencement, or where he has made an application within that period for the grant of a licence to him, until the licence is granted to him or he is informed in writing that a licence cannot be granted to him.

2. Every licence granted under this section shall specify the premises in which and the conditions, if any, subject to which the licensee shall carry on his business.

Section 17E - Declaration of stock

1. Every person cultivating, or dealing in, a specified plant or part or derivative thereof shall, within thirty days from the date of commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) (Amendment) Act, 1991 declare to the Chief Wild Life Warden or any other officer authorised by the State Government in this behalf, his stocks of such plants and part or derivative thereof, as the case may be, on the date of such commencement.

2. The provisions of sub-sections (3) to (8) (both inclusive) of section 44, section 45, section 46 and section 47 shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to an application and a licence referred to in section 17C and section 17D as they apply in relation to the licence or business in animals or animal articles.

Section 17F - Possession etc of plants by licensee

No licensee under this Chapter shall-

1. keep in his control, custody or possession-

1. any specified plant, or part or derivative thereof in respect of which a declaration under the provisions of section 17E has to be made but has not been made;

2. any specified plant, or part or derivative thereof which has not been lawfully acquired under the provisions of this Act or any rule or order made thereunder;

   2. (i) pick, uproot, collect or acquire any specified plant, or

(ii) acquire, receive, keep in his control, custody or possession, or sell, offer for sale or transport any specified plant or part or derivative thereof,

except in accordance with the conditions subject to which the licence has been granted and such rules as may be made under this Act.

Section 17G - Purchase etc of specified plants

No person shall purchase, receive or acquire any specified plant or part or derivative thereof otherwise than from a licensed dealer:

Provided that nothing in this section shall apply to any person referred to in section 17B.

Section 17H - Plants to be Government property

1. Every specified plant or part or derivative thereof, in respect of which any offence against this Act or any rule or order made thereunder has been committed, shall be the property of the State Government, and, where such plant or part or derivative thereof has been collected or acquired from a sanctuary or National Park declared by the Central Government, such plant or part or derivative thereof shall be the property of the Central Government.

2. The provisions of sub-sections (2) and (3) of section 39 shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to the specified plant or part or derivative thereof or they apply in relation to wild animals and articles referred to in sub-section (1) of that section.]

Chapter 4 – [PROTECTED AREAS]⁷⁹

Section 18 - Declaration of sanctuary

1. ⁸⁰[The State Government may, by notification, declare its intention to constitute any area other than an area comprised within any reserve forest or the territorial waters as a sanctuary if it considers that such area is of adequate ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological, natural or zoological significance, for the purpose of protecting, propagating or developing wild life or its environment.]

2. The notification referred to in sub-section (1) shall specify, as nearly as possible, the situation and limits of such area.

Explanation.-For the purposes of this section it shall be sufficient to describe the area by roads, rivers, ridges or other well-known or readily intelligible boundaries.

Section 18A Protection to sanctuaries

1. When the State Government declares its intention under sub-section (1) of section 18 to constitute any area, not comprised within any reserve forest or territorial waters under that sub-section, as a sanctuary, the provisions of sections 27 to 33A (both inclusive) shall come into effect forthwith.

2. Till such time as the rights of affected persons are finally settled under sections 19 to 24 (both inclusive), the State Government shall make alternative arrangements required for making available fuel, fodder and other forest produce to the persons affected, in terms of their rights as per the Government records.] ⁸¹

Section 18B Appointment of Collectors

The State Government shall appoint, an officer to act as Collector under the Act, within ninety days of coming into force of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002, or within thirty days of the issue of notification under section 18, to inquire into and determine the existence, nature and extent of rights of any person in or over the land comprised within the limits of the sanctuary which may be notified under sub­section (1) of section 18.] ⁸²

Section 19 - Collector to determine rights

⁸³[When a notification has been issued under section 18] the controller shall inquire into, and determine, the existence, nature and extent of the rights of any person in or over the land comprised within the limits of the sanctuary.

Section 20 - Bar of accrual of rights

After the issue of a notification under section 18, no right shall be acquired in, on or over the land comprised within the limits of the area specified in such notification, except by succession, testamentary or intestate.

Section 21 - Proclamation by Collector

When a notification has been issued under section 18, the Collector shall¹[within a period of sixty days,] publish in the regional language in every town and village in or in the neighbourhood of the area comprised therein, a proclamation-

1. specifying, as nearly as possible, the situation and the limits of the sanctuary; and

2. requiring any person, claiming any right mentioned in section 19, to prepare before the Collector, within two months from the date of such proclamation, a written claim in the prescribed form, specifying the nature and extent of such right with necessary details and the amount and particulars of compensation, if any, claimed in respect thereof.

Section 22 Inquiry by Collector

The Collector shall, after service of the prescribed notice upon the claimant, expeditiously inquire into

1. the claim preferred before him under clause (b) of section 21, and

2. the existence of any right mentioned in section 19 and not claimed under clause (b) of section 21,

so far as the same may be ascertainable from the records of the State Government and the evidence of any person acquainted with the same. ]⁸⁴

Section 23 - Powers of Collector

For the purpose of such inquiry, the Collector may exercise the following powers, namely:-

1. the power to enter in or upon any land and to survey, demarcate and make a map of the same or to authorise any other officer to do so;

2. the same powers as are vested in a civil court for the trial of suits.

Section 24 - Acquisition of rights

1. In the case of a claim to a right in or over any land referred to in section 19, the Collector shall pass an order admitting or rejecting the same in whole or in part.

2. If such claim is admitted in whole or in part, the Collector may either-

   1. exclude such land from the limits of the proposed sanctuary, or

   2. proceed to acquire such land or rights, except where by an agreement between the owner of such land or holder of rights and the Government, the owner or holder of such rights has agreed to surrender 1 is rights to the Government, in or over such land, and on payment of such compensation, as is provided in the [Right to Fair Compensation 30 of 2013. and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013]⁸⁵ (1 of 1894),

   3. ⁸⁶[allow, in consultation with the Chief Wild Life Warden, the continuation of any right of any person in or over any land within the limits of the sanctuary.]

Section 25 - Acquisition proceedings

1. For the purpose of acquiring such land, or rights in or over such land,-

1. the Collector shall be deemed to be a Collector, proceeding under the [Right to Fair Compensation 30 of 2013. and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013]⁸⁷;

2. the claimant shall be deemed to be a person interested and appearing before him in pursuance of a notice given under [section 21]⁸⁸ of that Act;

3. the provisions of the sections, preceding [section 21]⁸⁹ of that Act, shall be deemed to have been complied with;

4. where the claimant does not accept the award made in his favour in the matter of compensation, he shall be deemed, within the meaning of [section 64]⁹⁰ of the Act, to be a person interested who has not accepted the award, and shall be entitled to proceed to claim relief against the award under the provisions of [Chapter VIII]⁹¹ of that Act;

5. the Collector, with the consent of the claimant, or [the Authority]⁹², with the consent of both the parties, may award compensation in land or money or partly in land and partly in money; and

6. in the case of the stoppage of a public way or a common pasture, the Collector may, with the previous sanction of the State Government, provide for an alternative public way or common pasture, as far as may be practicable or convenient.

['Explanation.—The expression "Authority" referred to in clause (e), shall mean the Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Authority established under section 51 of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013.'.]⁹³

2. The acquisition under this Act of any land or interest therein shall be deemed to be acquisition for a public purpose.

Section 25A Time-limit for completion of acquisition proceedings

1. The Collector shall, as far as possible, complete the proceedings under sections 19 to 25 (both inclusive), within a period of two years from the date of notification of declaration of sanctuary under section 18.

2. The notification shall not lapse if, for any reasons, the proceedings are not completed within a period of two years.] ⁹⁴

Section 26 - Delegation of Collectors powers

The State Government may, by general or special order, direct that the powers exercisable or the functions to be performed by the Collector under sections 19 to 25 (both inclusive) may be exercised and performed by such other officer as may be specified in the order.

Section 26A Declaration of area as sanctuary

1. When-

   1. a notification has been issued under section 18 and the period for preferring claims has elapsed, and all claims, if any, made in relation to any land in an area intended to be declared as a sanctuary, have been disposed of by the State Government; or

   2. any area comprised within any reserve forest or any part of the territorial waters, which is considered by the State Government to be of adequate ecological faunal floral geomorphological, natural or zoological significance for the purpose of protecting, propagating or developing wild life or its environment, is to be included in a sanctuary,

the State Government shall issue a notification specifying the limits of the area which shall be comprised within the sanctuary and declare that the said area shall be sanctuary on and from such date as may be specified in the notification:

Provided that where any part of the territorial waters is to be so included, prior concurrence of the Central Government shall be obtained by the State Government:

Provided further that the limits of the area of the territorial waters to be included in the sanctuary shall be determined in consultation with the Chief Naval Hydrographer of the Central Government and after taking adequate measures to protect the occupational interests of the local fishermen.

2. Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), the right of innocent passage of any vessel or boat through the territorial waters shall not be affected by the notification issued under sub-section (1).

3. ⁹⁵[No alteration of the boundaries of a sanctuary shall be made by the State Government except on a recommendation of the National Board.] ]⁹⁶

Section 27 - Restriction on entry in sanctuary

1. No person other than,-

   1. a public servant on duty,

   2. a person who has been permitted by the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer to reside within the limits of the sanctuary,

   3. a person who has any right over immovable property within the limits of the sanctuary,

   4. a person passing through the sanctuary along a public highway, and

   5. the dependants of the person referred to in clause (a), clause (b) or clause (c), shall enter or reside in the sanctuary, except under and in accordance with the conditions of a permit granted under section 28.

2. Every person shall, so long as he resides in the sanctuary, be bound-

   6. to prevent the commission, in the sanctuary, of an offence against this Act;

   7. where there is reason to believe that any such offence against this Act has been committed in such sanctuary, to help in discovering and arresting the offender;

   8. to report the death of any wild animal and to safeguard its remains until the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer takes charge thereof;

   9. to extinguish any fire in such sanctuary of which he has knowledge or information and to prevent from spreading, by any lawful means in his power, any fire within the vicinity of such sanctuary of which he has knowledge or information; and

   10. to assist any Forest Officer, Chief Wild Life Warden, Wild Life Warden or Police Officer demanding his aid for preventing the commission of any offence against this Act or in the investigation of any such offence.

3. ⁹⁷[No person shall, with intent to cause damage to any boundary-mark of a sanctuary or to cause wrongful gain as defined in the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (45 of 1860), alter, destroy, move or deface such boundary-mark.

4. No person shall tease or molest any wild animal or litter the grounds of sanctuary.]

Section 28 - Grant of permit

1. The Chief Wild Life Warden may, on application, grant to any person a permit to enter or reside in a sanctuary for all or any of the following purposes, namely:-

   1. investigation or study of wild life and purposes ancillary or incidental thereto;

   2. photography [and film-making without making any change in the habitat or causing any adverse impact to the habitat or wild life]⁹⁸;

   3. scientific research;

   4. tourism;

   5. transaction of lawful business with any person residing in the sanctuary.

2. A permit to enter or reside in a sanctuary shall be issued subject to such conditions and on payment of such fee as may be prescribed.

Section 29 Destruction etc in a sanctuary prohibited without permit

No person shall destroy, exploit or remove any wild life including forest produce from a sanctuary or destroy or damage or divert the habitat of any wild animal by any act whatsoever or divert, stop or enhance the flow of water into or outside the sanctuary, except under and in accordance with a permit granted by the Chief Wild Life Warden, and no such permit shall be granted unless the State Government being satisfied in consultation with the [National Board]⁹⁹ that such removal of wild life from the sanctuary or the change in the flow of water into or outside the sanctuary is necessary for the improvement and better management of wild life therein, authorises the issue of such permit:

Provided that where the forest produce is removed from a sanctuary the same may be used for meeting the personal bona fide needs of the people living in and around the sanctuary and shall not be used for any commercial purpose.

[Explanation.—For the purposes of this section, grazing or movement of livestock permitted under clause (d) of section 33, or hunting of wild animals under a permit granted under section 11 or hunting without violating the conditions of a permit granted under section 12, or the exercise of any rights permitted to continue under clause (c) of sub-section (2) of section 24, including the bona fide use of drinking and household water by local communities until they are settled, shall not be deemed to be an act prohibited under this section."]¹⁰⁰.] ¹⁰¹

Section 30 - Causing fire prohibited

No person shall set fire to a sanctuary, or kindle any fire, or leave any fire burning, in a sanctuary, in such manner as to endanger such sanctuary.

Section 31 - Prohibition of entry into sanctuary with weapon

No person shall enter a sanctuary with any weapon except with the previous permission in writing of the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer.

Section 32 - Ban on use of injurious substances

No person shall use, in a sanctuary, chemicals, explosives or any other substances which may cause injury to or endanger, any wild life in such sanctuary.

Section 33 - Control of sanctuaries

The Chief Wild Life Warden shall be the authority who shall control, [manage and protect all sanctuaries in accordance with such management plans for the sanctuary approved by him as per the guidelines issued by the Central Government and in case the sanctuary also falls under the Scheduled Areas or areas where the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of 2 of 2007. Forest Rights) Act, 2006 is applicable, in accordance with the management plan for such sanctuary prepared after due consultation with the Gram Sabha concerned]¹⁰², within the limits of any sanctuary,-

1. may construct such roads, bridges, buildings, fences or barrier gates, and carry-out such other works as he may consider necessary for the purposes of such sanctuary;

¹⁰³[Provided that no construction of [tourist lodges, including Government lodges, for commercial purposes]¹⁰⁴, hotels, zoos and safari parks shall be undertaken inside a sanctuary except with the prior approval of the National Board.]

2. shall take such steps as will ensure the security of wild animals in the sanctuary and the preservation of the sanctuary and wild animals therein;

3. may take such measures, in the interests of wild life, as he may consider necessary for the improvement of any habitat;

4. may regulate, control or prohibit, in keeping with the interests of wild life, the grazing or movement of ¹⁰⁵[live-stock].

5. ¹⁰⁶[***]

Section 33A Immunisation of live-stock

1. The Chief Wild Life Warden shall take such measures in such manner, as may be prescribed, for immunisation against communicable diseases of the live-stock kept in or within five kilometres of a sanctuary.

2. No person shall take, or cause, to be taken or grazed, any live-stock in a sanctuary without getting it immunised.] ¹⁰⁷

Section 33B Advisory Committee

1. The State Government shall constitute an Advisory Committee consisting of the Chief Wild Life Warden or his nominee not below the rank of Conservator of Forests as its head and shall include a member of the State Legislature within whose constituency the sanctuary is situated, three representatives of Panchayati Raj Institutions, two representatives of non-governmental organisations and three individuals active in the field of wild life conservation, one representative each from departments dealing with Home and Veterinary matters, Honorary Wild Life Warden, if any, and the officer-in-charge of the sanctuary as Member-Secretary.

2. The Committee shall render advice on measures to be taken for better conservation and management of the sanctuary including participation of the people living within and around the sanctuary.

3. The Committee shall regulate its own procedure including quorum.] ¹⁰⁸

Section 34 - Registration of certain persons in possession of arms

1. Within three months from the declaration of any area as a sanctuary, every person residing in or within ten kilometres of any such sanctuary and holding a licence granted under the Arms Act, 1959 (54 of 1959), for the possession of arms or exempted from the provisions of that Act and possessing arms, shall apply in such form, on payment of such fee and within such time as may be prescribed, to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer, for the registration of his name.

2. On receipt of an application under sub-section (1), the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer shall register the name of the applicant in such manner as may be prescribed.

3. ¹⁰⁹[No new licences under the Arms Act, 1959 (54 of 1959) shall be granted within a radius of ten kilometres of a sanctuary without the prior concurrence of the Chief Wild Life Warden.]

4. "[No renewal of any licence under the Arms Act, 1959, shall be granted to any 54 of 1959. person residing within ten kilometres of a sanctuary except under the intimation to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer."]¹¹⁰.

Section 34A Power to remove encroachment

1. Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, any officer not below the rank of an Assistant Conservator of Forests may,-

   1. evict any person from a sanctuary or National Park, who unauthorisedly occupies Government land in contravention of the provisions of this Act;

   2. remove any unauthorised structures, buildings, or constructions erected on any Government land within any sanctuary or National Park and all the things, tools and effects belonging to such person shall be confiscated, by an order of an officer not below the rank of the Deputy Conservator of Forests:

Provided that no such order shall be passed unless the affected person is given an opportunity of being heard.

2. The provisions of this section shall apply notwithstanding any other penalty which may be inflicted for violation of any other provision of this Act.] ¹¹¹

Section 35 - Declaration of National Parks

1. Whenever it appears to the State Government that an area, whether within a sanctuary or not, is, by reason of its ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological or zoological association or importance, needed to be constituted as a National Park for the purpose of protecting, propagating or developing wild life therein or its environment, it may, by notification, declare its intention to constitute such area as a National Park:

¹¹²[Provided that where any part of the territorial waters is proposed to be included in such National Park, the provisions of section 26A shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to the declaration of a National Park as they apply in relation to the declaration of a sanctuary.]

2. The notification referred to in sub-section (1) shall define the limits of the area which is intended to be declared as a National Park.

3. Where any area is intended to be declared as a National Park, the provisions of sections ¹¹³[19 to 26A (both inclusive except clause (c) of sub-section (2) of section 24)] shall, as far as may be, apply to the investigation and determination of claims, and extinguishment of rights, in relation to any land in such area as they apply to the said matters in relation to any land in a sanctuary.

[“(3A) When the State Government declares its intention under sub-section (1) to constitute any area as a National Park, the provisions of sections 27 to 33A (both inclusive), shall come into effect forthwith, until the publication of the notification declaring such National Park under sub-section (4).

(3B) Till such time as the rights of the affected persons are finally settled under sections 19 to 26A [both inclusive except clause (c) of sub-section (2) of section 24], the State Government shall make alternative arrangements required for making available fuel, fodder and other forest produce to the persons affected, in terms of their rights as per the Government records.”.]¹¹⁴

4. When the following events have occurred, namely:-

   1. the period for preferring claims has elapsed, and all claims, if any, made in relation to any land in an area intended to be declared as a National Park, have been disposed of by the State Government, and

   2. all rights in respect of lands proposed to be included in the National Park have become vested in the State Government, the State Government shall publish a notification specifying the limits of the area which shall be comprised within the National Park and declare that the said area shall be a National Park on and from such date as may be specified in the notification.

5. ¹¹⁵[No alteration of the boundaries of a National Park by the State Government shall be made except on a recommendation of the National Board.

6. ^116[No person shall destroy, exploit or remove any Wild Life including forest produce from a National Park or destroy or damage or divert the habitat of any wild animal by any act whatsoever or divert, stop or enhance the flow of water into or outside the National Park, except under and in accordance with a permit granted by the Chief Wild Life Warden, and no such permit shall be granted unless the State Government being satisfied in consultation with the National Board that such removal of wild life from the National Park or the change in the flow of water into or outside the National Park is necessary for the improvement and better management of wild life therein, authorises the issue of such permit:

Provided that where the forest produce is removed from a National Park, the same may be used for meeting the personal bona fide needs of the people living in and around the National Park and shall not be used for any commercial purpose.]

7. No grazing of any ¹¹⁷[live-stock] shall be permitted in a National Park and no ¹¹⁸[live­stock] shall be allowed to enter therein except where such ¹¹⁹[live-stock] is used as a vehicle by a person authorised to enter such National Park.

8. The provisions of sections 27 and 28, sections 30 to 32 (both inclusive), and clauses (a), (b) and (c) of ¹²⁰[section 33, section 33 A] and section 34 shall, as far as may be apply in relation to a National Park as they apply in relation to a sanctuary.

¹²¹[Explanation. - For the purposes of this section, in case of an area, whether within a sanctuary or not, where the rights have been extinguished and the land has become vested in the State Government under any Act or otherwise, such area may be notified by it, by a notification, as a National Park and the proceedings under sections 19 to 26 (both inclusive) and the provisions of sub-sections (3) and (4) of this section shall not apply.]

9. ¹²²[***]

Section 36 - Declaration of game reserve

¹²³[***]

Section 36A Declaration and management of a conservation reserve

1. The State Government may, after having consultations with the local communities, declare any area owned by the Government, particularly the areas adjacent to National Parks and sanctuaries and those areas which link one protected area with another, as a conservation reserve for protecting landscapes, seascapes, flora and fauna and their habitat:

Provided that where the conservation reserve includes any land owned by the Central Government, its prior concurrence shall be obtained before making such declaration.

2. The provisions of sub-section (2) of section 18, sub-sections (2), (3) and (4) of section 27, sections 30, 32 and clauses (b) and (c) of section 33 shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to a conservation reserve as they apply in relation to a sanctuary.] ¹²⁴

Section 36B Conservation reserve management committee

1. The State Government shall constitute a conservation reserve management committee to advise the Chief Wild Life Warden to conserve, manage and maintain the conservation reserve.

2. The committee shall consist of a representative of the forest or Wild Life Department, who shall be the Member-Secretary of the Committee, one representative of each Village Panchayat in whose jurisdiction the reserve is located, three representatives of non-governmental organisations working in the field of wild life conservation and one representative each from the Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry.

3. The Committee shall regulate its own procedure including the quorum.] ¹²⁵

Section 36C Declaration and management of community reserve

1. The State Government may, where the community or an individual has volunteered to conserve wild life and its habitat, declare any private or community land not comprised within a National Park, sanctuary or a conservation reserve, as a community reserve, for protecting fauna, flora and traditional or cultural conservation values and practices.

2. The provisions of sub-section (2) of section 18, sub-sections (2), (3) and (4) of section 27, sections 30, 32 and clauses (b) and (c) of section 33 shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to a community reserve as they apply in relation to a sanctuary.

3. After the issue of notification under sub-section (1), no change in the land use pattern shall be made within the community reserve, except in accordance with a resolution passed by the management committee and approval of the same by the State Government.] ¹²⁶

Section 36D Community reserve management committee

1. The State Government shall constitute a Community Reserve management committee, which shall be the authority responsible for conserving, maintaining and managing the community reserve.

2. The committee shall consist of [not less than five representatives]¹²⁷ nominated by the Village Panchayat or where such Panchayat does not exist by the members of the Gram Sabha and one representative of the State Forests or Wild Life Department under whose jurisdiction the community reserve is located.

¹²⁸["(2A) Where a community reserve is declared on private land under sub-section (1) of section 36C, the community reserve management committee shall consist of the owner of the land, a representative of the State Forests or Wild Life Department under whose jurisdiction the community reserve is located and also the representative of the Panchayat concerned or the tribal community, as the case may be.".]

3. The committee shall be the competent authority to prepare and implement the management plan for the community reserve and to take steps to ensure the protection of wild life and its habitat in the reserve.

4. The committee shall elect a Chairman who shall also be the Honorary Wild Life Warden on the community reserve.

5. The committee shall regulate its own procedure including the quorum.] ¹²⁹

Section 37 - Declaration of closed area Repealed

¹³⁰[***]

Section 38 - Power of Central Government to declare areas as sanctuaries or National Parks 131or conservation reserves

1. Where the State Government leases or otherwise transfers any area under its control, not being an area within a sanctuary, to the Central Government, the Central Government may, if it is satisfied that the conditions specified in section 18 are fulfilled in relation to the area so transferred to it, declare such area, by notification, to be a sanctuary and the provisions of ¹³²[sections 18 to 35] (both inclusive), 54 and 55 shall apply in relation to such sanctuary as they apply in relation to a sanctuary declared by the State Government.

2. The Central Government may, if it is satisfied that the conditions specified in section 35 are fulfilled in relation to any area referred to in sub-section (1), whether or not such area has been declared, to be a sanctuary by the Central Government or the State Government, declare such area, by notification, to be a National Park and the provisions of sections 35,54 and 55 shall apply in relation to such National Park as they apply in relation to a National Park declared by the State Government.

["(2A) The Central Government may, if it is satisfied that the conditions specified in sub-section (1) of section 36A are fulfilled in relation to any area referred to in sub-section (1), declare such area, by notification, to be a conservation reserve and the provisions of sections 36A and 36B shall apply in relation to such conservation reserve as they apply in relation to a conservation reserve declared by the State Government.";]¹³³

3. In relation to a sanctuary or National Park ¹³⁴[or conservation reserve] declared by the Central Government, the powers and duties of the Chief Wild Life Warden under the sections referred to in [sub-sections (1), (2) and (2A)]¹³⁵, shall be exercised and discharged by the Director or by such other officer as may be authorised by the Director in this behalf and references, in the sections aforesaid, to the State Government shall be construed as references to the Central Government and reference therein to the Legislature of the State shall be construed as a reference to Parliament.

¹³⁶[Chapter 4A - CENTRAL ZOO AUTHORITY AND RECOGNITION OF ZOOS

Section 38A - Constitution of Central Zoo Authority

1. The Central Government shall constitute a body to be known as the Central Zoo Authority (hereinafter in this Chapter referred to as the Authority), to exercise the powers conferred on, and to perform the functions assigned to it under this Act.

2. The Authority shall consist of-

   1. chairperson;

   2. such number of members not exceeding ten; and

   3. member-secretary, to be appointed by the Central Government.

Section 38B - Term of office and conditions of service of Chairperson and members etc

1. The chairperson and every member ¹³⁷[other than the Member-Secretary] shall hold office for such period, not exceeding three years, as may be specified by the Central Government in this behalf.

2. The chairperson or a member may by writing under his hand addressed to the Central Government, resign from the office of chairperson or, as the case may be, of the member.

3. The Central Government shall remove a person from the office of chairperson or member referred to in sub-section (2) if that person-

   1. becomes an undischarged insolvent;

   2. gets convicted and sentenced to imprisonment for an offence which in the opinion of the Central Government involves moral turpitude;

   3. becomes of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court;

   4. refuses to act or becomes incapable of acting;

   5. is, without obtaining leave of absence from the authority, absent from three consecutive meetings of the Authority; or

   6. in the opinion of the Central Government has so abused the position of chairperson or member as to render that person's continuance in office detri­mental to the public interest:

Provided that no person shall be removed under this clause unless that person has been given a reasonable opportunity of being heard in the matter.

4. A vacancy caused under sub-section (2) or otherwise shall be filled by fresh appointment.

5. The salaries and allowances and other conditions of appointment of chairperson, members and member-secretary of the Authority shall be such as may be prescribed.

6. The Authority shall, with the previous sanction of the Central Government, employ such officers and other employees as it deems necessary to carry out the purposes of the Authority.

7. The terms and conditions of service of the officers and other employees of the Authority shall be such as may be prescribed,

8. No act or proceeding of the Authority shall be questioned or shall be invalid on the ground merely of the existence of any vacancies or defect in the constitution of the Authority.

Section 38C - Functions of the Authority

The Authority shall perform the following functions, namely:-

1. specify the minimum standards for housing, upkeep and veterinary care of the animals kept in a zoo;

2. evaluate and assess the functioning of zoos with respect to the standards or the norms as may be prescribed;

3. recognise or derecognise zoos;

4. identify endangered species of wild animals for purposes of captive breeding and assigning responsibility in this regard to a zoo;

5. co-ordinate the acquisition, exchange and loaning of animals for breeding purposes;

6. ensure maintenance of stud-books of endangered species of wild animals bred in captivity;

7. identify priorities and themes with regard to display of captive animals in a zoo;

8. co-ordinate training of zoo personnel in India and outside India;

9. co-ordinate research in captive breeding and educational programmes for the purposes of zoos;

10. provide technical and other assistance to zoos for their proper management and development on scientific lines;

11. perform such other functions as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act with regard to zoos.

Section 38D - Procedure to be regulated by the Authority

1. The Authority shall meet as and when necessary and shall meet at such time and place as the chairperson may think fit.

2. The Authority shall regulate its own procedure.

3. All orders and decisions of the Authority shall be authenticated by the Member-Secretary or any other officer of the Authority duly authorised by the Member-Secretary in this behalf.

Section 38E - Grants and loans to Authority and Constitution of Fund

1. The Central Government may, after due appropriation made by Parliament by law in this behalf, make to the Authority grants and loans of such sums of money as that Government may consider necessary.

2. There shall be constituted a Fund to be called the Central Zoo Authority Fund and there shall be credited thereto any grants and loans made to the Authority by the Central Government, all fees and charges received by the Authority under this Act and all sums received by the Authority from such other sources as may be decided upon by the Central Government.

3. The Fund referred to in sub-section (2) shall be applied for meeting salary, allowances and other remuneration of the members, officers and other employees of the Authority and the expenses of the Authority in the discharge of its functions under this Chapter and expenses on objects and for purposes authorised by this Act.

4. The Authority shall maintain proper accounts and other relevant records and prepare an annual statement of accounts in such form as may be prescribed by the Central Government in consultation with the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.

5. The accounts of the Authority shall be audited by the Comptroller and Auditor-General at such intervals as may be specified by him and any expenditure incurred in connection with such audit shall be payable by the Authority to the Comptroller and Auditor-General.

6. The Comptroller and Auditor-General and any person appointed by him in connection with the audit of the accounts of the Authority under this Act shall have the same rights and privileges and the authority in connection with such audit as the Comptroller and Auditor-General generally has in connection with the audit of the Government accounts and, in particular, shall have the right to demand the production of books, accounts, connected vouchers and other documents and papers and to inspect any of the offices of the Authority.

7. The accounts of the Authority, as certified by the Comptroller and Auditor-General or any other person appointed by him in this behalf, together with the audit report thereon, shall be forwarded annually to the Central Government by the Authority.

Section 38F - Annual report

 The Authority shall prepare in such form and at such time, for each financial year, as may be prescribed, its annual report, giving a full account of its activities during the previous financial year and forward a copy thereof to the Central Government.

Section 38G - Annual report and audit report to be laid before Parliament

The Central Government shall cause the annual report together with a memorandum of action taken on the recommendations contained therein, in so far as they relate to the Central Government, and the reasons for the non-acceptance, if any, of any of such recommendations and the audit report to be laid as soon as may be after the reports are received before each House of Parliament.

Section 38H - Recognition of zoos

1. No zoo shall be operated without being recognised by the Authority:

Provided that a zoo being operated immediately before the date of commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) (Amendment) Act, 1991 may continue to operate without being recognised for a period of ¹³⁸[eighteen months from the date of such commencement] and if the application seeking recognition is made within that period, the zoo may continue to be operated until the said application is finally decided or withdrawn and in case of refusal for a further period of six months from the date of such refusal.

¹³⁹[(1A) On and after the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002 a zoo shall not be established without obtaining the prior approval of the Authority.]

2. Every application for recognition of a zoo shall be made to the Authority in such form and on payment of such fee as may be prescribed.

3. Every recognition shall specify the conditions, if any, subject to which the applicant shall operate the zoo.

4. No recognition to a zoo shall be granted unless the Authority, having due regard to the interests of protection and conservation of wild life, and such standards, norms and other matters as may be prescribed, is satisfied that recognition should be granted.

5. No application for recognition of a zoo shall be rejected unless the applicant has been given a reasonable opportunity of being heard.

6. The Authority may, for reasons to be recorded by it, suspend or cancel any recognition granted under sub-section (4):

Provided that no such suspension or cancellation shall be made except after giving the person operating the zoo a reasonable opportunity of being heard.

7. An appeal from an order refusing to recognise a zoo under sub-section (5) or an order suspending or cancelling a recognition under sub-section (6) shall He to the Central Government.

8. An appeal under sub-section (7) shall be preferred within thirty days from the date of communication to the applicant of the order appealed against:

Provided that the Central Government may admit any appeal preferred after the expiry of the period aforesaid if it is satisfied that the appellant had sufficient cause for not referring the appeal in time.

Section 38I Acquisition of animals by a zoo

1. Subject to the other provisions of this Act, no zoo shall acquire, sell or transfer any wild animal or captive animal specified in Schedules I [***]¹⁴⁰ except with the previous permission of the Authority.

2. No zoo shall acquire, sell or transfer any wild or captive animal except from or to a recognised zoo.] ¹⁴¹

[“Provided that nothing in this sub-section shall apply to a conservation breeding centre.”.]¹⁴²

___________________________

Section 38J - Prohibition of teasing etc in a zoo

No person shall tease, molest, injure or feed any animal or cause disturbance to the animals by noise or otherwise or litter the grounds in a zoo.]

¹⁴³Chapter IVB - NATIONAL TIGER CONSERVATION AUTHORITY

Section 38K Definitions

In this Chapter,-

1. "National Tiger Conservation Authority" means the Tiger Conservation Authority constituted under section 38L;

2. "Steering Committee" means the Committee constituted under section 38U;

3. "Tiger Conservation Foundation" means the foundation established under section 38X;

4. "tiger reserve State" means a State having tiger reserve;

5. "tiger reserve" means the areas notified as such under section 38V.] ¹⁴⁴

Section 38L Constitution of National Tiger Conservation Authority

1. The Central Government shall constitute a body to be known as the National Tiger Conservation Authority (hereinafter in this Chapter referred to as the Tiger Conservation Authority), to exercise the powers conferred on, and to perform the functions assigned to it under this Act.

2. The Tiger Conservation Authority shall consist of the following members, namely:-

   1. the Minister in charge of the Ministry of Environment and Forests- Chairperson;

   2. the Minister of State in the Ministry of Environment and Forests- Vice-Chairperson;

   3. three members of Parliament of whom two shall be elected by the House of the People and one by the Council of States;

   4. eight experts or professionals having prescribed qualifications and experience in conservation of wild life and welfare of people living in tiger reserve out of which at least two shall be from the field of tribal development;

   5. Secretary, Ministry of Environment and Forests;

   6. Director General of Forests and Special Secretary, Ministry of Environment and Forests;

   7. Director, Wild Life Preservation, Ministry of Environment and Forests;

   8. six Chief Wild Life Wardens from the tiger reserve States in rotation for three years;

   9. an officer not below the rank of Joint Secretary and Legislative Counsel from the Ministry of Law and Justice;

   10. Secretary, Ministry of Tribal Affairs;

   11. Secretary, Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment;

   12. Chairperson, National Commission for the Scheduled Tribes;

   13. Chairperson, National Commission for the Scheduled Castes;

   14. Secretary, Ministry of Panchayati Raj;

   15. [an officer not below the rank of Inspector General of Forests]¹⁴⁵ having at least ten years experience in a tiger reserve or wildlife management, who shall be the Member-Secretary, to be notified by the Central Government, in the Official Gazette.

3. It is hereby declared that the office of member of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall not disqualify its holder for being chosen as, or for being, a member of either House of Parliament.] ¹⁴⁶

Section 38M Term of office and conditions of service of members

1. A member nominated under clause (d) of sub-section (2) of section 38L shall hold office for such period not exceeding three years:

Provided that a member may, by writing under his hand addressed to the Central Government, resign from his office.

2. The Central Government shall remove a member referred to in clause (d) of sub-section (2) of section 3 8L, from office if he-

   1. is, or at any time has been, adjudicated as insolvent;

   2. has been convicted of an offence which, in the opinion of the Central Government, involves moral turpitude;

   3. is of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court;

   4. refuses to act or becomes incapable of acting;

   5. is, without obtaining leave of absence from the Tiger Conservation Authority, absent from three consecutive meetings of the said Authority; or

   6. has, in the opinion of the Central Government, so abused his position as to render his continuation in office detrimental to the public interest:

Provided that no member shall be removed under this sub-section unless he has been given a reasonable opportunity of being heard in the matter.

3. Any vacancy in the office of a member shall be filled by fresh appointment and such member shall continue for the remainder of the term of the member in whose place he is appointed.

4. The salaries and allowances and other conditions of appointment of the members of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall be such as may be prescribed.

5. No act or proceeding of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall be questioned or shall be invalid on the ground merely of the existence of any vacancy or defect in the constitution of the Tiger Conservation Authority.] ¹⁴⁷

Section 38N Officers and employees of Tiger Conservation Authority

1. The Tiger Conservation Authority may, with the previous sanction of the Central Government, appoint such other officers and employees as it considers necessary for the efficient discharge of its functions under this Act:

Provided that the officers and employees holding office under the Directorate of Project Tiger and dealing with Project Tiger immediately before the date of constitution of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall continue to hold office in the said Authority by the same tenure and upon the same terms and conditions of service or until the expiry of the period of six months from that date if such employee opts not to be' the employee of that Authority.

2. The terms and conditions of service of the officers and other employees of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall be such as may be prescribed.] ¹⁴⁸

Section 38O Powers and functions of Tiger Conservation Authority

1. The Tiger Conservation Authority shall have the following powers and perform the following functions, namely:-

   1. to approve the Tiger Conservation Plan prepared by the State Government under sub-section (5) of section 38V of this Act;

   2. evaluate and assess various aspects of sustainable ecology and disallow any ecologically unsustainable land use such as, mining, industry and other projects within the tiger reserves;

   3. lay down normative standards for tourism activities and guidelines for project tiger from time to time for tiger conservation in the buffer and core area of tiger reserves and ensure their due compliance;

   4. provide for management focus and measures for addressing conflicts of men and wild animals and to emphasise on co-existence in forest areas outside the National Parks, sanctuaries or tiger reserve, in the working plan code;

   5. provide information on protection measures including future conservation plan, estimation of population of tiger and its natural prey species, status of habitats, disease surveillance, mortality survey, patrolling, reports on untoward happenings and such other management aspects as it may deem fit including future plan conservation;

   6. approve, co-ordinate research and monitoring on tiger, co-predators, prey, habitat, related ecological and socio-economic parameters and their evaluation;

   7. ensure that the tiger reserves and areas linking one protected area or tiger reserve with another protected area or tiger reserve are not diverted for ecologically unsustainable uses, except in public interest and with the approval of the National Board for Wild Life and on the advice of the Tiger Conservation Authority;

   8. facilitate and support the tiger reserve management in the State for biodiversity conservation initiatives through eco-development and people's participation as per approved management plans and to support similar initiatives in adjoining areas consistent with the Central and State laws;

   9. ensure critical support including scientific, information technology and legal support for better implementation of the tiger conservation plan;

   10. facilitate ongoing capacity building programme for skill development of officers and staff of tiger reserves; and

   11. perform such other functions as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act with regard to conservation of tigers and their habitat.

2. The Tiger Conservation Authority may, in the exercise of its powers and performance of its functions under this Chapter, issue directions in writing to any person, officer or authority for the protection of tiger or tiger reserves and such person, officer or authority shall be bound to comply with the directions:

Provided that no such direction shall interfere with or affect the rights of local people particularly the Scheduled Tribes.] ¹⁴⁹

Section 38P Procedure to be regulated by Tiger Conservation Authority

1. The Tiger Conservation Authority shall meet at such time and at such place as the Chairperson may think fit.

2. The Chairperson or in his absence the Vice-Chairperson shall preside over the meetings of the Tiger Conservation Authority.

3. The Tiger Conservation Authority shall regulate its own procedure.

4. All orders and decisions of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall be authenticated by the Member-Secretary or any other officer of the said Authority duly authorised by the Member-Secretary in this behalf.] ¹⁵⁰

Section 38Q Grants and loans to Tiger Conservation Authority and Constitution of Fund

1. The Central Government may, after due appropriation made by Parliament by law in this behalf, make to the Tiger Conservation Authority grants and loans of such sums of money as that Government may consider necessary.

2. There shall be constituted a Fund to be called the Tiger Conservation Authority Fund and there shall be credited thereto-

   1. any grants and loans made to the Tiger Conservation Authority by the Central Government;

   2. all fees and charges received by the Tiger Conservation Authority under this Act; and

   3. all sums received by the Authority from such other sources as may be decided upon by the Central Government.

3. The Fund referred to in sub-section (2) shall be applied for meeting salary, allowances and other remuneration of the members, officers and other employees of the Tiger Conservation Authority and the expenses of the Tiger Conservation Authority incurred in the discharge of its functions under this Chapter.] ¹⁵¹

Section 38R Accounts and audit of Tiger Conservation Authority

1. The Tiger Conservation Authority shall maintain proper accounts and other relevant records and prepare an annual statement of accounts in such form as may be prescribed by the Central Government in consultation with the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.

2. The accounts of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall be audited by the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India at such intervals as may be specified by him and any expenditure incurred in connection with such audit shall be payable by the Tiger Conservation Authority to the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.

3. The Comptroller and Auditor-General of India and any other person appointed by him in connection with the audit of the accounts of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall have the same rights and privileges and authority in connection with such audit as the Comptroller and Auditor-General generally has in connection with the audit of the Government accounts and, in particular, shall have the right to demand the production of books, accounts, connected vouchers and other documents and papers and to inspect the office of the Tiger Conservation Authority.

4. The accounts of the Tiger Conservation Authority as certified by the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India or any other person appointed by him in this behalf together with the audit report thereon, shall be forwarded annually to the Central Government by the Tiger Conservation Authority.] ¹⁵²

Section 38S Annual report of Tiger Conservation Authority

The Tiger Conservation Authority shall prepare in such form and at such time, for each financial year, as may be prescribed, its annual report, giving a full account of its activities during the previous financial year and forward a copy thereof to the Central Government.] ¹⁵³

Section 38T Annual report and audit report to be laid before Parliament

The Central Government shall cause the annual report together with a memorandum of action taken on the recommendations contained therein, insofar as they relate to the Central Government, and the reasons for the non-acceptance, if any, of any of such recommendations, and the audit report to be laid, as soon as may be after the reports are received, before each House of Parliament.] ¹⁵⁴

Section 38U Constitution of Steering Committee

1. The State Government may constitute a Steering Committee for ensuring co-ordination, monitoring, protection and conservation of tiger, co-predators and prey animals within the tiger range States.

2. The Steering Committee shall consists of-

   1. the Chief Minister - Chairperson;

   2. the Minister in-charge of Wild Life - Vice-Chairperson;

   3. such number of official members not exceeding five including at least two Field Directors of tiger reserve or Director of National Park and one from the State Government's Departments dealing with tribal affairs;

   4. three experts or professionals having qualifications and experience in conservation of wild life of which at least one shall be from the field of tribal development,

   5. two members from the State's Tribal Advisory Council;

   6. one representative each from State Government's Departments dealing with Panchayati Raj and Social Justice and Empowerment;

   7. Chief Wild Life Warden of the State shall be the Member-Secretary, ex officio, to be notified by the State Government, in the Official Gazette.] ¹⁵⁵

Section 38V Tiger Conservation Plan

1. The State Government shall, on the recommendation of the Tiger Conservation Authority, notify an area as a tiger reserve.

2. The provisions of sub-section (2) of section 18, sub-sections (2), (3) and (4) of section 27, sections 30,32 and clauses (b) and (c) of section 33 of this Act shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to a tiger reserve as they apply in relation to a sanctuary.

3. The State Government shall prepare a Tiger Conservation Plan including staff development and deployment plan for the proper management of each area referred to in sub-section (1), so as to ensure-

   1. protection of tiger reserve and providing site specific habitat inputs for a viable population of tigers, co-predators and prey animals without distorting the natural prey-predator ecological cycle in the habitat;

   2. ecologically compatible land uses in the tiger reserves and areas linking one protected area or tiger reserve with another for addressing the livelihood concerns of local people, so as to provide dispersal habitats and corridor for spill over population of wild animals from the designated core areas of tiger reserves or from tiger breeding habitats within other protected areas;

   3. the forestry operations of regular forest divisions and those adjoining tiger reserves are not incompatible with the needs of tiger conservation.

4. Subject to the provisions contained in this Act, the State Government shall, while preparing a Tiger Conservation Plan, ensure the agricultural, livelihood, developmental and other interests of the people living in tiger bearing forests or a tiger reserve,

Explanation.- For the purposes of this section, the expression "tiger reserve" includes-

1. core or critical tiger habitat areas of National Parks and sanctuaries, where it has been established, on the basis of scientific and objective criteria, that such areas are required to be kept as inviolate for the purposes of tiger conservation, without affecting the rights of the Scheduled Tribes or such other forest dwellers, and. notified as such by the State Government in consultation with an Expert Committee constituted for the purpose;

2. buffer or peripheral area consisting of the area peripheral to critical tiger habitat or core area, identified and established in accordance with the provisions contained in Explanation (i) above, where a lesser degree of habitat protection is required to ensure the integrity of the critical tiger habitat with adequate dispersal for tiger species, and which aim at promoting co-existence between wildlife and human activity with due recognition of the livelihood, developmental, social and cultural rights of the local people, wherein the limits of such areas are determined on the basis of scientific and objective criteria in consultation with the concerned Gram Sabha and an Expert Committee constituted for the purpose.

5. Save as for voluntary relocation on mutually agreed terms and conditions, provided that such terms and conditions satisfy the requirements laid down in this sub-section, no Scheduled Tribes or other forest dwellers shall be resettled or have their rights adversely affected for the purpose of creating inviolate areas for tiger conservation unless-

1. the process of recognition and determination of rights and acquisition of land or forest rights of the Scheduled Tribes and such other forest dwelling persons is complete;

2. the concerned agencies of the State Government, in exercise of their powers under this Act, establishes with the consent of the Scheduled Tribes and such other forest dwellers in the area, and in consultation with an ecological and social scientist familiar with the area, that the activities of the Scheduled Tribes and other forest dwellers or the impact of their presence upon wild animals is sufficient to cause irreversible damage and shall threaten the existence of tigers and their habitat;

3. the State Government, after obtaining the consent of the Scheduled Tribes and other forest dwellers inhabiting the area, and in consultation with an independent ecological and social scientist familiar with the area, has come to a conclusion that other reasonable options of co-existence, are not available;

4. resettlement or alternative package has been prepared providing for livelihood for the affected individuals and communities and fulfils the requirements given in the National Relief and Rehabilitation Policy;

5. the informed consent of the Gram Sabha concerned, and of the persons affected, to the resettlement programme has been obtained; and

6. the facilities and land allocation at the resettlement location are provided under the said programme, otherwise their existing rights shall not be interfered with.] ¹⁵⁶

Section 38W Alteration and de-notification of tiger reserves

1. No alteration in the boundaries of a tiger reserve shall be made except on a recommendation of the Tiger Conservation Authority and the approval of the National Board for Wild Life.

2. No State Government shall de-notify a tiger reserve, except in public interest with the approval of the Tiger Conservation Authority and the National Board for Wild Life.] ¹⁵⁷

Section 38X Establishment of Tiger Conservation Foundation

1. The State Government shall establish a Tiger Conservation Foundation for tiger reserves within the State in order to facilitate and support their management for conservation of tiger and biodiversity and, to take initiatives in eco-development by involvement of people in such development process.

2. The Tiger Conservation Foundation shall, inter alia, have the following objectives:-

   4. to facilitate ecological, economic, social and cultural development in the tiger reserves;

   5. to promote eco-tourism with the involvement of local stake-holder communities and provide support to safeguard the natural environment in the tiger reserves;

   6. to facilitate the creation of, and or maintenance of, such assets as may be necessary for fulfilling the above said objectives;

   7. to solicit technical, financial, social, legal and other support required for the activities of the Foundation for achieving the above said objectives;

   8. to augment and mobilise financial resources including recycling of entry and such other fees received in a tiger reserve, to foster stake-holder development and eco-tourism;

   9. to support research, environmental education and training in the above related fields.] ¹⁵⁸

Section 38XA Provisions of Chapter to be in addition to provisions relating to sanctuaries and National Parks

The provisions contained in this Chapter shall be in addition to, and not in derogation of, the provisions relating to sanctuaries and National Parks (whether included and declared, or are in the process of being so declared) included in a tiger reserve under this Act.”.]¹⁵⁹

¹⁶⁰Chapter IV C – [WILD LIFE]¹⁶¹ CRIME CONTROL BUREAU

Section 38Y Constitution of Wild Life 162Crime Control Bureau

The Central Government may, for the purposes of this Act, by order published in the Official Gazette, constitute a [***]¹⁶³ Wildlife Crime Control Bureau consisting of-

1. the Director of Wildlife Preservation-Director ex-officio;

2. the Inspector-General of Police-Additional Director;

3. the Deputy Inspector-General of Police-Joint Director;

4. the Deputy Inspector-General of Forests-Joint Director;

5. the Additional Commissioner (Customs and ¹⁶⁴[Central Goods and Services Tax]) - Joint Director; and

6. such other officers as may be appointed from amongst the officers covered under sections 3 and 4 of this Act.] ¹⁶⁵

Section 38Z Powers and functions of the Wildlife Crime Control Bureau

1. Subject to the provisions of this Act, the Wildlife Crime Control Bureau shall take measures with respect to-

1. collect and collate intelligence related to organized wildlife crime activities and to disseminate the same to State and other enforcement agencies for immediate action, so as to apprehend the criminals and to establish a centralised wildlife crime data bank;

2. co-ordination of actions by various officers, State Governments and other authorities in connection with the enforcement of the provisions of this Act, either directly or through regional and border units set up by the Bureau;

3. implementation of obligations under the various international Conventions and protocols that are in force at present or which may be ratified or acceded to by India in future;

4. assistance to concerned authorities in foreign countries and concerned international organisations to facilitate co-ordination and universal action for wildlife crime control;

5. develop infrastructure and capacity building for scientific and professional investigation into wildlife crimes and assist State Governments to ensure success in prosecutions related to wildlife crimes;

6. advice the Government of India on issues relating to wildlife crimes having national and international ramifications, and suggest changes required in relevant policy and laws from time to time.

2. The Wildlife Crime Control Bureau shall exercise-

"(i) such powers as may be delegated to it under sub-section (1) of section 5, sub-sections (1) and (8) of section 50 and section 55 of this Act; and

(ii) such other powers as may be prescribed."] ¹⁶⁶

Section 39 - Wild animals etc to be Government property

1. Every-

   1. wild animal, other than vermin, which is hunted under section 11 or sub-section (1) of section 29 or sub-section (6) of section 35 or kept or ¹⁶⁷[bred in captivity or hunted] in contravention of any provision of this Act or any rule or order made thereunder or found dead, or killed by ¹⁶⁸[***] mistake; and

   2. animal article, trophy or uncured trophy or meat derived from any wild animal referred to in clause (a) in respect of which any offence against this Act or any rule or order made thereunder has been committed;

   3. ¹⁶⁹[ivory imported into India and an article made from such ivory in respect of which any offence against this Act or any rule or order made thereunder has been committed;

   4. vehicle, vessel, weapon, trap or tool that has been used for committing an offence and has been seized under the provisions of this Act,]

shall be the property of the State Government, and, where such animal is hunted in a sanctuary or National Park declared by the Central Government, such animal or any animal article, trophy, uncured trophy or meat ¹⁷⁰[derived from such animal, or any vehicle, vessel, weapon, trap or tool used in such hunting] shall be the property of the Central Government.

2. Any person who obtains, by any means, the possession of Government property, shall, within forty-eight hours from obtaining such possession, make a report as to the obtaining of such possession to the nearest police station or the authorised officer and shall, if so required, hand over such property to the officer-in-charge of such police station or such authorised officer, as the case may be.

3. No person shall, without the previous permission in writing of the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer-

   5. acquire or keep in his possession, custody or control, or

   6. transfer to any person, whether by way of gift, sale or otherwise, or

   7. destroy or damage, such Government property.

¹⁷¹["(4) Where any such Government property is a live animal, the State Government shall ensure that it is housed and cared for by a recognised zoo or rescue centre when it can not be released to its natural habitat.

(5) Any such animal article, trophy or uncured trophy or meat derived from any wild animal, as referred to in sub-sections (1) and (2) may be disposed of by the State Government or the Central Government, as the case may be, in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government:

Provided that such disposal shall not include any commercial sale or auction and no certificate of ownership shall be issued for such disposal.".]

Section 40 - Declarations

1. Every person having at the commencement of this Act the control, custody or possession of any captive animal specified in Schedule I [***]¹⁷², ¹⁷³[or animal article, trophy or uncured trophy] derived from such animal or salted or dried skins of such animal or the musk of a musk deer or the horn of a rhinoceros, shall, within thirty days from the commencement of this Act, declare to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer the number and description of the animal, or article of the foregoing description under his control, custody or possession and the place where such animal or article is kept.

2. No person shall, after the commencement of this Act, acquire, receive, keep in his control, custody or possession, sell, offer for sale or otherwise transfer or transport any animal specified in Schedule I or Part II of Schedule II or any uncured trophy or meat derived from such animal, or me salted or dried skins of such animal or the musk of a musk deer or the horn of a rhinoceros, except with the previous permission in writing of the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer.

¹⁷⁴[(2A) No person other than a person having a certificate of ownership, shall, after the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002 acquire, receive, keep in his control, custody or possession any captive animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy specified in Schedule I or Part II of Schedule II, except by way of inheritance.

(2B) Every person inheriting any captive animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy under sub-section (2A) shall, within ninety days of such inheritance make a declaration to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer and the provisions of sections 41 and 42 shall apply as if the declaration had been made under sub-section (1) of section 40:

Provided that nothing in sub-sections (2A) and (2B) shall apply to the live elephant.]

3. ¹⁷⁵[Nothing in sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) shall apply to a recognised zoo subject to the provisions of section 381 or to a public museum.]

4. The State Government may, by notification, require any person to declare to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer ¹⁷⁶[any animal or animal article] or trophy (other than a musk of a musk deer or horn of a rhinoceros) or salted or dried skins derived from an animal specified in Schedule I or Part II of Schedule II in his control, custody or possession in such form, in such manner, and within such time, as may be prescribed.

Section 40A Immunity in certain cases

1. Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-sections (2) and (4) of section 40 of this Act, the Central Government may, by notification, require any person to declare to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer, any captive animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy derived from animals specified in Schedule I ¹⁷⁷[***] in his control, custody or possession, in respect of which no declaration had been made under sub-section (1) or sub-section (4) of section 40, in such form, in such manner and within such time as may be prescribed.

2. Any action taken or purported to be taken for violation of section 40 of this Act at any time before the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002 shall not be proceeded with and all pending proceedings shall stand abated.

3. Any captive animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy declared under sub-section (1), shall be dealt with in such manner and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed.] ¹⁷⁸

Section 41 - Inquiry and preparation of inventories

1. On receipt of a declaration made under section 40, the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer may after such notice, in such manner and at such time, as may be prescribed,-

   1. enter upon the premises of a person referred to in section 40;

   2. make inquiries and prepare inventories of animal articles, trophies, uncured trophies, salted and dried skins and captive animals specified in Schedule I ¹⁷⁹[***] and found thereon; and

   3. affix upon the animals, animal articles, trophies or uncured trophies identification marks in such manner as may be prescribed.

2. No person shall obliterate or counterfeit any identification mark referred to in this Chapter.

Section 42 - Certificate of ownership

The Chief Wild Life Warden may, for the purposes of section 40, issue a certificate of ownership in such form, as may be prescribed, to any person who, in his opinion, is in lawful possession of any wild animal or any animal article, trophy, uncured trophy and may, where possible, mark, in the prescribed manner, such animal article, trophy or uncured trophy for purposes of identification.

¹⁸⁰[Provided that before issuing the certificate of ownership in respect of any captive animal, the Chief Wild Life Warden shall ensure that the applicant has adequate facilities for housing, maintenance and upkeep of the animal.]

Section 42A Surrender of captive animals animal article etc

1. Any person having a certificate of ownership in respect of any captive animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy, meat or ivory imported into India or an article made from such ivory, and who is not desirous of keeping it in his control, custody or possession may, after giving notice of seven working days to the Chief Wild Life Warden, surrender the same to him and any such certificate of ownership shall stand cancelled from the date of such surrender.

2. No compensation shall be payable to any person for surrender of any such animal, article, trophy, meat or ivory to the Chief Wild Life Warden under sub-section (1).

3. Any such animal, article, trophy, meat or ivory surrendered under this section shall become the property of the State Government and the provisions of section 39 shall apply.".]¹⁸¹

Section 43 Regulation of transfer of animal etc

1. No person having in his possession captive animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy in respect of which he has a certificate of ownership shall transfer by way of sale or offer for sale or by any other mode of consideration of commercial nature, such animal or article or trophy or uncured trophy.

2. Where a person transfers or transports from the State in which he resides to another State or acquires by transfer from outside the State, any such animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy in respect of which he has a certificate of ownership, he shall, within thirty days of the transfer or transport, report the transfer or transport to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer within whose jurisdiction the transfer or transport is effected.

[“Provided that the transfer or transport of a captive elephant for a religious or any other purpose by a person having a valid certificate of ownership shall be subject to such terms and conditions as may be prescribed by the Central Government.”.]¹⁸²

3. Nothing in this section shall apply-

   1. to tail feather of peacock and the animal article or trophies made therefrom;

   2. to transfer of captive animals between recognised zoos subject to the provisions of section 38-I, and transfer amongst zoos and public museums.] ¹⁸³

Section 44 - Dealings in trophy and animal articles without licence prohibited

1. ¹⁸⁴[Subject to the provisions of Chapter VA, no person shall, except under, and in accordance with, a licence granted under sub-section (4)]-

   1. commence or carry on the business as-

1. a manufacturer of or dealer in, any animal article; or

2. ¹⁸⁵[***]

3. a taxidermist; or

4. a dealer in trophy or uncured trophy; or

5. a dealer in captive animals; or

6. a dealer in meat; or

   2. cook or serve meat in any eating-house;

   3. ¹⁸⁶[derive, collect or prepare, or deal in, snake venom:]

Provided that nothing in this sub-section shall prevent a person, who immediately before the commencement of this Act was carrying on the business or occupation specified in this sub-section, from carrying on such business or occupation for a period of thirty days from such commencement, or where he has made an application within that period for the grant of a licence to him, until the licence is granted to him or he is informed in writing that a licence cannot be granted to him:

¹⁸⁷[Provided further that nothing in this sub-section shall apply to the dealers in tail feathers of peacock and articles made therefrom and the manufacturers of such articles.]

Explanation.-For the purposes of this section, "eating-house" includes a hotel, restaurant or any other place where any eatable is served on payment, whether or not such payment is separately made for such eatable or is included in the amount charged for board and lodging.

2. Every manufacturer of, or dealer in, animal article, or every dealer in captive animals, trophies or uncured trophies, or every taxidermist shall, within fifteen days from the commencement of this Act, declare to the Chief Wild Life Warden his stocks of animals articles captive animals, trophies and uncured trophies as the case may be as on the date of such declaration and the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer may place an identification mark on every animal article, captive animal trophy or uncured trophy as the case may be.

3. Every person referred to in sub-section (1) who intends to obtain a licence, shall ¹⁸⁸[***] make an application to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer for the grant of a licence.

4. (a) Every application referred to in sub-section (3) shall be made in such form and on payment of such fee as may be prescribed to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer.

¹⁸⁹[(b) No licence referred to in sub-section (1) shall be granted unless the Chief Wild Life Warden, or the authorised officer having regard to antecedents and previous experience of the applicant, the implication which the grant of such licence would have in the status of wildlife to such other matters as may be prescribed in this behalf and after making such inquiry in respect of those matters as he may think fit, is satisfied that the licence should be granted.]

5. Every licence granted under this section shall specify the premises in which and the conditions, if any subject to which the licensee shall carry on his business.

6. Every licence granted under this section shall-

   4. be valid for one year from the date of its grant;

   5. not be transferable; and

   6. be renewable for a period not exceeding one year at a time.

7. No application for the renewal of a licence shall be rejected unless the holder of such licence has been given a reasonable opportunity of presenting his case and unless the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer is satisfied that-

1. the application for such renewal has been made after the expiry of the period specified therefore, or

2. any statement made by the applicant at the time of the grant or renewal of the licence was incorrect or false in material particulars, or

3. the applicant has contravened any term or condition of the licence or any provision of this Act or any rule made thereunder, or

4. the applicant does not fulfill the prescribed conditions.

8. Every order granting or rejecting an application for the grant or renewal of a licence shall be made in writing.

9. Nothing in the foregoing sub-sections shall apply in relation to vermin.

Section 45 - Suspension or cancellation of licences

Subject to any general or special order of the State Government, the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer may, for reasons to be recorded by him in writing, suspend or cancel any licence granted or renewed under section 44:

Provided that no such suspension or cancellation shall be made except after giving the holder of the licence a reasonable opportunity of being heard.

Section 46 - Appeal

1. An appeal from an order refusing to grant or renew a licence under section 44 or an order suspending or cancelling a licence under section 45 shall lie-

   1. if the order is made by the authorised officer, to the Chief Wild Life Warden; or

   2. if the order is made by the Chief Wild Life Warden, to the State Government.

2. In the case of an order passed in appeal by the Chief Wild Life Warden under clause (a) of sub-section (1), a second appeal shall lie to the State Government.

3. Subject as aforesaid, every order passed in appeal under this section shall be final.

4. An appeal under this section shall be preferred within thirty days from the date of communication, to the applicant, of the order appealed against:

Provided that the appellate authority may admit any appeal preferred after the expiry of the period aforesaid if it is satisfied that the appellant had sufficient cause for not preferring the appeal in time.

Section 47 - Maintenance of records

A licensee under this Chapter shall-

1. keep records, and submit such returns of his dealings, as may be prescribed,-

1. to the Director or any other officer authorised by him in this behalf, and

2. to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer; and

   2. make such records available on demand for inspection by such officers.

Section 48 - Purchase of animal etc by licensee

No licensee under this Chapter shall-

1. keep in his control, custody or possession,-

1. any animal, animal articles, trophy or uncured trophy in respect of which a declaration under the provisions of sub-section (2) of section 44 has to be made but has not been made;

2. any animal or animal article, trophy, uncured trophy or meat which has not been lawfully acquired under the provisions of this Act or any rule or order made thereunder;

2. (i) capture any wild animal, or

(ii) acquire, receive, keep in his control, custody or possession, or sell, offer for sale or transport, any captive animal specified in Schedule I [***]¹⁹⁰ or any animal article, trophy, uncured trophy or meat derived therefrom or serve such meat, or put under a process of taxidermy or make animal article containing part or whole of such animal, except in accordance with such rules as may be made under this Act:

Provided that where the acquisition or possession, control or custody of such animal or animal article, trophy or uncured trophy, entails the transfer or transport from one State to another, no such transfer or transport shall be effected except with the previous permission in writing of the Director or any other officer authorised by him in this behalf:

Provided further that no such permission under the foregoing proviso shall be granted unless the Director or the officer authorised by him is satisfied that the animal or article aforesaid has been lawfully acquired.

Section 48A Restriction on transportation of wild life

No person shall accept any wild animal (other than vermin), or any animal article, or any specified plant or part or derivative thereof, for transportation except after exercising due care to ascertain that permission from the Chief Wild Life Warden or any other officer authorised by the State Government in this behalf has been obtained for such transportation.] ¹⁹¹

Section 49 - Purchase of captive animal etc by a person other than a licensee

No person shall purchase, receive or acquire any captive animal, wild animal, other than vermin, or any animal article, trophy, uncured trophy or meat derived therefrom otherwise than from a dealer or from a person authorised to sell or otherwise transfer the same under this Act:

¹⁹²[Provided that nothing in this section shall apply to a recognised zoo subject to the provisions of section 38-I or to public museum.]

¹⁹³[Chapter 5A - PROHIBITION OF TRADE OR COMMERCE IN TROPHIES, ANIMAL AR­TICLES, ETC. DERIVED FROM CERTAIN ANIMALS

Section 49A - Definitions

In this Chapter,-

1. "scheduled animal" means an animal specified for the time being in Schedule I [***]¹⁹⁴;

2. "scheduled animal article" means an article made from any scheduled animal and includes an article or object in which the whole or any part of such animal ¹⁹⁵[has been used but does not include tail feather of peacock, an article or trophy made therefrom and snake venom or its derivative];

3. "specified date" means-

1. in relation to a scheduled animal on the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) (Amendment) Act, 1986, the date of expiry of two months from such commencement; ¹⁹⁶[***]

2. in relation to any animal added or transferred to Schedule I or Part II of Schedule II at any time after such commencement, the date of expiry of two months from such addition or transfer;

3. ¹⁹⁷[in relation to ivory imported into India or an article made from such ivory, the date of expiry of six months from the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) (Amendment) Act, 1991.]

Section 49B - Prohibition of dealings in trophies animal articles etc derived from scheduled animals

1. Subject to the other provisions of this section, on and after the specified date, no person shall,-

   1. commence or carry on the business as-

1. a manufacturer of, or dealer in scheduled animal articles; or

¹⁹⁸[(ia) a dealer in ivory imported into India or articles made therefrom or a manufacturer of such articles; or]

2. a taxidermist with respect to any scheduled animals or any parts of such animals; or

3. a dealer in trophy or uncured trophy derived from any scheduled animal; or

4. a dealer in any captive animals being scheduled animals; or

5. a dealer in meat derived from any scheduled animal; or

   2. cook or serve meat derived from any scheduled animal in eating-house.

Explanation.-For the purposes of this sub-section, "eating-house" has the same meaning as the Explanation below sub-section (1) of section 44.

2. Subject to the other provisions of this section, no licence granted or renewed under section 44 before the specified date shall entitle the holder thereof or any other person to commence or carry on the business referred to in clause (a) of sub-section (1) of this section or the occupation referred to in clause (b) of that sub-section after such date.

3. Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) where the Central Government is satisfied that it is necessary or expedient so to do in the public interest, it may, by general or special order published in the Official Gazette, exempt, for purposes of export, any corporation owned or controlled by the Central Government (including a Government company within the meaning of section 617 of the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956)) or any society registered under the Societies Registration Act, 1860 (21 of 1860) or any other law for the time being in force, wholly or substantially financed by the Central Government from the provisions of sub-sections (1) and (2).

4. Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1) or sub-section (2), but subject to any rules which may be made in this behalf, a person holding a licence under section 44 to carry on the business as a taxidermist may put under a process of taxidermy any scheduled animal or any part thereof,-

   3. for or on behalf of the Government or any corporation or society exempted under sub-section (3), or

   4. with the previous authorisation in writing of the Chief Wild Life Warden, for and on behalf of any person for educational or scientific purposes.

Section 49C - Declaration by dealers

1. Every person carrying on the business or occupation referred to in sub-section (1) of section 49B shall, within thirty days from the specified date, declare to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer,-

   1. his stocks, if any, as at the end of the specified date of-

1. scheduled animal articles;

2. scheduled animals and parts thereof;

3. trophies and uncured trophies derived from scheduled animals;

4. captive animals, being scheduled animals;

5. ¹⁹⁹[ivory imported into India or articles made therefrom;]

   2. the place or places at which the stocks mentioned in the declaration are kept; and

   3. the description of such items, if any, of the stocks mentioned in the declaration which he desires to retain with himself for his bona fide personal use.

   2. On receipt of a declaration under sub-section (1), the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer may take all or any of the measures specified in section 41 and for this purpose the provisions of section 41 shall so far as may be, apply.

   3. Where, in a declaration made under sub-section (1), the person making the declaration expresses his desire to retain with himself any of the items of the stocks specified in the declaration for his bona fide use, the Chief Wild Life Warden, with the prior approval of the Director, may, if he is satisfied that the person is in lawful possession of such items, issue certificates of ownership in favour of such person with respect to all, or as the case may be, such of the items as in the opinion of the Chief Wild Life Warden, are required for the bona fide personal use of such person and affix upon such items identification marks in such manner as may be prescribed:

Provided that no such item shall be kept in any commercial premises.

4. No person shall obliterate or counterfeit any identification mark referred to in sub­section (3).

5. An appeal shall lie against any refusal to grant certificate of ownership under sub­section (3) and the provisions of sub-sections (2), (3) and (4) of section 46 shall, so far as may be, apply in relation to appeals under this sub-section.

6. Where a person who has been issued a certificate of ownership under sub-section (3) in respect of any item,-

   4. transfers such item of any person, whether by way of gift, sale or otherwise, or

   5. transfers or transports from the State in which he resides to another State any such item, he shall, within thirty days of such transfer or transport, report the transfer or transport to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer within whose jurisdiction the transfer or transport is effected.

7. No person, other than a person who has been issued a certificate of ownership under sub-section (3) shall, on and after the specified date, keep under his control, sell or offer for sale or transfer to any person ²⁰⁰[any scheduled animal or a scheduled animal article or ivory imported into India or any article made therefrom].]

['CHAPTER5 B REGULATION OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA AS PER CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA

Section 49D Definitions

In this Chapter, unless the context otherwise requires,—

1. "artificially propagated" means plants which have been grown under controlled conditions from plant materials grown under similar conditions;

2. "bred in captivity" means produced from parents in captivity;

3. "Convention" means the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora signed at Washington D.C., in the United States of America on the 3rd of March, 1973, and amended at Bonn on the 22nd of June, 1979, its appendices, decisions, resolutions and notifications made thereunder and its amendments, to the extent binding on India;

4. "export" means export from India to any other country of a specimen;

5. "import" means import into India from any other country of a specimen;

6. "introduction from the sea" means transportation into India of specimens of any species which were taken from the marine environment not under the jurisdiction of India or any other country;

7. "Management Authority" means the Management Authority designated under section 49E;

8. "readily recognisable part or derivative" includes any specimen which appears from an accompanying document, the packaging or a mark or label, or from any other circumstances, to be a part or derivative of an animal or plant of a species listed in Schedule IV;

9. "re-export" means export of any specimen that has previously been imported;

10. "Scientific Authority" means a Scientific Authority designated under section 49F;

11. "scheduled specimen" means any specimen of a species listed in Appendices I, II or III of the Convention and incorporated as such in Schedule IV;

12. "species" means any species, sub-species, or geographically separate population thereof;

13. "specimen" means—

1. any animal or plant, whether alive or dead;

2. in the case of an animal,—

1. for species included in Appendices I and II of Schedule IV, any readily recognisable part or derivative thereof;

2. for species included in Appendix III of Schedule IV, any readily recognisable part or derivative thereof specified in Appendix III of Schedule IV in relation to the species; and

3. in the case of a plant,—

1. for species included in Appendix I of Schedule IV, any readily recognisable part or derivative thereof;

2. for species included in Appendices II and III of Schedule IV, any readily recognisable part or derivative thereof specified in Appendices II and III of Schedule IV in relation to the species;

14. "trade" means export, re-export, import and introduction from the sea.

Section 49E Designation of Management Authority

1. The Central Government shall, by notification, designate an officer not below the rank of an Additional Director General of Forests as the Management Authority for discharging the functions and exercising the powers under this Act.

2. The Management Authority shall be responsible for issuance of permits and certificates for trade of scheduled specimens in accordance with the Convention, submission of reports, and shall perform such other functions as may be necessary to implement the provisions of the Convention.

3. The Management Authority shall prepare and submit annual and biennial reports to the Central Government.

4. The Central Government may appoint such officers and employees as may be necessary to assist the Management Authority in discharging its functions or exercising its powers under this Chapter, on such terms and conditions of service including salaries and allowances as may be prescribed.

5. The Management Authority may, with the prior approval of the Central Government, delegate its functions or powers, to such officers not below the rank of the Assistant Inspector General of Forests, as it may consider necessary for the purposes of this Chapter.

Section 49F Designation of Scientific Authority

1. The Central Government shall, by notification, designate one or more institutes engaged in research on species as Scientific Authority for the purposes of this Chapter, for fulfilling the functions under the Convention.

2. The designated Scientific Authority shall advise the Management Authority in such matters as may be referred to it by the Management Authority.

3. The Scientific Authority shall monitor the export permits granted for specimens of species listed in Appendix II of Schedule IV and the actual export of such specimens.

4. Whenever a Scientific Authority is of the opinion that the export of specimens of such species requires to be limited in order to maintain that species throughout its range at a level consistent with its role in the ecosystems in which it occurs and well above the level at which that species might become eligible for inclusion in Appendix I of the Convention, it shall advise the Management Authority to take such appropriate measures to limit the grant of export permits for specimens of that species as the Scientific Authority may deem necessary for said purpose.

Section 49G Directions of Central Government

The Management Authority and the Scientific Authorities, shall, while performing their duties and exercising powers under this Chapter, be subject to such general or special directions, as the Central Government may, from time to time, give.

Section 49H International trade in scheduled specimen and restriction in respect thereof

1. No person shall engage in trade of scheduled specimens except as provided for under this Chapter.

2. The Central Government shall prescribe the conditions and procedures by which the exemptions contained in Article VII of the Convention may be availed.

3. Every person engaging in trade of a scheduled specimen shall report the details of the scheduled specimen and the transaction to the Management Authority or the officer authorised by it in such manner as may be prescribed.

4. Every person engaging in trade of a scheduled specimen, shall present it for clearance to the Management Authority or the officer authorised by it or a customs officer only at the ports of exit and entry as may be specified by the Central Government.

5. The form and manner of making an application for a permit or certificate to trade in a scheduled specimen, the fee payable therefor, the conditions subject to which the permit or certificate may be granted, and the procedure to be followed in granting or cancelling such permit or certificate, shall be such as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

Section 49I Conditions for export of scheduled specimens

1. The export of any specimen of species included in Appendices I or II of Schedule IV shall require the prior grant and presentation of an export permit.

2. The export of any specimen of species included in Appendix III of Schedule IV shall require the prior grant and presentation of an export permit if the species has been listed in Appendix III of the Convention by India or a certificate of origin in other cases.

3. An export permit shall not be granted unless—

1. the Management Authority is satisfied that the specimen concerned has not been obtained in contravention of any law for the time being in force relating to protection of fauna and flora;

2. the Management Authority is satisfied that any living specimen will be so prepared and shipped as to minimise the risk of injury, damage to health or cruel treatment;

3. in the case of a specimen of a species listed in Appendices I or II of Schedule IV, the Scientific Authority has advised that the export will not be detrimental to the survival of that species; and

4. in the case of specimens of species listed in Appendix I of Schedule IV, an import permit has been granted by the competent authority of the country of destination.

Section 49J Conditions for import of scheduled specimens

1. The import of any specimen of a species included in Appendix I of Schedule IV shall require the prior grant and presentation of an import permit and either an export permit or a re-export certificate from the country of export.

2. An import permit for a specimen of a species listed in Appendix I of Schedule IV shall not be granted unless—

1. the Management Authority is satisfied that the specimen concerned will not be used for primarily commercial purposes;

2. the Scientific Authority has advised that the import will be for purposes which are not detrimental to the survival of the species; and

3. the Scientific Authority is satisfied that the proposed recipient of a living specimen is suitably equipped to house and care for it.

   3. The import of any specimen of a species included in Appendix II of Schedule IV shall require the prior presentation of either an export permit or a re-export certificate issued by the country of export.

   4. The import of any specimen of a species included in Appendix III of Schedule IV shall require the prior presentation of—

1. a certificate of origin; or

2. in the case where the import is from a country which has included the species in Appendix III of the Convention, an export permit; or

3. a re-export certificate granted by the country of re-export.

Section 49K Conditions for re-export of scheduled specimens

1. The re-export of any specimen of species included in Appendices I or II of Schedule IV shall require the prior grant and presentation of a re-export certificate.

2. A re-export certificate shall not be granted unless—

1. the Management Authority is satisfied that any specimen to be re-exported was imported in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter and of the Convention;

2. the Management Authority is satisfied that any living specimen will be so prepared and shipped as to minimise the risk of injury, damage to health or cruel treatment; and

3. in the case of any living specimen of species listed in Appendix I of Schedule IV, the Management Authority is satisfied that an import permit has been granted.

Section 49L Conditions for introduction from sea of scheduled specimens

1. The introduction from the sea of a specimen of a species included in Appendices I or II of Schedule IV shall require the prior grant and presentation of a certificate of introduction from the sea.

2. A certificate of introduction from the sea shall not be granted unless—

1. the Scientific Authority has advised that the introduction of any specimen will not be detrimental to the survival of the species;

2. in the case of a specimen of a species listed in Appendix I of Schedule IV, the Management Authority is satisfied that it is not to be used for primarily commercial purposes and that the proposed recipient of any living specimen is suitably equipped to house and care for it; and

3. in the case of a living specimen of a species listed in Appendix II of Schedule IV, the Management Authority is satisfied that it will be so handled as to minimise the risk of injury, damage to health or cruel treatment.

Section 49M Possession transfer and breeding of living scheduled animal species

1. Every person possessing a living specimen of an animal species listed in Schedule IV shall report the details of such specimen or specimens in his possession to the Management Authority or the authorised officer:

Provided that the Central Government may exempt one or more specimens of any animal species included in Schedule IV from such declaration for such quantity and for such period as it may deem fit.

2. The Management Authority or the authorised officer may, on being satisfied that a person was in possession of a living specimen of an animal species listed in Schedule IV which had not been obtained in contravention of any law relating to protection of fauna and flora, issue a registration certificate allowing the owner to retain such specimen.

3. Any person who transfers possession, by any means whatsoever, of any living specimen of an animal species listed in Schedule IV shall report the details to the Management Authority or the authorised officer.

4. The Management Authority or the authorised officer shall register all transfers of living specimens of animal species listed in Schedule IV and issue the transferee with a registration certificate.

5. Any person in possession of any living specimen of an animal species listed in Schedule IV which bears any offspring shall report the birth of such offspring to the Management Authority or the authorised officer.

6. The Management Authority or the authorised officer shall on receipt of the report under sub-section (5) register any offspring born to any living specimen of an animal species listed in Schedule IV and issue the owner with a registration certificate.

7. Any person in possession of any living specimen of an animal species listed in Schedule IV which dies shall report such death to the Management Authority or the authorised officer.

8. No person shall possess, transfer or breed any living specimen of any animal species listed in Schedule IV except in conformity with this section and the rules made by the Central Government in this behalf.

9. The form, manner and period for reporting possession, transfers, and births, deaths, and registration of the same under this section shall be as prescribed by the Central Government.

Section 49N Application for Licence by breeders of Appendix I species

1. Every person who is engaged in breeding in captivity or artificially propagating any scheduled specimen listed in Appendix I of Schedule IV shall make, within a period of ninety days of the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2022, an application for a licence to the Chief Wild Life Warden.

2. The form and manner of the application to be made to the Chief Wild Life Warden under sub-section (1), the fee payable, the form of licence, the procedure to be followed in granting or cancelling the licence shall be such as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

Section 49O Licence of breeders of Appendix I species

1. On receipt of application under sub-section (1) of section 49N, the Chief Wild Life Warden shall, if—

1. the application is in the prescribed form;

2. the resolutions of the Convention relating to breeding in captivity or artificial propagation of species listed in Appendix I of Schedule IV are satisfied; and

3. the provisions of the Act and rules made thereunder have been duly complied with, record an entry of the statement in a register and grant the applicant a licence.

2. The Chief Wild Life Warden shall, if the provisions or resolutions of the Convention or this Act and any rules made hereunder have not been complied with, or if a false particular is furnished, refuse or cancel the licence as the case may be after providing the applicant with an opportunity of being heard.

3. The licence under sub-section (1) shall be issued for a period of two years and may be renewed after two years on payment of such fee as may be prescribed.

4. Any person aggrieved by the refusal of the Chief Wild Life Warden or cancellation of licence under sub-section (2) may prefer an appeal to the State Government within a period of sixty days in such manner as may be prescribed.

Section 49P Prohibition on alteration etc

No person shall alter, deface, erase or remove a mark of identification affixed upon the scheduled specimen or its package.

Section 49Q Species and scheduled specimens to be Government property

1. Every species or scheduled specimen, in respect of which any offence against this Act or rules made thereunder has been committed, shall become the property of the Central Government and the provisions of section 39 shall, without prejudice to the Customs Act, 1962, apply, mutatis mutandis, in relation to species and scheduled specimens as they apply in relation to wild animals, captive animals and animal articles.

2. Where a living specimen of a species listed in Schedule IV has been seized under this Act or the Customs Act, 1962 or any other law for the time being in force as a result of import into India in contravention of this Act, the Management Authority shall, after consultation with the country of export, return the specimen to that country at the expense of that country, or ensure that it is housed and cared for by a recognised zoo or rescue centre in case it cannot be returned to the country of export.

3. The Management Authority may for such purposes consult the Scientific Authority as it deems appropriate.

Section 49R Application of provisions of Act in respect of species listed in Schedule I or II and Schedule IV

1. Where the same species is listed in Schedule I or II and Schedule IV, then, the provisions of this Act applicable to such species listed in Schedule I or II and the rules made thereunder shall apply.

2. Nothing in sections 49M, 49N or 49-O shall apply to a species listed in Schedule I or Schedule II if the same species is also listed in Scheduled IV.

Chapter 6 - PREVENTION AND DETECTION OF OFFENCES

1. Every person carrying on the business or occupation referred to in sub-section (1) of section 49B shall, within thirty days from the specified date, declare to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer,-

   1. his stocks, if any, as at the end of the specified date of-

1. scheduled animal articles;

2. scheduled animals and parts thereof;

3. trophies and uncured trophies derived from scheduled animals;

4. captive animals, being scheduled animals;

5. ²⁰¹[ivory imported into India or articles made therefrom;]

   2. the place or places at which the stocks mentioned in the declaration are kept; and

   3. the description of such items, if any, of the stocks mentioned in the declaration which he desires to retain with himself for his bona fide personal use.

   2. On receipt of a declaration under sub-section (1), the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer may take all or any of the measures specified in section 41 and for this purpose the provisions of section 41 shall so far as may be, apply.

   3. Where, in a declaration made under sub-section (1), the person making the declaration expresses his desire to retain with himself any of the items of the stocks specified in the declaration for his bona fide use, the Chief Wild Life Warden, with the prior approval of the Director, may, if he is satisfied that the person is in lawful possession of such items, issue certificates of ownership in favour of such person with respect to all, or as the case may be, such of the items as in the opinion of the Chief Wild Life Warden, are required for the bona fide personal use of such person and affix upon such items identification marks in such manner as may be prescribed:

Provided that no such item shall be kept in any commercial premises.

4. No person shall obliterate or counterfeit any identification mark referred to in sub­section (3).

5. An appeal shall lie against any refusal to grant certificate of ownership under sub­section (3) and the provisions of sub-sections (2), (3) and (4) of section 46 shall, so far as may be, apply in relation to appeals under this sub-section.

6. Where a person who has been issued a certificate of ownership under sub-section (3) in respect of any item,-

   4. transfers such item of any person, whether by way of gift, sale or otherwise, or

   5. transfers or transports from the State in which he resides to another State any such item, he shall, within thirty days of such transfer or transport, report the transfer or transport to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer within whose jurisdiction the transfer or transport is effected.

7. No person, other than a person who has been issued a certificate of ownership under sub-section (3) shall, on and after the specified date, keep under his control, sell or offer for sale or transfer to any person ²⁰²[any scheduled animal or a scheduled animal article or ivory imported into India or any article made therefrom].]²⁰³

Section 50 - Power of entry search arrest and detention

1. Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, the Director or any other officer authorised by him in this behalf [or the Management Authority or any officer authorised by the Management Authority]²⁰⁴ or the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer or any forest officer or any police officer not below the rank of a sub-inspector [or any customs officer not below the rank of an inspector or any officer of the coast guard not below the rank of an Assistant Commandant]²⁰⁵, may, if he has reasonable grounds for believing that any person has committed an offence against this Act,-

   1. require any such person to produce for inspection any captive animal, wild animal, animal article, meat,²⁰⁶[trophy, uncured trophy, specified plant or part or derivative thereof [or scheduled specimen]²⁰⁷ ] in his control, custody or possession, or any licence, permit or other document granted to him or required to be kept by him under the provisions of this Act;

   2. stop any vehicle or vessel in order to conduct search or inquiry or enter upon and search any premises, land, vehicle or vessel, in the occupation of such person, and open and search any baggage or other things in his possession;

   3. ²⁰⁸[seize any captive animal, wild animal, animal article, meat, trophy or uncured trophy, or any specified plant or part or [or scheduled specimen]²⁰⁹, in respect of which an offence against this Act appears to have been committed, in the possession of any person together with any trap, tool, vehicle, vessel or weapon used for committing any such offence and, unless he is satisfied that such person will appear and answer any charge which may be preferred against him, arrest him without warrant, and detain him:

Provided that where a fisherman residing within ten kilometres of a sanctuary or National Park, inadvertently enters on a boat, not used for commercial fishing, in the territorial waters in that sanctuary or National Park, a fishing tackle or net on such boat shall not be seized.]

2. ²¹⁰[***]

3. It shall be lawful for any of the officers referred to in sub-section (1) to stop and detain any person, whom he sees doing any act for which a licence or permit is required under the provisions of this Act, for the purposes of requiring such person to produce the licence or permit and if such person fails to produce the licence or permit, as the case may be, he may be arrested without warrant, unless he furnishes his name and address, and otherwise satisfies the officer arresting him that he will duly answer any summons or other proceedings which may be taken against him.

²¹¹[(3A) Any officer of a rank not inferior to that of an Assistant Director of Wild Life Preservation or²¹²[an Assistant Conservator of Forests], who, or whose subordinate, has seized any captive animal or wild animal under clause (c) of sub-section (1) may give the same for custody on the execution by any person of a bond for the production of such animal if and when so required, before the Magistrate having jurisdiction to try the offence on account of which the seizure has been made.]

4. Any person detained, or things seized under the foregoing power, shall forthwith be taken before a Magistrate to be dealt with according to law.²¹³[under intimation to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the officer authorised by him in this regard].

5. Any person who, without reasonable cause, fails to produce anything, which he is required to produce under this section, shall be guilty of an offence against this Act.

6. ²¹⁴[Where any meat, uncured trophy, specified plant or part or derivative thereof is seized under the provisions of this section, the Assistant Director of Wild Life Preservation or any other officer of a gazetted rank authorised by him in this behalf or the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer may arrange for the disposal of the same in such manner as may be prescribed.]

7. Whenever any person is approached by any of the officers referred to in sub-section (1) for assistance in the prevention or detection of an offence against this Act, or in apprehending persons charged with the violation of this Act, or for seizure in accordance with clause (c) of sub-section (1), it shall be the duty of such person or persons to render such assistance.

8. ²¹⁵[Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, any officer not below the rank of an Assistant Director of Wild Life Preservation or²¹⁶[an officer not below the rank of Assistant Conservator of Forests authorised by the State Government in this behalf] shall have the powers, for purposes of making investigation into any offence against any provision of this Act,-

   6. to issue a search warrant;

   7. to enforce the attendance of witnesses;

   8. to compel the discovery and production of documents and material objects; and

   9. to receive and record evidence.

9. Any evidence recorded under clause (d) of sub-section (8) shall be admissible in any subsequent trial before a Magistrate provided that it has been taken in the presence of the accused person.]

Section 51 - Penalties

1. Any person who ²¹⁷[contravenes any provision of this Act ²¹⁸[(except Chapter VA and section 38J)]] or any rule or order made thereunder or who commits a breach of any of the conditions of any licence or permit granted under this Act, shall be guilty of an offence against this Act, and shall, on conviction, be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to ²¹⁹[three years] or with fine which may extend to ²²⁰[one lakh rupees] or with both:

²²¹[Provided that where the offence committed is in relation to any animal specified in Schedule I [***]²²² or meat of any such animal or animal article, trophy or uncured trophy derived from such animal or where the offence relates to hunting in a sanctuary or a National Park or altering the boundaries of a sanctuary or a National Park ²²³[or where the offence relates to a specimen of a species listed on Appendix I of Schedule IV], such offence shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than three years but may extend to seven years and also with fine which shall not be less than [twenty-five thousand rupees]²²⁴:

Provided further that in the case of a second or subsequent offence of the nature mentioned in this sub-section, the term of the imprisonment shall not be less than three years but may extend to seven years and also with fine which shall not be less than [one lakh rupees]²²⁵.]

²²⁶[(1A) Any person who contravenes any provisions of Chapter VA, shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than ²²⁷[three years] but which may extend to seven years and also with fine which shall not be less than ²²⁸[twenty-five thousand rupees].]

²²⁹[(1B) Any person who contravenes the provisions of section 38J shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to six months, or with fine which may extend to two thousand rupees, or with both:

Provided that in the case of a second or subsequent offence the term of imprisonment may extend to one year, or with fine which may extend to five thousand rupees.]

²³⁰[(1C) Any person, who commits an offence in relation to the core area of a tiger reserve or where the offence relate to hunting in the tiger reserve or altering the boundaries of the tiger reserve, such offence shall be punishable on first conviction with imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than three years but may extend to seven years, and also with fine which shall not be less than fifty thousand rupees but may extend to two lakh rupees; and in the event of a second or subsequent conviction with imprisonment for a term of not less than seven years and also with fine which shall not be less than five lakh rupees but may extend to fifty lakh rupees.

(1D) Whoever, abets any offence punishable under sub-section (1C) shall, if the act abetted is committed in consequence of the abetment, be punishable with the punishment provided for that offence.]

2. When any person is convicted of an offence against this Act, the court trying the offence may order that any captive animal, wild animal, animal article, trophy, ²³¹[uncured trophy, meat, ivory imported into India or an article made from such ivory, any specified plant, or part or derivative thereof] in respect of which the offence has been committed, and any trap, tool, vehicle, vessel or weapon, used in the commission of the said offence be forfeited to the State Government and that any licence or permit, held by such person under the provisions of this Act, be cancelled.

3. Such cancellation of licence or permit or such forfeiture shall be in addition to any other punishment that may be awarded for such offence.

4. Where any person is convicted of an offence against this Act, the court may direct that the licence, if any, granted to such person under the Arms Act, 1959 (54 of 1954), for possession of any arm with which an offence against this Act has been committed, shall be cancelled and that such person shall not be eligible for a licence under the Arms Act, 1959 (54 of 1954), for a period of five years from the date of conviction.

5. ²³²[Nothing contained in section 360 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974) or in the Probation of Offenders Act, 1958 (20 of 1958) shall apply to a person convicted of an offence with respect to hunting in a sanctuary or a National Park or of an offence against any provision of Chapter VA unless such person is under eighteen years of age.]

[STATE AMENDMENTS

[Assam

²³³[In Section 51

in subsection(1),

1. In the first proviso,-

   1. in between the words "hunting in" and "a sanctuary" the words " or outside the boundary of" shall be inserted;

   2. for the words "three years", "seven years" and "ten thousand", the words "seven years", "ten years" and "fifty thousand" respectively shall be substituted.

2. in the second proviso, for the words "three years", "seven years" and "twenty five thousand", the words "ten years", "life imprisonment" and "seventy five thousand" respectively, shall be substituted.]]]

Section 51A - Certain conditions to apply while granting bail

When any person accused of, the commission of any offence relating to Schedule I [***]²³⁴ or offences relating to hunting inside the boundaries of National Park or wild life sanctuary or altering the boundaries of such parks and sanctuaries, is arrested under the provisions of the Act, then notwithstanding anything contained in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974) no such person who had been previously convicted of an offence under this Act shall, be released on bail unless-

1. the Public Prosecutor has been given an opportunity of opposing the release on bail; and

2. where the Public Prosecutor opposes the application, the Court is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for believing that he is not guilty of such offence and that he is not likely to commit any offence while on bail.] ²³⁵

[STATE AMENDMENTS

[Assam

²³⁶[After Section 51 A

the following new section 51 B shall be inserted, namely: -

51 B. "Offences to be cognizable, non-bailable and triable by the Court of Sessions.

1. Every offence punishable under this Act shall be cognizable and non-bailable within the meaning of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (Central Act No. 2 of 1974)

2. Notwithstanding anything contained in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, no person accused of an offence punishable under this Act, shall be released on bail unless-

   1. the Public Prosecutor has been given an opportunity to oppose the application for such release; and

   2. where the Public Prosecutor opposes the application, the court is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for believing that the accused is not likely to commit any offence while on bail.

3. The offences under this Act shall be triable by the Court-of Sessions of the respective jurisdiction."]

Section 52 - Attempts and abatement

Whoever attempts to contravene, or abets the contravention of, any of the provisions of this Act or of any rule or order made thereunder shall be deemed to have contravened that provision or rule or order, as the case may be.

Section 53 - Punishment for wrongful seizure

If any person, exercising powers under this Act, vexatiously and unnecessarily seizes the property of any other person on the pretence of seizing it for the reasons mentioned in section 50, he shall, on conviction, be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to six months, or with fine which may extend to five hundred rupees, or with both.

Section 54 Power to compound offence

1. The Central Government may, by notification, empower the Director of Wild Life Preservation or any other officer not below the rank of Assistant Director of Wild Life Preservation and in the case of a State Government in the similar manner, empower the Chief Wild Life Warden or any officer of a rank not below the rank of a Deputy Conservator of Forests, to accept from any person against whom a reasonable suspicion exists that he has committed an offence against this Act, payment of a sum of money by way of composition of the offence which such person is suspected to have committed.

2. On payment of such sum of money to such officer, the suspected person, if in custody, shall be discharged and no further proceedings in respect of the offence shall be taken against such person.

3. The officer compounding any offence may order the cancellation of any licence or permit granted under this Act to the offender, or if not empowered to do so, may approach an officer so empowered, for the cancellation of such licence or permit.

4. The sum of money accepted or agreed to be accepted as composition under sub-section (1) shall, in no case, exceed the sum of [five lakh rupees]²³⁷:

Provided that no offence, for which a minimum period of imprisonment has been prescribed in section 51, shall be compounded.] ²³⁸

Section 55 Cognizance of offences

No court shall take cognizance of any offence against this Act except on the complaint of any person other than-

1. the Director of Wild Life Preservation or any other officer authorised in this behalf by the Central Government; or

²³⁹[(aa) the Member-Secretary, Central Zoo Authority in matters relating to violation of the provisions of Chapter IVA; or]

²⁴⁰[(ab) Member-Secretary, Tiger Conservation Authority; or

(ac) Director of the concerned tiger reserve; or]

²⁴¹["(ad) the Management Authority or any officer, including an officer of theWild Life Crime Control Bureau, authorised in this behalf by the Central Government; or".]

2. the Chief Wild Life Warden, or any other officer authorised in this behalf by the State Government ²⁴²[subject to such conditions as may be specified by that Government] ; or

²⁴³[(bb) the officer-in-charge of the zoo in respect of violation of provisions of section 38J; or]

3. any person who has given notice of not less than sixty days, in the manner prescribed, of the alleged offence and of his intention to make a complaint to the Central Government or the State Government or the officer authorised as aforesaid.] ²⁴⁴

Section 56 - Operation of other laws not barred

Nothing in this Act shall be deemed to prevent any person from being prosecuted under any other law for the time being in force, for any act or omission which constitutes an offence against this Act or from being liable under such other law to any higher punishment or penalty than that provided by this Act:

Provided that no person shall be punished twice for the same offence.

Section 57 - Presumption to be made in certain cases

Where, in any prosecution for an offence against this Act, it is established that a person is in possession, custody or control of any [wild animal, captive animal]²⁴⁵, animal article, meat, ²⁴⁶[trophy, uncured trophy, specified plant, or part or derivative thereof [or scheduled specimen]²⁴⁷] it shall be presumed, until the contrary is proved, the burden of proving which shall lie on the accused, that such person is in unlawful possession, custody or control of such [wild animal, captive animal]²⁴⁸,, animal article, meat ²⁴⁹[trophy, uncured trophy, specified plant, or part or derivative thereof [or scheduled specimen]²⁵⁰].

Section 58 - Offences by companies

1. the company for the conduct of the business of the Where an offence against this Act has been committed by a company, every person who, at the time the offence was committed, was in charge of, and was responsible to company as well as the company, shall be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly:

Provided that nothing contained in this sub-section shall render any such person liable to any punishment, if he proves that the offence was committed without his knowledge or that he exercised all due diligence to prevent the commission of such offence.

2. Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), where an offence against this Act has been committed by a company and it is proved that the offence has been committed with the consent or connivance of, or is attributable to any neglect on the part of, any director, manager, secretary or other officer of the company, such director, manager, secretary or other officer shall also be deemed to be guilty of that offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.

Explanation.-For the purposes of this section,-

1. "company" means any body corporate and includes a firm or other association of individuals; and

2. "director", in relation to a firm, means a partner in the firm.

²⁵¹[Chapter 6A - FORFEITURE OF PROPERTY DERIVED FROM ILLEGAL HUNTING AND TRADE

Section 58A - Application

The provisions of this Chapter shall apply only to the following persons, namely:-

1. every person who has been convicted of an offence punishable under this Act with imprisonment for a term of three years or more;

2. every associate of a person referred to in clause (a);

3. any holder (hereafter in this clause referred to as the present holder) of any property which was at any time previously held by a person referred to in clause (a) or clause (b) unless the present holder or, as the case may be, any one who held such property after such person and before the present holder, is or was a transferee in good faith for adequate consideration.

Section 58B - Definitions

In this Chapter, unless the context otherwise requires,-

1. "Appellate Tribunal" means the Appellate Tribunal for Forfeited Property constituted under section 58N;

2. "associate" in relation to a person whose property is liable to be forfeited under this Chapter, includes-

1. any individual who had been or is managing the affairs or keeping the accounts of such person;

2. any association of persons, body of individuals, partnership firm or private company within the meaning of the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956) of which such person had been or is a member, partner or director;

3. any individual who had been or is a member, partner or director of an association of persons, body of individuals, partnership firm or private company referred to in sub-clause (ii) at any time when such person had been or is a member, partner or director of such association, body, partnership firm or private company;

4. any person, who had been or is managing the affairs, or keeping the accounts of any association of persons, body of individuals, partnership firm or private company referred to in sub-clause (iii);

5. the trustee of any trust, where,-

   1. the trust has been created by such person; or

   2. the value of the assets contributed by such person (including the value of the assets, if any, contributed by him earlier) to the trust amounts on the date on which contribution is made, to not less than twenty per cent of the value of the assets of the trust on that date;

6. where the competent authority, for reasons to be recorded in writing, considers that any properties of such person are held on his behalf by any other person, such other person;

3. "competent authority" means an officer authorised under section 58D;

4. "concealment" means the concealment or disguise of the nature, source, disposition, movement or ownership of property and includes the movement or conversion of such property by electronic transmission or by any other means;

5. "freezing" means temporarily prohibiting the transfer, conversion, disposition or movement of property by an order issued under section 58F;

6. "identifying" includes establishment of proof that the property was derived from, or used in, the illegal hunting and trade of wild life and its products;

7. "illegally acquired property" in relation to any person to whom this Chapter applies, means,-

1. any property acquired by such person, wholly or partly out of or by means of any income, earnings or assets derived or obtained from or attributable to illegal hunting and trade of wild life and its products and derivatives;

2. any property acquired by such person, for a consideration or by any means, wholly or partly traceable to any property referred to in sub-clause (i) or the income or earning from such property, and includes-

   1. any property held by such person which would have been, in relation to any previous holder thereof, illegally acquired property under this clause if such previous holder had not ceased to hold it, unless such person or any other person who held the property at any time after such previous holder or, where there are two or more such previous holders, the last of such previous holders is or was a transferee in good faith for adequate consideration;

   2. any property acquired by such person, for a consideration, or by any means, wholly or partly traceable to any property falling under item (A), or the income or earnings therefrom;

8. "property" means property and assets of every description, whether corporeal or incorporeal, movable or immovable, tangible or intangible and deeds and instruments evidencing title to, or interest in, such property or assets, derived from the illegal hunting and trade of wild life and its products;

9. "relative" means-

   3. spouse of the person;

   4. brother or sister of the person;

   5. brother or sister of the spouse of the person;

   6. any lineal ascendant or descendant of the person;

   7. any lineal ascendant or descendant of the spouse of the person;

   8. spouse of a person referred to in sub-clause (2), sub-clause (3), sub-clause (4) or sub-clause (5);

   9. any lineal descendant of a person referred to in sub-clause (2) or sub-clause (3);

10. "tracing" means determining the nature, source, disposition, movement, title or ownership of property;

11. "trust" includes any other legal obligation.

Section 58C - Prohibition of holding illegally acquired property

1. From the date of commencement of this Chapter, it shall not be lawful for any person to whom this Chapter applies to hold any illegally acquired property either by himself or through any other person on his behalf.

2. Where any person holds such property in contravention of the provisions of sub-section (1), such property shall be liable to be forfeited to the State Government concerned in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter:

Provided that no property shall be forfeited under this Chapter if such property was acquired by a person to whom this Act applies before a period of six years from the date on which he was charged for an offence relating to illegal hunting and trade of wild life and its products.

Section 58D - Competent authority

The State Government may, by order published in the Official Gazette, authorise any officer not below the rank of Chief Conservator of Forests to perform the functions of the competent authority under this Chapter in respect of such persons or classes of persons as the State Government may, direct.

Section 58E - Identifying illegally acquired property

1. An officer not below the rank of Deputy Inspector General of Police duly authorised by the Central Government or as the case may be, the State Government, shall, on receipt of a complaint from the competent authority about any person having illegally acquired property, proceed to take all steps necessary for tracing and identifying any property illegally acquired by such person.

2. The steps referred to in sub-section (1) may include any inquiry, investigation or survey in respect of any person, place, property, assets, documents, books of account in any bank or financial institution or any other relevant step as may be necessary.

3. Any inquiry, investigation or survey referred to in sub-section (2) shall be carried out by an officer mentioned in sub-section (1) in accordance with such directions or guidelines as the competent authority may make or issue in this behalf.

Section 58F - Seizure or freezing of illegally acquired property

1. Where any officer conducting an inquiry or investigation under section 58E has reason to believe that any property in relation to which such inquiry or investigation is being conducted is an illegally acquired property and such property is likely to be concealed, transferred or dealt with in any manner which may result in frustrating any proceeding relating to forfeiture of such property under this Chapter, he may make an order for seizing such property and where it is not practicable to seize such property, he may make an order that such property shall not be transferred or otherwise dealt with, except with the prior permission of the officer making such order, or of the competent authority and a copy of such order shall be served on the person concerned:

Provided that a copy of such an order shall be sent to the competent authority within forty-eight hours of its being made.

2. Any order made under sub-section (1) shall have no effect unless the said order is confirmed by an order of the competent authority within a period of thirty days of its being made.

Explanation.-For the purposes of this section, "transfer of property" means any disposition, conveyance, assignment, settlement, delivery, payment or other alienation of property and, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, includes-

1. the creation of a trust in property;

2. the grant or creation of any lease, mortgage, charge, easement, licence, power, partnership or interest in property;

3. the exercise of a power of appointment, of property vested in any person not the owner of the property, to determine its disposition in favour of any person other than the done of the power; and

4. any transaction entered into by any person with intent thereby to diminish directly or indirectly the value of his own property and to increase the value of the property of any other person.

Section 58G - Management of properties seized or forfeited under this Chapter

1. The State Government may, by order published in the Official Gazette, appoint as many of its officers (not below the rank of Conservator of Forests) as it thinks fit, to perform the functions of an Administrator.

2. The Administrator appointed under sub-section (1) shall receive and manage the property in relation to which an order has been made under sub-section (1) of section 58F or under section 58-I in such manner and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed.

3. The Administrator shall also take such measures as the State Government may direct, to dispose of the property which is forfeited to the State Government.

Section 58H - Notice of forfeiture of property

1. If having regard to the value of the properties held by any person to whom this Chapter applies, either by himself or through any other person on his behalf, his known sources of income, earnings or assets, and any other information or material available to it as a result of a report from any officer making an investigation under section 58E or otherwise, the competent authority for reasons to be recorded in writing believes that all or any of such properties are illegally acquired properties, it may serve a notice upon such person (hereinafter referred to as the person affected) calling upon him within a period of thirty days specified in the notice to show cause why all or any of such properties, as the case may be, should not be declared to be illegally acquired properties and forfeited to the State Government under this Chapter and in support of his case indicate the sources of his income, earnings or assets, out of which or by means of which he has acquired such property, the evidence on which he relies and other relevant information and particulars.

2. Where a notice under sub-section (1) to any person specifies any property as being held on behalf of such person by any other person, a copy of the notice shall also be served upon such other person.

Section 58-I - Forfeiture of property in certain cases

1. The competent authority may, after considering the explanation, if any, to the show cause notice issued under section 58H, and the materials available before it and after giving to the person affected and in a case where the person affected holds any property specified in the notice through any other person, to such other person, also a reasonable opportunity of being heard, by order, record a finding whether all or any of the properties in question are illegally acquired properties:

Provided that if the person affected (and in a case where the person affected holds any property specified in the notice through any other person, such other person also), does not appear before the competent authority or represent his case before it within a period of thirty days specified in the show cause notice, the competent authority may proceed to record a finding under this sub-section ex parte on the basis of evidence available before it.

2. Where the competent authority is satisfied that some of the properties referred to in the show cause notice are illegally acquired properties but is not able to identify specifically such properties, then, it shall be lawful for the competent authority to specify the properties which, to the best of its judgment, are illegally acquired properties and record a finding accordingly under sub-section (1) within a period of ninety days.

3. Where the competent authority records a finding under this section to the effect that any property is illegally acquired property, it shall declare that such property shall, subject to the provisions of this Chapter stand forfeited to the State Government free from all encumbrances.

4. In case the person affected establishes that the property specified in the notice issued under section 58H is not an illegally acquired property and therefore not liable to be forfeited under the Act, the said notice shall be withdrawn and the property shall be released forthwith.

5. Where any shares in a company stand forfeited to the State Government under this Chapter, the company shall, notwithstanding anything contained in the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956) or the article of association of the company, forthwith register the State Government as the transferee of such shares.

Section 58J - Burden of proof

In any proceedings under this Chapter, the burden of proving that any property specified in the notice served under section 58H is not illegally acquired property shall be on the person affected.

Section 58K - Fine in lieu of forfeiture

1. Where the competent authority makes a declaration that any property stands forfeited to the State Government under section 58-I and it is a case where the source of only a part of the illegally acquired property has not been proved to the satisfaction of the competent authority, it shall make an order giving option to the person affected to pay, in lieu of forfeiture, a fine equal to the market value of such part.

2. Before making an order imposing a fine under sub-section (1), the person affected shall be given a reasonable opportunity of being heard.

3. Where the person affected pays the fine due under sub-section (1), within such time as may be allowed in that behalf, the competent authority may, by order revoke the declaration of forfeiture under section 58-I and thereupon such property shall stand released.

Section 58L - Procedure in relation to certain trust properties

In the case of any person referred to in sub-clause (vi) of clause (b) of section 58B, if the competent authority, on the basis of the information and materials available to it, for reasons to be recorded in writing believes that any property held in trust is illegally acquired property, it may serve a notice upon the author of the trust, or as the case may be, the contributor of the assets out of or by means of which such property was acquired by the trust and the trustees, calling upon them within a period of thirty days specified in the notice, to explain the source of money or other assets out of or by means of which such property was acquired or, as the case may be, the source of money or other assets which were contributed to the trust for acquiring such property and thereupon such notice shall be deemed to be a notice served under section 58H and all the other provisions of this Chapter shall apply accordingly.

Explanation.-For the purposes of this section "illegally acquired property" in relation to any property held in trust, includes-

1. any property which if it had continued to be held by the author of the trust or the contributor of such property to the trust would have been illegally acquired property in relation to such author or contributor;

2. any property acquired by the trust out of any contributions made by any person which would have been illegally acquired property in relation to such person had such person acquired such property out of such contributions.

Section 58M - Certain transfers to be null and void

Where after the making of an order under sub-section (1) of section 58F or the issue of a notice under section 58H or under section 58L, any property referred to in the said order or notice is transferred by any mode whatsoever, such transfer shall, for the purposes of the proceedings under this Chapter, be ignored and if such property is subsequently forfeited to the State Government under section 58-I, then, the transfer of such property shall be deemed to be null and void.

Section 58N - Constitution of Appellate Tribunal

1. The State Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, constitute an Appellate Tribunal to be called the Appellate Tribunal for Forfeited Property consisting of a Chairman, and such number of other members (being officers of the State Government not below the rank of a Principal Secretary to the Government), as the State Government thinks fit, to be appointed by that Government for hearing appeals against the orders made under section 58F, section 58-I, sub-section (1) of section 58K or section 58L.

2. The Chairman of the Appellate Tribunal shall be a person who is or has been or is qualified to be a Judge of a High Court.

3. The terms and conditions of service of the Chairman and other members shall be such as may be prescribed.

Section 58O - Appeals

1. Any person aggrieved by an order of the competent authority made under section 58F, section 58-I, sub-section (1) of section 58K or section 58L may, within forty-five days from the date on which the order is served on him prefer an appeal to the Appellate Tribunal:

Provided that the Appellate Tribunal may entertain an appeal after the said period of forty-five days, but not after sixty days, from the date aforesaid if it is satisfied that the appellant was prevented by sufficient cause from filing the appeal in time.

2. On receipt of an appeal under sub-section (1), the Appellate Tribunal may, after giving an opportunity of being heard to the appellant, if he so desires, and after making such further inquiry as it deems fit, confirm, modify or set aside the order appealed against.

3. The Appellate Tribunal may regulate its own procedure.

4. On application to the Appellate Tribunal and on payment of the prescribed fee, the Appellate Tribunal may allow a party to any appeal or any person authorised in this behalf by such party to inspect at any time during office hours, any relevant records and registers of the Appellate Tribunal and obtain a certified copy or any part thereof.

Section 58P - Notice or order not to be invalid for error in description

No notice issued or served, no declaration made, and no order passed under this Chapter shall be deemed to be invalid by reason of any error in the description of the property or person mentioned therein if such property or person is identifiable from the description so mentioned.

Section 58Q - Bar of jurisdiction

No order passed or declaration made under this Chapter shall be appealable except as provided therein and no civil court shall have jurisdiction in respect of any matter which the Appellate Tribunal or any competent authority is empowered by or under this Chapter to determine, and no injunction shall be granted by any court or other authority in respect of any action taken or to be taken in pursuance of any power conferred by or under this Chapter.

Section 58R - Competent Authority and Appellate Tribunal to have powers of civil court

The competent authority and the Appellate Tribunal shall have all the powers of a civil court while trying a suit under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908) in respect of the following matters, namely:-

1. summoning and enforcing the attendance of any person and examining him on oath;

2. requiring the discovery and production of documents;

3. receiving evidence on affidavits;

4. requisitioning any public record or copy thereof from any court or office;

5. issuing commissions for examination of witnesses or documents;

6. any other matter which may be prescribed.

Section 58S - Information to competent authority

1. Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, the competent authority shall have power to require any officer or authority of the Central Government or a State Government or a local authority to furnish information in relation to such persons, on points or matters as in the opinion of the competent authority will be useful for, or relevant to, the purposes of this Chapter.

2. Every officer referred to in section 58T may furnish suo motu any information available with him to the competent authority if in the opinion of the officer such information will be useful to the competent authority for the purposes of this Chapter.

Section 58T - Certain officers to assist Administrator competent authority and Appellate Tribunal

For the purposes of any proceedings under this Chapter, the following officers shall render such assistance as may be necessary to the Administrator appointed under section 58G, competent authority and the Appellate Tribunal, namely:-

1. officers of Police;

2. officers of the State Forest Departments;

3. officers of the Central Economic Intelligence Bureau;

4. officers of the Directorate of Revenue Intelligence;

5. such other officers as specified by the State Government in this behalf by notification in the Official Gazette.

Section 58U - Power to take possession

1. Where any property has been declared to be forfeited to the State Government under this Chapter, or where the person affected has failed to pay the fine due under sub-section (1) of section 58K within the time allowed therefore under sub-section (3) of that section, the competent authority may order the person affected as well as any other person who may be in possession of the property to surrender or deliver possession thereof to the Administrator appointed under section 58G or to any person duly authorised by him in this behalf within thirty days of the service of the order.

2. If any person refuses or fails to comply with an order made under sub-section (1), the Administrator may take possession of the property and may for that purpose use such force as may be necessary.

3. Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (2), the Administrator may, for the purpose of taking possession of any property referred to in sub-section (1) requisition the services of any police officer to assist him and it shall be the duty of such officer to comply with such requisition.

Section 58V - Rectification of mistakes

With a view to rectifying any mistake apparent from record, the competent authority or the Appellate Tribunal, as the case may be, may amend any order made by it within a period of one year from the date of the order:

Provided that if any such amendment is likely to affect any person prejudicially and the mistake is not of a clerical nature, it shall not be made without giving to such person a reasonable opportunity of being heard.

Section 58W - Findings under other laws not conclusive for proceedings under this Chapter

No finding of any officer or authority under any other law shall be conclusive for the purposes of any proceedings under this Chapter.

Section 58X - Service of notices and orders

Any notice or order issued or made under this Chapter shall be served,-

1. by tendering the notice or order or sending it by registered post to the person for whom it is intended or to his agent;

2. if the notice or order cannot be served in the manner provided in clause (a), then, by affixing it on a conspicuous place in the property in relation to which the notice or order is issued or made or on some conspicuous part of the premises in which the person for whom it is intended is known to have last resided or carried on business or personally worked for gain.

Section 58Y - Punishment for acquiring property in relation to which proceedings have been taken under this Chapter

Any person who knowingly acquires, by any mode whatsoever, any property in relation to which proceedings are pending under this Chapter shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to five years and with fine which may extend to fifty thousand rupees.]

Section 59 - Officers to be public servants

Every officer referred to ²⁵²[In Chapter II and the chairperson, members, member-secretary and other officers and employees referred to in Chapter IVA], ²⁵³[Chapter IVB] and every other officer exercising any of the powers conferred by this Act shall be deemed to be a public servant within the meaning of section 21 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (45 of 1860).

Section 60 - Protection of action taken in good faith

1. No suit, prosecution or other legal proceeding shall lie against any officer or other employee of the Central Government or the State Government for anything which is in good faith done or intended to be done under this Act.

2. No suit or other legal proceeding shall lie against the Central Government or the State Government or any of its officers or other employees for any damage caused or likely to be caused by anything which is in good faith done or intended to be done under this Act.

3. ²⁵⁴[No suit or other legal proceeding shall lie against the Authority referred to in Chapter IVA, ²⁵⁵[Chapter IVB] and its chairperson, members, member-secretary, officers and other employees for anything which is in good faith done or intended to be done under this Act.]

Section 60A Reward to persons

1. When a court imposes a sentence of fine or a sentence of which fine forms a part, the court may, when passing judgment, order that the reward be paid to a person who renders assistance in the detection of the offence or the apprehension of the offenders out of the proceeds of fine not exceeding ²⁵⁶[fifty per cent. of such fine].

2. When a case is compounded under section 54, the officer compounding may order reward to be paid to a person who renders assistance in the detection of the offence or the apprehension of the offenders out of the sum of money accepted by way of composition not exceeding ²⁵⁷[fifty per cent. of such money].] ²⁵⁸

Section 60B Reward by State Government

The State Government may empower the Chief Wild Life Warden to order payment of reward not exceeding ten thousand rupees to be paid to a person who renders assistance in the detection of the offence or the apprehension of the offender, from such fund and in such manner as may be prescribed.] ²⁵⁹

Section 61 - Power to alter entries in Schedules

1. The Central Government may, if it is of opinion that it is expedient so to do, by notification, ²⁶⁰[[amend any Schedule or add]²⁶¹ or delete any entry to or from any Schedule] or transfer any entry from one Part of a Schedule to another Part of the same Schedule or from one Schedule to another.

2. ²⁶²[***]

3. On the issue of a notification under sub-section (1) ²⁶³[***] the relevant Schedule shall be deemed to be altered accordingly, provided that every such alteration shall be without prejudice to anything done or omitted to be done before such alteration.

4. ²⁶⁴[***]

Section 62 - Declaration of certain wild animals to be vermin

²⁶⁵[The Central Government] may, by notification, declare any wild animal [specified in Schedule II]²⁶⁶ to be vermin for any area and for such period as may be specified therein and so long as such notification is in force, such wild animal shall be [deemed not to be included in Schedule II for such area and for such period as specified in the notification]²⁶⁷.

Section 62A Regulation or prohibition of import etc of invasive alien species

1. The Central Government may, by notification, regulate or prohibit the import, trade, possession or proliferation of invasive alien species which pose a threat to the wild life or habitat in India.

2. The Central Government may authorise the Director or any other officer to seize and dispose of, including through destruction, the species referred to in the notification issued under sub-section (1).

Section 62B Power to issue directions

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, the Central Government may call for any information or report from a State Government or any such other agency or body or issue any direction to a State Government or any such other agency or body for effective implementation of the provisions of the Act for the protection, conservation and management of wild life in the country.".]²⁶⁸

Section 63 - Power of Central Government to make rules

1. ²⁶⁹[The Central Government may, by notification, make rules for all or any of the following matters, namely:-

   1. conditions and other matters subject to which a licensee may keep any specified plant in his custody or possession under section 17F;

²⁷⁰[(ai) the term of office of members other than those who are members ex officio; the manner of filling vacancies, the procedure to be followed by the National Board under sub-section (2) and allowances of those members under sub-section (3) of section 5A;]

2. the salaries and allowances and other conditions of appointment of chairperson, members and member-secretary under sub-section (5) of section 38B;

3. the terms and conditions of service of the officers and other employees of the Central Zoo Authority under sub-section (7) of section 38B;

4. the form in which the annual statement of accounts of the Central Zoo Authority shall be prepared under sub-section (4) of section 38E;

5. the form in which and the time at which the annual reports of the Central Zoo Authority shall be prepared under section 38F;

6. the form in which and the fee required to be paid with the application for recognition of a zoo under sub-section (2) of section 38H;

7. the standards, norms and other matters to be considered for granting recognition under sub-section (4) of section 38H;

²⁷¹[(gi) qualifications and experience of experts or professionals under clause (d) of sub-section (2) of section 38-1;

(gii) the salaries and allowances and other conditions of appointment of the members under sub-section (4) of section 38M;

(giii) the terms and conditions of service of the officers and other employees of the Tiger Conservation Authority under sub-section (2) of section 38N;

(giv) the form in which the annual statement of accounts of Tiger Conservation Authority shall be prepared under sub-section (1) of section 38R;

(gv) the form in which and the time at which the annual report of Tiger Conservation Authority shall be prepared under section 38S;

(gvi) other powers of the Wild Life Crime Control Bureau under clause (ii) of sub-section (2) of section 38Z.]

²⁷²["(gvii) the manner of disposal of Government property under sub-section (5) of section 39;

(gviii) the terms and conditions of a transfer or transport of a captive elephant by a person having a valid certificate of ownership for a religious or any other purpose under the proviso to sub-section (2) of section 43;”;]

8. the form in which declaration shall be made under sub-section (2) of section 44;

9. the matters to be prescribed under clause (b) of sub-section (4) of section 44;

10. the terms and conditions which shall govern transactions referred to in clause (b) of section 48;

²⁷³["(ji) the terms and conditions of service including salaries and allowances for appointment of the officers and employees of the Management Authority under sub-section (4) of section 49E;

(jii) the conditions and procedures subject to which any exemption provided for in Article VII of the Convention may be availed under sub-section (2) of section 49H;

(jiii) the reporting of details of scheduled specimens and the transaction as per sub-section (3) of section 49H;

(jiv) the form and manner of application, the fee payable, the conditions and the procedure to be followed under sub-section (5) of section 49H;

(jv) the matters provided for in sub-sections (8) and (9) of section 49M;

(jvi) the form and manner of the application, the fee payable, the form of licence and the procedure to be followed in granting or cancelling a licence as per sub-section (2) of section 49N;

(jvii) the fee payable for renewal of licence as per sub-section (3), and manner of making appeal under sub-section (4), of section 49-O;

(jviii) any other matter for proper implementation of the Convention as may be required under Chapter VB;".]

11. the manner in which notice may be given by a person under clause (c) of section 55;

12. the matters specified in sub-section (2) of section 64 in so far as they relate to sanctuaries and National Parks declared by the Central Government.]

2. Every rule made under this section shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is made, before each House of Parliament, while it is in session, for a total period of thirty days which may be comprised in one session or in two or more successive sessions, and if before the expiry of the session immediately following the session or the successive sessions aforesaid, both Houses agree in making any modification in the rule or both Houses agree that the rule should not be made, the rule shall thereafter have effect only in such modified form or be of no effect, as the case may be; so, however, that any such modification or annulment shall be without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under that rule.

Section 64 - Power of State Government to make rules

1. The State Government may, by notification, make rules for carrying out the provisions of this Act in respect of matters which do not fall within the purview of section 63.

2. In particular and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such rules may provide for all or any of the following matters, namely:-

   1. ²⁷⁴[the term of office of members other than those who are members, ex officio, the manner of filling vacancies and the procedure to be followed by the Board under sub-section (2) of section 6;

   2. allowances referred to in sub-section (3) of section 6;]

   3. the forms to be used for any application, certificate, claim, declaration, licence, permit, registration, return or other document, made, granted, or submitted under the provisions of this Act and the fees, if any, therefore;

   4. the conditions subject to which any licence or permit may be granted under this Act;

²⁷⁵[(dd) the conditions subject to which the officers will be authorised to file cases in the court;]

5. the particulars of the record of wild animals (captured or killed) to be kept and submitted by the licensee;

²⁷⁶[(ee) the manner in which measures for immunisation of live-stock shall be taken;]

6. regulation of the possession, transfer and the sale of captive animals, meat, animal articles, trophies and uncured trophies;

7. regulation of taxidermy;

²⁷⁷[(ga) the manner and conditions subject to which the Administrator shall receive and manage the property under sub-section (2) of section 58G;

(gb) the terms and conditions of service of the Chairman and other members under sub-section (3) of section 58N;

(gc) the fund from which and the manner in which payment of reward under section 60B shall be made;]

8. any other matter which has to be, or may be, prescribed under this Act.

Section 65 - Rights of Scheduled Tribes to be protected

Nothing in this Act shall affect the hunting rights conferred on the Scheduled Tribes of the Nicobar Islands in the Union territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands by notification of the Andaman and Nicobar Administration, No.40/67/F, No.G 635, Vol. III, dated the 28th April, 1967, published at pages 1-5 of the extraordinary issue of the Andaman and Nicobar Gazette, dated the 28th April, 1967.

Section 66 - Repeal and savings

1. As from the commencement of this Act, every other Act relating to any matter contained in this Act and in force in a State shall, to the extent to which that Act or any provision contained therein corresponds, or is repugnant, to this Act or any provision contained in this Act, stand repealed:

Provided that such repeal shall not,-

1. affect the previous operation of the Act so repealed, or anything duly done or suffered thereunder;

2. affect any right, privilege, obligation or liability acquired, accrued or incurred under the Act so repealed;

3. affect any penalty, forfeiture or punishment incurred in respect of any offence committed against the Act so repealed; or

4. affect any investigation, legal proceeding or remedy in respect of any such right, privilege, obligation, liability, penalty, forfeiture, or punishment as aforesaid,

and any such investigation, legal proceeding or remedy may be instituted, continued or enforced, and any such penalty, forfeiture and punishment may be imposed, as if the aforesaid Act had not been repealed.

2. Notwithstanding such repeal,-

   1. anything done or any action taken under the Act so repealed (including any notification, order, certificate, notice or receipt issued, application made, or permit granted) which is not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, be deemed to have been done or taken under the corresponding provisions of this Act as if this Act were in force at the time such thing was done or action was taken, and shall continue to be in force, unless and until superseded by anything done or any action taken under this Act;

   2. every licence granted under any Act so repealed and in force immediately before the commencement of this Act shall be deemed to have been granted under the corresponding provisions of this Act and shall, subject to the provisions of this Act, continue to be in force for the unexpired portion of the period for which such licence had been granted.

3. For the removal of doubts, it is hereby declared that any sanctuary or National Park declared by a State Government under any Act repealed under sub-section (1) shall be deemed to be a sanctuary or National Park, as the case may be, declared by the State Government under this Act and where any right in or over any land in any such National Park which had not been extinguished under the said Act, at or before the commencement of this Act, the extinguishment of such rights shall be made in accordance with the provisions of this Act.

4. ²⁷⁸[For the removal of doubts, it is hereby further declared that where any proceeding under any provision of sections 19 to 25 (both inclusive) is pending on the date of commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) (Amendment) Act, 1991 any reserve forest or a part of territorial waters comprised within a sanctuary declared under section 18 to be a sanctuary before the date of such commencement shall be deemed to be a sanctuary declared under section 26A.]

SCHEDULE-I

²⁷⁹[SCHEDULE — I

(See sections 9, 11, 12, 38-I, 39, 40, 40A, 41, 42, 42A, 43, 48, 48A, 50, 51, 51A and 57 and Chapter V-A)

	PARTA: MAMMALS
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
	ANTELOPES
1.	Blackbuck	Antilope cervicapra
2.	Chinkara/Indian Gazelle	Gazella bennettii
3.	Four-horned Antelope	Tetracerus quadricornis
4.	Tibetan Antelope	Pantholops hodgsonii
5.	Tibetan Gazelle	Procapra picticaudata
	BADGERS
6.	Greater Hog Badger	Arctonyx collaris
7.	Northern Hog Badger	Arctonyx albogularis
8.	Ratel / Honey Badger	Mellivora capensis
	BATS
9.	Andaman Horseshoe Bat	Rhinolophus cognatus
10.	Black-eared Flying Fox	Pteropus melanotus
11.	Leafletted Leaf-nosed Bat / Kolar Leafnosed Bat	Hipposideros hypophyllus
12.	Nicobar Flying Fox	Pteropus faunulus
13.	Salim Ali's Fruit Bat	Latidens salimalii
14.	Wroughton's Free tailed Bat	Otomops wroughtoni
	BEARS
15.	Asiatic Black Bear	Ursus thibetanus
16.	Brown Bear	Ursus arctos
17.	Sun Bear	Helarctos malayanus
18.	Sloth Bear	Melursus ursinus
	BINTURONG
19.	Binturong	Arctictis binturong
	CANIDS
20.	Asiatic Wild Dog/Dhole	Cuon alpinus
21.	Grey Wolf	Canis lupus
22.	Jackal	Canis aureus
	CAPRINES
23.	Argali/Nayan/Great Tibetan Sheep	Ovis ammon
24.	Bharal/Blue Sheep	Pseudois nayaur
25.	Chinese Goral	Naemorhedus griseus
26.	Himalayan Goral	Naemorhedus goral
27.	Himalayan Serow	Capricornis sumatrenis
28.	Markhor	Capra falconeri
29.	Red Goral	Naemorhedus baileyi
30.	Red Serow	Capricornis rubidus
31.	Siberian/Asiatic/Himalayan Ibex	Capra sibirica
32.	Takin	Budorcas taxicolor
33.	Urial	Ovis vignei
	CATS
34.	Asiatic Golden Cat	Catopuma temminckii
35.	Asiatic Lion	Panthera leo persica
36.	Caracal	Caracal caracal
37.	Cheetah	Acinonyx jubatus
38.	Clouded Leopard	Neofelis nebulosa
39.	Desert Cat	Felis silvestris
40.	Eurasian Lynx	Lynx lynx
41.	Fishing Cat	Prionailurus viverrinus
42.	Jungle Cat	Felis chaus
43.	Leopard	Panthera pardus
44.	Leopard Cat	Prionailurus bengalensis
45.	Marbled Cat	Pardofelis marmorata
46.	Pallas’s Cat	Otocolobus manul
47.	Rusty Spotted Cat	Prionailurus rubiginosus
48.	Snow Leopard	Panthera uncia
49.	Tiger	Panthera tigris
	CIVETS
50.	Asian Palm Civet	Paradoxurus hermaphroditus
51.	Jerdon’s Palm Civet	Paradoxurus jerdoni
52.	Large Indian Civet	Viverra zibetha
53.	Malabar Large-spotted Civet	Viverra civettina
54.	Masked Palm Civet	Paguma larvata
55.	Small Indian Civet	Viverricula indica
56.	Small-toothed Palm Civet	Arctogalidia trivirgata
	DEER
57.	Alpine Musk Deer	Moschus chrysogaster
58.	Black Musk Deer	Moschus fuscus
59.	Himalayan Musk Deer	Moschus leucogaster
60.	Hog Deer	Axis porcinus
61.	Indian Chevrotain/Mouse Deer	Moschiola indica
62.	Kashmir Musk Deer	Moschus cupreus
63.	Kashmir Red Deer / Hangul	Cervus hangul
64.	Manipur Brow-antlered Deer/Thamin	Rucervus eldii eldii
65.	Sambar	Rusa unicolor
66.	Swamp Deer/ Barasingha	Rucervus duvaucelii
67.	Northern Red Muntjak	Muntiacus vaginalis
68.	Leaf Muntjak	Muntiacus putaoensis
69.	Malabar Red Muntjak	Muntiacus malabaricus
	DOLPHINS
70.	Fraser’s Dolphin	Lagenodelphis hosei
71.	Gangetic/South Asian River Dolphin	Platanista gangetica
72.	Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphin	Tursiops aduncus
73.	Indo-Pacific hump-back Dolphin	Sousa chinensis
74.	Indus River Dolphin	Platanista minor
75.	Irrawady Dolphin	Orcaella brevirostris
76.	Pantropical Spinner Dolphin	Stenella longirostris
77.	Pantropical Spotted Dolphin	Stenella attenuate
78.	Risso’s Dolphin	Grampus griseus
79.	Rough-toothéd Dolphin	Steno bredanensis
80.	Short-beaked Saddleback Dolphin / Common Dolphin	Delphinus delphis
81.	Striped Dolphin	Stenella coeruleoalba
	DUGONG
82.	Dugong/ Sea Cow	Dugong dugon
	ELEPHANT
83.	Asiatic Elephant	Elephas maximus
	FOXES
84.	Bengal Fox	Vulpes bengalensis
85.	Red Fox	Vulpes vulpes
86.	Tibetan Sand Fox	Vulpes ferrilata
	HARES
87.	Hispid Hare	Caprolagus hispidus
	HOGS
88.	Pygmy Hog	Porcula salvinia
	HYAENA
89.	Striped Hyaena	Hyaena hyaena
	LINSANG
90.	Spotted Linsang	Prionodon pardicolor
	MARMOTS
91.	Himalayan Marmot	Marmota himalayana
92.	Long-tailed Marmot	Marmota caudata
	MARTENS
93.	Nilgiri Marten	Martes gwatkinsii
94.	Stone/Beech Marten	Martes foina
95.	Himalayan Yellow-throated Marten	Martes flavigula
	MONGOOSES
96.	Small Indian Mongoose	Urva auropunctata
97.	Grey Mongoose	Urva edwardsii
98.	Brown Mongoose	Urva fuscu
99.	Javan Mongoose	Urva javanica
100.	Ruddy Mongoose	Urva smithii
101.	Crab-eating Mongoose	Urva urva
102.	Stripe-necked Mongoose	Urva vitticolla
	OTTERS
103.	Eurasian Otter	Lutra lutra
104.	Oriental Small-clawed Otter	Aonyx cinerea
105.	Smooth-coated Otter	Lutrogale perspicillata
	OTHER RODENTS
106.	Bonhote’s Mouse	Mus famulus
107.	Nilgiri Vandeleuria / Nilgiri Long-tailed Tree Mouse	Vandeleuria nilagirica
108.	Large Rock Rat / Elvira Rat	Cremnomys Elvira
109.	Hume’s Hadromys / Hume’s Rat	Hadromys humei
110.	Large Metad / Kondana Rat	Millardia kondana
111.	Miller’s Nicobar Rat	Rattus burrus
112.	Ranjini’s Rat	Rattus ranjiniae
	PANGOLINS
113.	Indian Pangolin	Manis crassicaudata
114.	Chinese Pangolin	Manis pentadactyla
	PIG
115.	Andaman Wild Pig	Sus scrofa andamanensis
	PIKA
116.	Royle's Pika	Ochotona roylei
	PORPOISE
117.	Finless Porpoise	Neophocaena phocaenoides
	PORCUPINES
118.	Asiatic Brush-tailed Porcupine	Atherurus macrourus
119.	Himalayan Crestless Porcupine	Hystrix brachyura
120.	Indian Porcupine	Hystrix indica
	PRIMATES
121.	Arunachal Macaque	Macaca munzala
122.	Assamese Macaque	Macaca assamensis
123.	Bengal Slow Loris	Nycticebus bengalensis
124.	Black-footed Gray Langur	Semnopithecus hypoleucos
125.	Bonnet Macaque	Macaca radiata
126.	Capped Langur	Trachypithecus pileatus
127.	Gee’s Golden Langur	Trachypithecus geei
128.	Gray Slender Loris	Loris lydekkerianus
129.	Hoolock Gibbon	Hoolock hoolock
130.	Kashmir Gray Langur	Semnopithecus ajax
131.	Lion-Tailed Macaque	Macaca Silenus
132.	Nepal Gray Langur	Semnopithecus schistaceus
133.	Nicobar Long-tailed Macaque	Macaca fascicularis umbrosus
134.	Nilgiri Langur	Semnopithecus johnii
135.	Northern Pig-tailed Macaque	Macaca leonine
136.	Phayre's Leaf Monkey	Trachypithecus phayrei
137.	Sela macaque	Macaca selai
138.	Stump-tailed macaque	Macaca arctoides
139.	Tarai Gray Langur	Semnopithecus hector
140.	Tufted Gray Langur	Semnopithecus priam
141.	White-cheeked Macaque	Macaca leucogenys
	RED PANDA
142.	Himalaya Reg@ Panda	Ailurus fulgens
143.	Chinese Red Panda	Ailurus styani
	RHINOCEROS
144.	Indian/Greater One-horned Rhinoceros	Rhinoceros unicornis
	SQUIRRELS
145.	Hairy-footed Flying Squirrel	Belomys pearsonii
146.	Namdhapa Flying Squirrel	Biswamoyopterus biswasi
147.	Woolly Flying Squirrels	All species of the Genus Eupetaurus
148.	Giant Flying Squirrels	All species of the Genus Petaurista
149.	Malabar/Indian Giant Squirrel	Ratufa indica
150.	Malayan Giant Squirrel	Ratufa bicolor
151.	Grizzled Giant Squirrel	Ratufa macroura
152.	Travancore Flying Squirrel	Petinomys fuscocapillus
	SHREWS
153.	Andaman Shrew	Crocidura andamanensis
154.	Day's Shrew	Suncus dayi
	TAHRS
155.	Himalayan Tahr	Hemitragus jemlahicus
156.	NilgiriT ahr	Nilgiritragus hylocrius
	TREESHREWS
157.	Nicobar Treeshrew	Tupaia nicobarica
	WHALES
158.	Common Minke Whale	Balaenoptera acutorostrata
159.	Sei Whale	Balaenoptera borealis
160.	Bryde’s Whale	Balaenoptera edeni
161.	Blue Whale	Balaenoptera musculus
162.	Fin Whale	Balaenoptera physalus
163.	Humpback Whale	Megaptera novaeangliae
164.	Pygmy Killer Whale	Feresa attenuate
165.	Short-finned Pilot Whale	Globicephala macrorhynchus
166.	Killer Whale	Orcinus orca
167.	Melon-headed Whale	Peponocephala electra
168.	False Killer Whale	Pseudorca crassidens
169.	Sperm Whale/Cachalot	Physeter macrocephalus
170.	Pygmy Sperm Whale	Kogia breviceps
171.	Dwarf Sperm Whale	Kogia sima
172.	Blainville’s Beaked Whale	Mesoplodon densirostris
173.	Ginkgo-toothed Beaked Whale	Mesoplodon ginkgodens
174.	Cuvier’s Beaked Whale	Ziphius cavirostris
	WILD CATTLE
175.	Gaur/Indian Bison	Bos gaurus
176.	Wild Yak	Bos mutus
177.	Wild Water Buffalo	Bubalus arnee
	WILD ASS
178.	Indian Wild Ass	Equus hemionus
179.	Tibetan Wild Ass	Equus kiang
	WEASELS
180.	Mountain Weasel	Mustela altaica
181.	Siberian Weasel	Mustela sibirica
182.	Yellow-bellied Weasel	Mustela kathiah
183.	Ermine or Short-tailed Weasel	Mustela erminea

	PARTA: MAMMALS
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
	ANTELOPES
1.	Andaman Barn Owl	Tyto deroepstorffi
2.	Common Barn Owl	Tyto alba
	BITTERNS, HERONS AND EGRETS
3.	Cinnamon Bittern	Ixobrychus cinnamomeus
4.	White-bellied Heron	Ardea insignis
5.	White-eared Night Heron	Gorsachius magnificus
	BUNTINGS
6.	Yellow-breasted Bunting	Emberiza aureola
	BUSTARDS
7.	Bengal Florican	Houbaropsis bengalensis
8.	Great Indian Bustard	Ardeotis nigriceps
9.	Lesser Florican	Sypheotides indicus
10.	Little Bustard	Tetrax tetrax
11.	Macqueen's Bustard	Chlamydotis macqueenii
	CISTICOLAS, PRINIAS, AND ALLIES
12.	Grey-crowned Prinia	Prinia cinereocapilla
13.	Rufous-fronted Prinia	Prinia buchanani
	COURSERS AND PRATINCOLES
14.	Indian Courser	Cursorius coromandelicus
15.	Jerdon's Courser	Rhinoptilus bitorquatus
	CRANES
16.	Black-necked Crane	Grus nigricollis
17.	Common Crane	Grus grus
18.	Demoiselle Crane	Grus virgo
19.	Hooded Crane	Grus monachal
20.	Sarus Crane	Antigone Antigone
21.	Siberian Crane	Leucogeranus leucogeranus
	CROWS AND ALLIES
22.	Andaman Treepie	Dendrocitta bayleii
	DUCKS, GEESE, AND SWANS
23.	Andaman Teal	Anas albogularis
24.	Baer's Pochard	Aythya baeri
25.	Common Pochard	Aythya ferina
26.	Cotton Pygmy Goose	Nettapus coromandelianus
27.	Fulvous Whistling Duck	Dendrocygna bicolor
28.	Marbled Teal	Marmaronetta angustirostris
29.	Pink-headed Duck	Rhodonessa caryophyllacea
30.	White-headed Duck	Oxyura leucocephala
31.	White-winged Wood Duck	Asarcornis scutulata
	FALCONS
32.	Amur Falcon	Falco amurensis
33.	Laggar Falcon	Falco jugger
34.	Peregrine Falcon	Falco peregrinus
35.	Red-necked Falcon	Falco chicquera
36.	Saker Falcon	Falco cherrug
	FINFOOTS
37.	Masked Finfoot	Heliopais personatus
	FLYCATCHERS, CHATS AND ALLIES.
38.	Chinese Rubythroat	Calliope tschebaiewi
39.	Hodgson's Bushchat	Saxicola insignis
40.	Kashmir Flycatcher	Ficedula subrubra
41.	Large Blue Flycatcher	Cyornis magnirostris
42.	Nilgiri Sholakili	Sholicola major
43.	White-bellied Sholakili	Sholicola albiventris
	FRIGATEBIRDS
44.	Christmas Island Frigatebird	Fregata andrewsi
	FROGMOUTHS
45.	Hodgson's Frogmouth	Batrachostomus hodgsoni
46.	Sri Lanka Frogmouth	Batrachostomus moniliger
	GULLS AND TERNS
47.	Black-bellied Tern	Sterna acuticauda
48.	Gull-billed Tern	Gelochelidon nilotica
49.	Indian Skimmer	Rynchops albicollis
50.	River Tern	Sterna aurantia
	HORNBILLS
51.	Austen's Brown Hornbill	Anorrhinus austeni
52.	Great Hornbill	Buceros bicornis
53.	Malabar Grey Hornbill	Ocyceros griseus
54.	Malabar Pied Hornbill	Anthracoceros coronatus
55.	Narcondam Hornbill	Rhyticeros narcondami
56.	Oriental Pied Hornbill	Anthracoceros albirostris
57.	Rufous-necked Hornbill	Aceros nipalensis
58.	Wreathed Hornbill	Rhyticeros undulatus
	IBISBILL
59.	Eurasian Spoonbill	Platalea leucorodia
60.	Ibisbill	Ibidorhyncha struthersii
	KINGFISHERS
61.	Blyth's Kingfisher	Alcedo Hercules
	KITES, HAWKS, EAGLES AND VULTURES
62.	Andaman Serpent Eagle	Spilornis elgini
63.	Bearded Vulture	Gypaetus barbatus
64.	Besra	Accipiter virgatus
65.	Black Baza	Aviceda leuphotes
66.	Black Eagle	Ictinaetus malaiensis
67.	Bonelli's Eagle	Aquila fasciata
68.	Booted Eagle	Hieraaetus pennatus
69.	Brahminy Kite	Haliastur indus
70.	Changeable Hawk Eagle	Nisaetus cirrhatus
71.	Chinese Sparrowhawk	Accipiter soloensis
72.	Cuinereous Vulture	Aegypius monachus
73.	Common Buzzard	Buteo buteo
74.	Crested Goshawk	Accipiter trivirgatus
75.	Crested Serpent Eagle	Spilornis cheela
76.	Eastern Imperial Eagle	Aquila heliacal
77.	Eastern Marsh Harrier	Circus spilonotus
78.	Egyptian Vulture	Neophron percnopterus
79.	Eurasian Sparrowhawk	Accipiter nisus
80.	Golden Eagle	Aquila chrysaetos
81.	Greater Spotted Eagle	Clanga clanga
82.	Grey-faced Buzzard	Butastur indicus
83.	Grey-headed Fish Eagle	Haliaeetus ichthyaetus
84.	Griffon Vulture	Gyps fulvus
85.	Hen Harrier	Circus cyaneus
86.	Himalayan Buzzard	Buteo refectus
87.	Himalayan Vulture	Gyps himalayensis
88.	Indian Spotted Eagle	Clanga hastata
89.	Indian Vulture	Gyps indicus
90.	Japanese Sparrowhawk	Accipiter gularis
91.	Jerdon's Baza	Aviceda jerdoni
92.	Lesser Fish Eagle	Icthyophaga humilis
93.	Long-legged Buzzard	Buteo rufinus
94.	Montagu's Harrier	Circus pygargus
95.	Mountain Hawk Eagle	Nisaetus nipalensis
96.	Nicobar Serpent Eagle	Spilornis klossi
97.	Nicobar Sparrowhawk	Accipiter butleri
98.	Northern Goshawk	Accipiter gentilis
99.	Pallas's Fish Eagle	Haliaeetus leucoryphus
100.	Pallid Harrier	Circus macrourus
101.	Pied Harrier	Circus melanoleucos
102.	Red Kite	Milvus milvus
103.	Red-headed Vulture	Sarcogyps calvus
104.	Rufous-bellied Eagle	Lophotriorchis kienerii
105.	Shikra	Accipiter badius
106.	Short-toed Snake Eagle	Circaetus gallicus
107.	Slender-billed Vulture	Gyps tenuirostris
108.	Steppe Eagle	Aquila nipalensis
109.	Tawny Eagle	Aquila rapax
110.	Upland Buzzard	Buteo hemilasius
111.	Western Marsh Harrier	Circus aeruginosus
112.	White-bellied Sea Eagle	Haliaeetus leucogaster
113.	White-eyed Buzzard	Butastur teesa
114.	White-rumped Vulture	Gyps bengalensis
115.	White-tailed Sea Eagle	Haliaeetus albicilla
	LAUGHINGTHRUSHES AND LARGE BABBLERS
116.	Ashambu Laughingthrush	Montecincla meridionalis
117.	Banasura Laughingthrush	Montecincla jerdoni
118.	Bar-winged Wren Babbler	Spelaeornis troglodytoides
119.	Brown-capped Laughingthrush	Trochalopteron austeni
120.	Bugun Liocichla	Liocichla bugunorum
121.	Chestnut-backed Laughingthrush	Pterorhinus nuchalis
122.	Grey-sided Laughingthrush	Pterorhinus caerulatus
123.	Jerdon's Babbler	Chrysomma altirostre
124.	Moustached Laughingthrush	Tanthocincla cineracea
125.	Nilgiri Laughingthrush	Montecincla cachinnans
126.	Sikkim Wedge-billed Babbler	Stachyris humei
127.	Slender-billed Babbler	Argya longirostris
128.	Snowy-throated Babbler	Stachyris oglei
129.	Tawny-breasted Wren Babbler	Spelaeornis longicaudatus
	LOCUSTELLA WARBLERS AND ALLIES
130.	Bristled Grassbird	Schoenicola striatus
131.	Broad-tailed Grassbird	Schoenicola platyurus
132.	West Himalayan Bush Warbler	Locustella kashmirensis
	MEGAPODES
133.	Nicobar Megapode	Megapodius nicobariensis
	MINIVETS AND CUCKOOSHRIKES
134.	Small Minivet	Pericrocotus cinnamomeus
	MUNIAS
135.	Green Munia	Amandava Formosa
	NUTHATCHES
136.	Beautiful Nuthatch	Sitta Formosa
	OSPREY
137.	Osprey	Pandion haliaetus
	OWLS
138.	Brown Fish Owl	Ketupa zeylonensis
139.	Brown Wood Owl	Strix leptogrammica
140.	Buffy Fish Owl	Ketupa ketupu
141.	Eurasian Eagle Owl	Bubo bubo
142.	Forest Owlet	Athene blewitti
143.	Indian Eagle Owl	Bubo bengalensis
144.	Mottled Wood Owl	Strix ocellata
145.	Northern Long-eared Owl	Asio otus
146.	Short-eared Owl	Asio flammeus
147.	Spot-bellied Eagle Owl	Bubo nipalensis
148.	Tawny Fish Owl	Ketupa flavipes
	PARROTBILLS AND ALLIES
149.	Black-breasted Parrotbill	Paradoxornis flavirostris
	PARROTS & PARAKEETS
150.	Lord Derby's Parakeet	Psittacula derbiana
151.	Red-breasted Parakeet	Psittacula alexandri
	PARTRIDGES, QUAILS, AND PHEASANTS
152.	Blood Pheasant	Ithaginis cruentus
153.	Blyth's Tragopan	Tragopan blythii
154.	Cheer Pheasant	Catreus wallichii
155.	Chestnut-breasted Partridge	Arborophila mandellii
156.	Green Peafowl	Pavo muticus
157.	Grey Junglefowl	Gallus sonneratii
158.	Grey Peacock Pheasant	Polyplectron bicalcaratum
159.	Himalayan Monal	Lophophorus impejanus
160.	Himalayan Quail	Ophrysia superciliosa
161.	Indian Peafowl	Pavo cristatus
162.	Kalij Pheasant	Lophura leucomelanos
163.	Manipur Bush Quail	Perdicula manipurensis
164.	Mountain Bamboo Partridge	Bambusicola fytchii
165.	Mrs Hume's Pheasant	Syrmaticus humiae
166.	Satyr Tragopan	Tragopan satyra
167.	Sclater's Monal	Lophophorus sclateri
168.	Swamp Francolin	Francolinus gularis
169.	Temmuinck's Tragopan	Tragopan temminckii
170.	Tibetan Ear Pheasant	Crossoptilon harmani
171.	Tibetan Partridge	Perdix hodgsoniae
172.	Tibetan Snowcock	Tetraogallus tibetanus
173.	Western Tragopan	Tragopan melanocephalus
	PIGEONS AND DOVES
174.	Andaman Green Pigeon	Treron chloropterus
175.	Nicobar Pigeon	Caloenas nicobarica
176.	Nilgiri Wood Pigeon	Columba elphinstonii
177.	Pale-capped Pigeon	Columba punicea
178.	Yellow-eyed Pigeon	Columba eversmanni
	PIPITS AND WAGTAILS
179.	Forest Wagtail	Dendronanthus indicus
180.	Nilgiri Pipit	Anthus nilghiriensis
	PLOVERS AND LAPWINGS
181.	Pacific Golden Plover	Pluvialis fulva
182.	Sociable Lapwing	Vanellus gregarious
	SANDPIPERS
183.	Common Greenshank	Tringa nebularia
184.	Great Knot	Calidris tenuirostris
185.	Spoon-billed Sandpiper	Calidris pygmaea
186.	Wood Snipe	Gallinago nemoricola
	SCIMITAR BABBLERS AND ALLIES
187.	Mishmi Wren Babbler	Spelaeornis badeigularis
188.	Naga Wren Babbler	Spelaeornis chocolatinus
	SMALL BABBLERS, FULVETTAS AND ALLIES
189.	Marsh Babbler	Pellorneum palustre
190.	Rufous-vented Grass Babbler	Laticilla burnesii
191.	Swamp Grass Babbler	Laticilla cinerascens
	STARLINGS AND MYNA
192.	Common Hill Myna	Gracula religiosa
193.	Southern Hill Myna	Gracula indica
	STORKS
194.	Greater Adjutant	Leptoptilos dubius
195.	Lesser Adjutant	Leptoptilos javanicus
196.	White Stork	Ciconia Ciconia
	SWIFTS
197.	Crested Treeswift	Hemiprocne coronate
198.	Dark-rumped Swift	Apus acuticauda
199.	Glossy Swiftlet	Collocalia esculenta
200.	Indian Swiftlet	Aerodramus unicolor
	THRUSHES AND ALLIES
201.	Nilgiri Thrush	Zoothera neilgherriensis
	TROGONS
202.	Ward's Trogon	Harpactes wardi
	TITS
203.	White-naped Tit	Machlolophus nuchalis
	WEAVERS
204.	Finn's Weaver	Ploceus megarhynchus
	WOODPE€KERS AND ALLIES
205.	Andaman Woodpecker	Dryocopus hodgei
206.	Great Slaty Woodpecker	Mulleripicus pulverulentus
207.	Heart-spotted Woodpecker	Hemicircus canente
208.	Yellow-crowned Woodpecker	Leiopicus mahrattensis

	PART C: REPTILES
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
	BOAS
1.	Red Sand Boa	Eryx johnii
2.	Whitaker’s Boa	Eryx whitakeri
	CROCODILES
3.	Gharial	Gavialis gangeticus
4.	Marsh Crocodile	Crocodylus palustris
5.	Saltwater Crocodile	Crocodylus porosus
	CHAMELEON
6.	Indian Chameleon	Chamaeleo zeylanicus
	GECKOS
7.	Andaman Giant gecko	Gekko verreauxi
8.	Bangalore Geckoella	Cyrtodactylus srilekhae
9.	Horsfield's Gliding Gecko	Gekko horsfieldii
10.	Indian Golden Gecko	Calodactylodes aureus
11.	Jeypore Ground Gecko	Cyrtodactylus jeyporensis
12.	Leopard Geckos / Eyelid Geckos	All species of the Genus Eublepharis
13.	Nicobar Gliding Gecko	Gekko nicobarensis
14.	Rishi Valley Geckoella	Rishi Valley Geckoella
15.	Smith's Green-eyed Gecko	Gekko smithii
16.	Smooth-backed Gliding Gecko	Gekko lionotum
17.	Tokay Gecko	Gekko gecko
	KING COBRA
18.	Indian Cobras	All species of the Genus Naja
19.	King Cobra	All species of the Genus Ophiophagus
	LIZARDS
20.	Indian Spiny Tailed Lizard	Saara hardwickii
	MONITORS
21.	Bengal Monitor	Varanus bengalensis
22.	Desert Monitor	Varanus griseus
23.	Water Monitor	Varanus salvator
24.	Yellow Monitor	Varanus flavescens
	OTHER SNAKES
25.	Checkered Keelback	Fowlea piscator
26.	Dhaman or Indian Rat Snake	Ptyas mucosa
27.	Dog-faced Water Snake	Cerberus rynchops
28.	Indian Egg Eating Snake	Boiga westermanni
29.	Olive Keelback Water Snake	Atretium schistosum
30.	Russell’s Viper	Daboia russelii
	PYTHONS
31.	Pythons	All species of the Genus Python
32.	Reticulated Python	Malayopython reticulates
	TURTLES & TORTOISES
33.	Amboina Box Turtle	Cuora amboinensis
34.	Asian Giant Softshell Turtle	Pelochelys cantorii
35.	Asian Giant Tortoise	Manouria emys
36.	Asiatic Softshell Turtle	Amyda cartilaginea
37.	Assam Roofed Turtle	Pangshura sylhetensis.
38.	Black Softshell Turtle	Nilssonia nigricans
39.	Cochin Forest Cane Turtle	Vijayachelys sylvatica
40.	Crowned River Turtle	Hardella thurjii
41.	Green Sea Turtle	Chelonia mydas
42.	Hawksbill Turtle	Eretmochelys imbricata
43.	Indian Eyed Turtle	Morenia peters
44.	Indian Flap Shell Turtle	Lissemys punctata
45.	Indian Narrow-headed Softshell Turtle	Chitra indica
46.	Indian Roofed Turtle	- Pangshura tecta
47.	Indian Softshell Turtle	Nilssonia gangetica
48.	Indian Star Tortoise	Geochelone elegans
49.	Indian Tent Turtle	Pangshura tentoria
50.	Keeled box Turtle	Cuora mouhotii
51.	Leatherback Turtle	Dermochelys coriacea
52.	Leith’s Softshell Turtle	Nilssonia leithii
53.	Loggerhead Turtle	Caretta caretta
54.	Northern River Terrapin	Batagur baska
55.	Olive Ridley Sea Turtle	Lepidochelys olivacea
56.	Peacock Softshell Turtle	Nilssonia hurum
57.	Red-crowned Roofed Turtle	Batagur kachuga
58.	Sal forest Tortoise	Indotestudo elongate
59.	Spotted Pond Turtle	Geoclemys hamiltonii
60.	Three-striped Roofed Turtle	Batagur dhongoka
61.	Travancore Tortoise	Indotestudo travancorica
62.	Tricarinate Hill Turtle	Melanochelys tricarinata

	PART D: AMPHIBIANS
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
1.	Crocodile Newt	Tylototriton verrucosus
2.	Himalayan Salamander	Tylototriton himalayanus
3.	Koyna Toad	Koyna Toad
4.	Purple Frogs	All species of the Genus Nasikabatrachus

	PART E: FISHES
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
	GROUPER
1.	Giant Grouper	Epinephelus lanceolatus
	SEAHORSES
2.	Seahorses and Pipefishes	All species in the Family Syngnathidae
	RAYS
3.	Bottlenose Wedgefish	Rhynchobatus australiae
4.	Bowmouth Guitarfish	Rhina ancylostoma
5.	Clubnose Guitarfish	Glaucostegus thouin
6.	Ganges Stingray	Himantura fluviatilis
7.	Giant Freshwater Whipray	Urogymnus polylepis
8.	Giant Guitarfish	Rhynchobatus djiddensis
9.	Giant Manta	Mobula birostris
10.	Porcupine Whipray	Urogymnus asperrimus
11.	Reef Manta	Mobula alfredi
12.	Smoothnose Wedgefish	Rhynchobatus laevis
13.	Widenose Guitarfish	Glaucostegus obtusus
	SAWFISHES
14.	Common sawfish	Pristis pristis
15.	Dwarf sawfish	Pristis clavate
16.	Green Sawfish	Pristis zijsron
17.	Narrow Sawfish	Anoxypristis cuspidate
	SHARKS
18.	Gangetic Shark	Glyphis gangeticus
19.	Pondicherry Shark	Carcharhinus hemiodon
20.	Whale Shark	Rhincodon typus

	PART F: ECHINODERMATA
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
1.	Sea Cucumber	All species of the Class Holothuroidea

	PART G: MOLLUSCA
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
	CLAMS
1.	Fluted Giant Clam	Tridacna squamosa
2.	Horse's Hoof Clam	Hippopus hippopus
3.	Small Giant Clam	Tridacna maxima
	CONES
4.	Glory of India	Conus milneedwardsi
	HELMET SHELLS
5.	Homed Helmet Shell/King Shell	Nautilus pompilius
	SHELLS
6.	Triton's Trumpet shell	Charonia tritonis
	SPIRALS
7.	Bull Mouth Helmet/Queenshell	Cypraecassis rufa
	TRUMPETS
8.	Triton's Trumpet shell	Charonia tritonis
	SPIRALS
9.	Spiral Tudicla	Tudicla spirillus

	PART H: ARTHROPODS (OTHER THAN INSECTS)
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
1.	Coconut or Robber Crab	Birgus latro

	PART I: BUTTERFLIES (LEPIDOPTERA)
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
1.	Andaman Tailless Oakblue	Arhopala zeta
2.	Blue Posy	Drupadia scaeva
3.	Broad-banded Brilliant	Simiskina phalena
4.	Cachar Mandarine Blue	Charana cepheis
5.	Chapman’s Hedge Blue	Notarthrinus binghami
6.	Chestnut-and-black Royal	Tajuria yajna
7.	Chinese Hairstreak	Amblopala avidiena
8.	Chocolate Bushblue	Arhopala ariel
9.	Comic Oakblue	Arhopala comica
10.	Ferrar’s Cerulean	Jamides Ferrari
11.	Ferruginous Hairstreak	Ahlbergia leechii
12.	Great Brownie	Gerydus symethus
13.	Great Darkie	Allotinus drumila
14.	Hybrid Sapphire	Heliophorus hybrida
15.	Kanara Oakblue	Arhopala alea
16.	Mackwood’s Hairstreak	Strymon mackwoodt
17.	Moth Butterfly	Liphyra brassolis
18.	Naga Hedge Blue	Oreolyce dohertyi
19.	Opal Oakblue	Arhopala opaline
20.	Paona Hairstreak	Shirozuozephyrus paona
21.	Peacock Hairstreak	Euaspa pavo
22.	Plain Tailless Oakblue	Arhopala asopia
23.	Purple-brown Tailless Oakblue	Arhopala arvina
24.	Tytler’s Dull Oakblue	Arhopala ace
25.	Watson’s Hairstreak	Thecla letha
26.	Watson’s Mottle	Logania watsoniana
	Family	Nymphalidae
27.	Andaman King Crow	Euploea midamus roepstorffi
28.	Bamboo Tree Brown	Lethe europa .
29.	Banded Duffer	Discophora deo
30.	Bhutan Sergeant	Athyma jina
31.	Bhutan Treebrown	Lethe margaritae
32.	Blue Baron	Euthalia telchinia
33.	Blue Begam	Prothoe franck regalis
34.	Blue Duke	Euthalia durga
35.	Blue Nawab	Polyura Schreiber
36.	Branded Yeoman	Algia fasciata
37.	Camberwell Beauty	Nymphalis antiopa yedanula
38.	Chestnut Rajah	Charaxes durnfordi
39.	Common Duffer	Discophora sondaica
40.	Dark Wall	Lasiommata menava
41.	Dismal Mystic	Lethe ocellata
42.	Dull Forester	Lethe guinihal
43.	Eastern Courtier	Sophisa Chandra
44.	Empress	Sasakia funebris
45.	Freak	Calinaga buddha
46.	Fuliginous Sailer	Neptis ebusa ebusa
47.	Golden Emperor	Diilpa morgiana
48.	Grand Duke	Euthalia iva
49.	Hockeystick Sailer	Neptis nycteus
50.	Hockeystick Sailer	Phaedyma Aspasia
51.	Malay Staff Sergeant	Athyma reta moorei
52.	Malayan Nawab	Polyura moori sandakana
53.	Manipur Fivering	Ypthima persimilis
54.	Mottled Argus	Loxerebia narasingha
55.	Naga Duke	Euthalia curvifascia
56.	Northern Jungle Queen	Stichophthalma camadeva
57.	Orchid Tit	Chlioria othona
58.	Pallid Forester	Lethe satyavati
59.	Peal’s Palmfly	Elymnias peali
60.	Pointed Palmfly	Elymnias penaga
61.	Purple Bushbrown	Mycalesis orseis
62.	Scarce Blue Tiger	Tirumala Gautama
63.	Scarce Catseye	Coelites nothis
64.	Scarce Jester	Symbrenthia silana
65.	Scarce Lilacfork	Lethe dura
66.	Scarce Red Forester	Lethe distans
67.	Scarce Siren	Hestina nicevillei
68.	Scarce White Commodore	Sumalia Zulema
69.	Single Silverstripe	Lethe ramadeva
70.	Spotted Black Crow	Euploea crameri
71.	Tawny Emperor	Chitoria ulupi
72.	Tytler’s Emperor	Eulaceura manipurensis
73.	Tytler’s Treebrown	Lethe gemina
74.	White Emperor	Helcyra hemina
75.	White Spot Fritilliary	Argynnis hegmone
	Family	Papilionidae
76.	Banded Apollo	Parnassius Delphius
77.	Black Windmill	Byasa crassipes
78.	Chinese Windmill	Byasa plutonius
79.	Common Clubtail	Losaria coon
80.	de Niceville’s Windmill	Byasa polla
81.	Hannyngton Apollo	Parnassius hannyngtoni
82.	Himalayan Bhutan Glory	Bhutanitis lidderdalii
83.	Imperial Apollo	Parnassius imperator
84.	Kaiser-i-Hind	Teinopalpus imperialis
85.	Krishna Peacock	Papilio krishna
86.	Ladak Banded Apollo	Parnassius stoliczkanus
87.	Malabar Banded Swallowtail	Papilio liomedon
88.	Mystical Bhutan Glory	Bhutanitis ludlowi
89.	Nevill’s Windmill	Byasa nevilli
90.	Varnished Apollo	Parnassius acco
91.	Yellow-crested Spangle	Papilio elephenor
	Family	Pieridae
92.	Butler’s Dwarf	Baltia butleri
93.	Dwarf Clouded Yellow	Colias dubia
94.	Green Banded White	Pieris krueperi
95.	Lemon Clouded Yellow	Colias thrasibulus
96.	Pale Jezabel	Delias sanaca

	PART J: ODONATA (DRAGONFLY)
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
1.	Himalayan Relict Dragonfly	Epiophlebia laidlawi

	PART K: CORALS
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
1.	Black Coral	All species of the Order Antipatharia
2.	Blue Coral	All species from the following Families in the Order Helioporacea: Aulopsammiidae, Helioporidae, and Lithotelestidae
3.	False Corals	All species of the Order Corallimorpharia
4.	Fire Coral	All species of the Genus Millepora
5.	Organ Pipe Coral	Tubipora musica
6.	Sea Anemones	All species from the following Families in the Order Actiniaria: Actinernidae, Halcuriidae, and Edwardstidae
7.	Sea Pens	All species from the following Families in the Order Pennatulacea: Anthoptilidae, Chunellidae, Echinoptilidae, Funiculinidae, Kophobelemnidae, Protoptilidae, Pseudumbellulidae, Renillidae, Scleroptilidae, Stachyptilidae, Umbellulidae, Veretillidae, Balticinidae, Pennatulidae, and Virgulariidae
8.	Soft Corals	All species from the following Families in the Order Alcyonacea: Acanthoaxiidae, Chelidonisididae, Parasphaerascleridae, Nephtheidae, Alcyoniidae, Clavulariidae, Xeniidae, Cornulariidae, Subergorgiidae, Pleaxauridae, Ellisellidae, Melithaeidae, and Briareidae
9.	Stony Coral	All species of the Order Scleractinia
10.	Tube-dwelling Anemones	All species of the following Families of the Order Penicillaria: Pennatulidae, Anthoptilidae, Scleroptilidae, Halipteridae, and Protoptilidae
11.	Tube-dwelling Anemones	All species of the Order Spirularia
12.	Zoanthids	All species of the Order Zooantharia

SCHEDULE – II

(See sections 9, 11, 12, 38-I, 39, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 48A, 49, 50, 51, 54 and 57)

	PART A: MAMMALS
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
	ANTELOPE
1.	Nilgai	Boselaphus tragocamelus
	BADGERS
2.	Burmese/Large toothed Ferret Badger	Melogale personata
3.	Chinese/Small-toothed Ferret Badger	Melogale moschata
	BATS
4.	Durga Das's Leaf-nosed Bat	Hipposideros durgadasi
5.	Indian Flying Fox	Pteropus giganteus
6.	Mitred Horseshoe Bat	Rhinolophus mitratus
7.	Peters’s Tubenosed Bat	Harpiola grisea
8.	Rainforest Tube-nosed Bat	Murina pluvialis
9.	Sombre Bat	Eptesicus tatei
	CETACEANS
10.	Cetacean species	All species of the Infraorder Cetacea other than those listed in Schedule I
	DEER
11.	Spotted Deer/Chital	Axis axis
	HARES
12.	Desert Hare	Lepus tibetanus
13.	Indian Hare	Lepus nigricollis
14.	Woolly Hare	Lepus oiostolus
	HEDGEHOGS
15.	Bare-bellied Hedgehog	Paraechinus nudiventris
16.	Indian Hedgehog	Paraechinus micropus
17.	Indian Long-eared Hedgehog	Hemiechinus collaris
	OTHER RODENTS
18.	Andaman Rat	Rattus stoicus
19.	Car Nicobar Rat	Rattus palmarum
20.	Cutch Rock Rat	Cremnomys cutchicus
21.	Royle’s Mountain Vole	Alticola roylei
22.	Sahyadris Forest Rat	Rattus satarae
	PIG
23.	Wild Pig	Sus scrofa
	PRIMATES
24.	Northern Plains Gray/Hanuman Langur	Semnopithecus entellus
	SHREWS
25.	Andaman Spiny Shrew	Crocidura hispida
26.	Assam Mole Shrew	Anourosorex asSamensis
27.	Indian Highland Shrew	Suncus niger
28.	Jenkin's Shrew	Crocidura jenkinsi
29.	Madras Treeshrew	Anathana ellioti
30.	Narcondam Shrew	Crocidura narcondamica
31.	Nicobar Shrew	Crecidura nicobarica
	SQUIRRELS
32.	Jungle Palm Squirrel	Funambulus tristriatus
33.	Orange-bellied Himalayan Squirrel	Dremomys lokriah
	TREE MICE
34.	Spiny Tree Mouse	Platacanthomys lasiurus

	PART B: BIRDS
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
	ACCENTORS
1.	Alpine Accentor	Prunella collaris
2.	Altai Accentor	Prunella himalayana
3.	Black-throated Accentor.	Prunella atrogularis
4.	Brown Accentor	Prunella fulvescens
5.	Maroon-backed Accentor	Prunella immaculata
6.	Robin Accentor	Prunella rubeculoides
7.	Rufous-breasted Accentor	Prunella strophiata
	BARBETS
8.	Blue-eared Barbet	Psilopogon duvaucelii
9.	Blue-throated Barbet	Psilopogon asiaticus
10.	Brown-headed Barbet	Psilopogon zeylanicus
11.	Coppersmith Barbet	Psilopogon haemacephalus
12.	Golden-throated Barbet	Psilopogon franklinii
13.	Great Barbet	Psilopogon virens
14.	Lineated Barbet	Psilopogon lineatus
15.	Malabar Barbet	Psilopogon malabaricus
16.	White-cheeked Barbet	Psilopogon viridis
	BARN OWLS
17.	Eastern Grass Owl	Tyto longimembris
18.	Oriental Bay Owl	Phodilus badius
19.	Sri Lanka Bay Owl	Phodilus assimilis
	BEE-EATERS
20.	Blue-bearded Bee-eater	Nyctyornis athertoni
21.	Blue-cheeked Bee-eater	Merops persicus
22.	Blue-tailed Bee-eater	Merops philippinus
23.	Blue-throated Bee-eater	Merops viridis
24.	Chestnut-headed Bee-eater	Merops leschenaultia
25.	European Bee-eater	Merops apiaster
26.	Green Bee-eater	Merops orientalis
	BITTERNS, HERONS AND EGRETS
27.	Black Bittern	Ixobrychus flavicollis
28.	Black-crowned Night Heron	Nycticorax nycticorax
29.	Cattle Egret	Bubulcus ibis
30.	Chinese Egret	Egretta eulophotes
31.	Chinese Pond Heron	Ardeola bacchus
32.	Goliath Heron	Ardea goliath
33.	Great Bittern	Botaurus stellaris
34.	Great Egret	Ardea alba
35.	Grey Heron	Ardea cinerea
36.	Indian Pond Heron	Ardeola grayii
37.	Intermediate Egret	Ardea intermedia
38.	Javan Pond Heron	Ardeola speciosa
39.	Little Bittern	Ixobrychus minutus
40.	Little Egret	Egretta garzetta
41.	Malayan Night Heron	Gorsachius melanolophus
42.	Pacific Reef Egret	Egretta sacra
43.	Purple Heron	Ardea purpurea
44.	Striated Heron	Butorides striata
45.	Western Reef Egret	Egretta gularis
46.	Yellow Bittern	Ixobrychus sinensis
	NORTHERN STORM-PETRELS
47.	Swinhoe's Storm-petrel	Oceanodroma monorhis
	BROADBILLS
48.	Long-tailed Broadbill	Psarisomus dalhousiae
49.	Silver-breasted Broadbill	Serilophus lunatus
	BULBULS
50.	Andaman Bulbul	Brachypodius fuscoflavescens
51.	Ashy Bulbul	Hemixos flavala
52.	Black Bulbul	Hypsipetes leucocephalus
53.	Black-crested Bulbul	Rubigula flaviventris
54.	Black-headed Bulbul	Brachypodius melanocephalos
55.	Cachar Bulbul	Tole cacharensis
56.	Crested Finchbill	Spizixos canifrons
57.	Flame-throated Bulbul	Rubigula gularis
58.	Flavescent Bulbul	Pycnonotus flavescens
59.	Grey-headed Bulbul	Brachypodius priocephalus
60.	Himalayan Bulbul	Pycnonotus leucogenis
61.	Mountain Bulbul	Ixos meclellandii
62.	Nicobar Bulbul	Ixos nicobariensis
63.	Red-vented Bulbul	Pycnonotus cafer
64.	Red-whiskered Bulbul	Pycnonotus Jocosus
65.	Square-tailed Bulbul	Hypsipetes ganeesa
66.	Striated Bulbul	Alcurus striatus
67.	White-browed Bulbul	Pycnonotus luteolus
68.	White-eared Bulbul	Pycnonotus leucotis
69.	White-throated Bulbul	Alophoixus flaveolus
70.	Yellow-browed Bulbul	Acritillas indica
71.	Yellow-throated Bulbul	Pycnonotus xantholaemus
	BUNTINGS
72.	Black-faced Bunting	Emberiza spodocephala
73.	Black-headed Bunting	Emberiza melanocephala
74.	Chestnut Bunting	Emberiza rutile
75.	Chestnut-eared Bunting	Emberiza fucata
76.	Crested Bunting	Emberiza lathami
77.	Eurasian Reed Bunting	Emberiza schoeniclus
78.	Godlewski's Bunting	Emberiza godlewskii
79.	Grey-necked Bunting	Emberiza buchanani
80.	Little Bunting	Emberiza pusilla
81.	Ortolan Bunting	Emberiza hortulana
82.	Pine Bunting	Emberiza leucocephalos
83.	Red-headed Bunting	Emberiza bruniceps
84.	Rock Bunting	Emberiza cia
85.	Rustic Bunting	Emberiza
86.	Striolated Bunting	Emberiza striolata
87.	Tristram's Bunting	Emberiza tristrami
88.	White-capped Bunting	Emberiza stewartia
89.	Yellow-browed Bunting	Emberiza
90.	Yellowhammer	Emberiza citronella
	BUTTONQUAILS
91.	Barred Buttonquail	Turnix suscitator
92.	Small] Buttonquail	Turnix sylvaticus
93.	Yellow-bellied Fantail	Chelidorhynx hypoxanthus
	CANARY-FLYCATCHERS AND ALLIES
94.	Grey-headed Canary-flycatcher	Culicicapa ceylonensis
95.	Yellow-bellied Fantail	Chelidorhynx hypoxanthus
	CETTIA WARBLERS AND ALLIES
96.	Aberrant Bush Warbler	Horornis flavolivaceus
97.	Ashy-throated Warbler	Phylloscopus maculipennis
98.	Asian Stubtail	Urosphena squameiceps
99.	Black-faced Warbler	Abroscopus schisticeps
100.	Booted Warbler	Iduna caligata
101.	Broad-billed Warbler	Tickellia hodgsoni
102.	Brooks's Leaf Warbler	Phylloscopus subviridis
103.	Brownish-flanked Bush Warbler	Horornis fortipes
104.	Buff-barred Warbler	Phylloscopus pulcher
105.	Buff-throated Warbler	Phylloscopus subaffinis
106.	Cetti's Warbler	Cettia cetti
107.	Chestnut-crowned Bush Warbler	Cettia major
108.	Chestnut-headed Tesia	Cettia castaneocoronata
109.	Chinese Leaf Warbler	Phylloscopus yunnanensis
110.	Common Chiffchaff	Phylloscopus collybita
111.	Crested Tit Warbler	Leptopoecile elegans
112.	Dusky Warbler	Phylloscepus fuscatus
113.	Green Warbler	Phylloscopus nitidus
114.	Green-crowned Warbler	Phylloscopus burkii
115.	Greenish Warbler	Phylloscopus trochiloides
116.	Grey-bellied Tesia	Tesia cyaniventer
117.	Grey-cheeked Warbler	Phylloscopus poliogenys
118.	Grey-crowned Warbler	Phylloscopus tephrocephalus
119.	Grey-sided Bush Warbler	Cettia brunnifrons
120.	Hume's Bush Warbler	Horornis brunnescens
121.	Hume's Warbler	Phylloscopus humei
122.	Lanceolated Warbler	Locustella lanceolata
123.	Large-billed Leaf Warbler	Phylloscopus magnirostris
124.	Lemon-rumped Warbler	Phylloscopus chloronotus
125.	Manchurian Bush Warbler	Horornis canturians
126.	Mountain Chiffchaff	Phylloscopus sindianus
127.	Mountain Tailorbird	Phyllergates cucullatus
128.	Pale-footed Bush Warbler	Urosphena pallidipes
129.	Pale-legged Leaf Warbler	Phylloscopus tenellipes
130.	Plain Leaf Warbler	Phylloscopus neglectus
131.	Rufous-faced Warbler	Abroscopus albogularis
132.	Rusty-rumped Warbler	Helopsaltes certhiola
133.	Sakhalin Leaf Warbler	Phylloscopus borealoides
134.	Sichuan Leaf Warbler	Phylloscopus forresti
135.	Slaty-bellied Tesia	Tesia olivea
136.	Smoky Warbler	Phylloscopus fuligiventer
137.	Sulphur-bellied Warbler	Phylloscopus griseolus
138.	Sykes's Warbler	Iduna rama
139.	Thick-billed Warbler	Arundinax aedon
140.	Tickell's Leaf Warbler	Phylloscopus affinis
141.	Two-barred Warbler	Phylloscopus plumbeitarsus
142.	Whistler's Warbler	Phylloscopus whistleri
143.	White-browed Tit Warbler	Leptopoecile sophiae
144.	White-spectacled Warbler	Phylloscopus intermedius
145.	Willow Warbler	Phylloscopus trochilus
146.	Wood Warbler	Phylloscopus sibilatrix
147.	Yellow-bellied Warbler	Abroscopus superciliaris
148.	Yellow-browed Warbler	Phylloscopus inornatus
	CISTICOLAS, PRINIAS, AND ALLIES
149.	Ashy Prinia	Prinia socialis
150.	Black-throated Prinia	Prinia atrogularis
151.	Common Tailorbird	Orthotomus
152.	Dark-necked Tailorbird	Orthotomus atrogularis
153.	Golden-headed Cisticola	Cisticola exilis
154.	Graceful Prinia	Prinia gracilis
155.	Grey-breasted Prinia	Prinia hodgsonii
156.	Hill Prinia	Prinia superciliaris
157.	Jungle Prinia	Prinia sylvatica
158.	Plain Prinia	Prinia inornate
159.	Rufescent Prinia	Prinia rufescens
160.	Striated Prinia	Prinia crinigera
161.	Yellow-bellied Prinia	Prinia flaviventris
162.	Zitting Cisticola	Cisticola juncidis
	CORMORANTS
163.	Great Cormorant	Phalacrocorax carbo
164.	Indian Cormorant	Phalacrocorax fuscicollis
165.	Little Cormorant	Microcarbo niger
	COURSERS AND PRATINCOLES
166.	Collared Pratincole	Glareola pratincole
167.	Cream-coloured Courser:	Cursorius cursor
168.	Oriental Pratincole	Glareola maldivarum
169.	Small Pratincole	Glareola lacteal
	CRAB-PLOVER
170.	Crab-plover	Dromas ardeola
	CROWS AND ALLIES
171.	Black-headed Jay	Garrulus lanceolatus
172.	Carrion Crow	Corvus corone
173.	Collared Treepie	Dendrocitta frontalis
174.	Common Green Magpie	Cissa chinensis
175.	Common Raven	Corvus corax
176.	Eurasian Jackdaw	Corvus monedula
177.	Eurasian Jay	Garrulus glandarius
178.	Eurasian Magpie	Pica pica
179.	Grey Treepie	Dendrocitta formosae
180.	Hooded Crow	Corvus cornix
181.	Large-billed Crow	Corvus macrorhynchos
182.	Large-spotted Nutcracker	Nucifraga multipunctate
183.	Pied Crow	Corvus albus
184.	Red-billed Blue Magpie	Urocissa erythroryncha
185.	Red-billed Chough	Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
186.	Rook	Corvus frugilegus
187.	Rufous Treepie	Dendrocitta vagabunda
188.	Spotted Nutcracker	Nucifraga caryocatactes
189.	White-bellied Treepie	Dendrocitta leucogastra
190.	Yellow-billed Blue Magpie	Urocissa flavirostris
191.	Yellow-billed Chough	Pyrrhocorax graculus
	CUCKOOS
192.	Andaman Coucal	Centropus andamanensis
193.	Asian Emerald Cuckoo	Chrysococcyx maculatus
194.	Asian Koel	Eudynamys scolopaceus
195.	Banded Bay Cuckoo	Cacomantis sonneratit
196.	Blue-faced Malkoha	Phaenicophaeus viridirostris
197.	Chestnut-winged Cuckoo	Clamator coromandus
198.	Common Cuckoo	Cuculus canorus
199.	Common Hawk Cuckoo	Hierococcyx varius
200.	Fork-tailed Drongo Cuckoo	Surniculus dicruroides
201.	Greater Coucal	Centropus sinensis
202.	Green-billed Malkoha	Phaenicophaeus tristis
203.	Grey-bellied Cuckoo	Cacomantis passerines
204.	Hodgson's Hawk Cuckoo	Hierococcyx nisicolor
205.	Horsfield's Bronze Cuckoo	Chrysococcyx basalis
206.	Indian Cuckoo	Cuculus Micropterus
207.	Large Hawk Cuckoo	Hierococcyx sparverioides
208.	Lesser Coucal	Centropus bengalensis
209.	Lesser Cuckoo	Lesser Cuckoo
210.	Lesser Cuckoo	Cuculus optatus
211.	Pied Cuckoo	Clamator jacobinus
212.	Plaintive Cuckoo	Cacomantis merulinus
213.	Sirkeer Malkoha	Taccocua leschenaultia
214.	Square-tailed Drongo Cuckoo	Surniculus lugubris
215.	Violet Cuckoo	Chrysococcyx xanthorhynchus
	DARTERS
216.	Oriental Darter	Anhinga melanogaster
	DIPPERS
217.	Brown Dipper	Cinclus pallasii
218.	White-throated Dipper	Cinclus cinclus
	DIVERS
219.	Black-throated Diver	Gavia arctica
220.	Red-throated Diver	Gavia stellata
	DRONGOS
221.	Andaman Drongo	Dicrurus andamanensis
222.	Ashy Drongo	Dicrurus leucophaeus
223.	Black Drongo	Dicrurus macrocercus
224.	Bronzed Drongo	Dicrurus aeneus
225.	Crow-billed Drongo	Dicrurus annectens
226.	Greater Racket-tailed Drongo	Dicrurus paradiseus
227.	Hair-crested Drongo	Dicrurus hottentottus
228.	Lesser Racket-tailed Drongo	Dicrurus remifer
229.	White-bellied Drongo	Dicrurus caerulescens
	DUCKS, GEESE, AND SWANS
230.	Baikal Teal	Sibirionetta Formosa
231.	Bar-headed Goose	Anser indicus
232.	Bean Goose	Anser fabalis
233.	Common Goldeneye	Bucephala clangula
234.	Common Merganser	Mergus merganser
235.	Common Shelduck	Tadorna tadorna
236.	Common Teal	Anas crecca
237.	Eastern Spot-billed Duck	Anas zonorhyncha
238.	Eurasian Wigeon	Mareca Penelope
239.	Falcated Duck	Mareca falcata
240.	Ferruginous Duck	Aythya nyroca
241.	Gadwall	Mareca strepera
242.	Garganey	Spatula querquedula
243.	Greater Scaup	Aythya marila
244.	Greater White-fronted Goose	Anser
245.	Greylag Goose	Anser anser
246.	Indian Spot-billed Duck	Anas poecilorhyncha
247.	Knob-billed Duck	Sarkidiornis melanotos
248.	Lesser Whistling Duck	Dendrocygna javanica
249.	Lesser White-fronted Goose	Anser erythropus
250.	Long-tailed Duck	Clangula hyemalis
251.	Mallard	Anas platyrhynchos
252.	Mandarin Duck	Aix galericulata
253.	Mute Swan	Cygnus olor
254.	Northern Pintail	Anas acuta
255.	Northern Shoveler	Spatula clypeata
256.	Red-breasted Goose	Branta ruficollis
257.	Red-breasted Merganser	Mergus serrator
258.	Red-crested Pochard	Netta rufina
259.	Ruddy Shelduck	Tadorna ferruginea
260.	Smew	Mergellus albeilus
261.	Tufted Duck	Aythya fuligula
262.	Tundra Swan	Cygnus columbianus
263.	Whooper Swan	Cygnus cygnus
	ELACHURA
264.	Spotted Elachura	Elachura Formosa
	FAIRY-BLUEBIRDS
265.	Asian Fairy-bluebird	Irena puella
	FALCONS
266.	Collared Falconet	Microhierax caerulescens
267.	Common Kestrel	Falco tinnunculus
268.	Eurasian Hobby	Falco Subbuteo
269.	Lesser Kestrel	Falco naumanni
270.	Merlin	Falco columbarius
271.	Oriental Hobby	Falco severus
272.	Pied Falconet	Microhierax melanoleucos
273.	Red-footed Falcon	Falco vespertinus
	FANTAILS
274.	Spot-breasted Fantail	Rhipidura albogularis
275.	White-browed Fantail	Rhipidura aureola
276.	White-throated Fantail	Rhipidura albicollis
	FINCHES
277.	Black-and-yellow Grosbeak	Mycerobas icterioides
278.	Black-headed Greenfinch	Chloris ambigua
279.	Blanford's Rosefinch	Agraphospiza rubescens
280.	Blyth's Rosefinch	Carpodacus grandis
281.	Brambling	Fringilla montifringilla
282.	Brandt's Mountain Finch	Leucosticte brandti
283.	Brown Bullfinch	Pyrrhula nipalensis
284.	Chinese White-browed Rosefinch	Carpodacus dubius
285.	Collared Grosbeak	Mycerobas affinis
286.	Common Chaffinch	Fringilla coelebs
287.	Common Linnet	Linaria cannabina
288.	Common Rosefinch	Carpeodacus erythrinus
289.	Crimson-browed Finch	Carpodacus subhimachalus
290.	Crimson-winged Finch	Rhodopechys sanguineus
291.	Dark-breasted Rosefinch	Procarduelis nipalensis
292.	Dark-rumped Rosefinch	Carpodacus edwardsti
293.	Desert Finch	Rhodospiza obsolete
294.	Eurasian Siskin	Spinus spinus
295.	European Goldfinch	Carduelis carduelis
296.	Fire-fronted Serin	Serinus pusillus
297.	Gold-naped Finch	Pyrrhoplectes epaulette
298.	Great Rosefinch	Carpodacus rubicilla
299.	Grey-headed Bullfinch	Pyrrhula erythaca
300.	Hawfinch	Coccothraustes coccothraustes
301.	Himalayan Beautiful Rosefinch	Carpodacus pulcherrimus
302.	Himalayan White-browed Rosefinch	Carpodacus Thura
303.	Mongolian Finch	Bucanetes mongolicus
304.	Orange Bullfinch	Pyrrhula aurantiaca
305.	Pale Rockfinch	Carpospiza brachydactyla
306.	Pale Rosefinch	Carpodacus stoliczkae
307.	Pink-browed Rosefinch	Carpodacus rodochroa
308.	Pink-rumped Rosefinch	Carpodacus waltoni
309.	Plain Mountain Finch	Leucosticte nemoricola
310.	Red Crossbill	Loxia curvirostra
311.	Red-fronted Rosefinch	Carpodacus puniceus
312.	Red-headed Bullfinch	Pyrrhula erythrocephala
313.	Scarlet Finch	Scarlet Finch
314.	Sillem's Rosefinch	Carpodacus sillemi
315.	Spectacled Finch	Callacanthis burtoni
316.	Spot-winged Grosbeak	Mycerobas melanozanthos
317.	Spot-winged Rosefinch	Carpodacus rodopeplus
318.	Streaked Rosefinch	Carpodacus rubicilloides
319.	Three-banded Rosefinch	Carpodacus trifasciatus
320.	Tibetan Siskin	Spinus thibetanus
321.	Trumpeter Finch	Bucanetes githagineus
322.	Twite	Linaria flavirostris
323.	Vinaceous Rosefinch	Carpodacus vinaceus
324.	White-winged Grosbeak	Mycerobas carnipes
325.	Yellow-breasted Greenfinch	Chloris spinoides
	FLAMINGOS
326.	Greater Flamingo	Phoenicopterus roseus
327.	Lesser Flamingo	Phoeniconaias minor
	FLOWERPECKERS
328.	Andaman Flowerpecker	Dicaeum virescens
329.	Fire-breasted Flowerpecker	Dicaeum ignipectus
330.	Nilgiri Flowerpecker	Dicaeum concolor
331.	Pale-billed Flowerpecker	Dicaeum erythrorhynchos
332.	Plain Flowerpeckgr	Dicaeum minullum
333.	Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker	Dicaeum cruentatum
334.	Thick-billed Flowerpecker	Dicaeum agile
335.	Yellow-bellied Flowerpecker	Dicaeum melanozanthum
336.	Yellow-vented Flowerpecker	Dicaeum chrysorrheum
	FLYCATCHERS, CHATS AND ALLIES
337.	Andaman Shama	Copsychus albiventris
338.	Asian Brown Flycatcher	Muscicapa dauurica
339.	Black Redstart	Phoenicurus ochruros
340.	Black-and-orange Flycatcher	Ficedula nigrorufa
341.	Black-backed Forktail	Enicurus immaculatus
342.	Blue Rock Thrush	Moniticola solitarius
343.	Blue Whistling Thrush	Myophonus caeruleus
344.	Blue-and-white Flycatcher	Cyanoptila cyanomelana
345.	Blue-capped Redstart	Phoenicurus coeruleocephala
346.	Blue-capped Rock Thrush	Monticola cinclorhyncha
347.	Blue-fronted Redstart	Phoenicurus frontalis
348.	Blue-fronted Robin	Cinclidium frontale
349.	Bluethroat	Luscinia svecica
350.	Blue-throated Flycatcher	Cyornis rubeculoides
351.	Brown Rock Chat	Oenanthe fusca
352.	Brown-breasted Flycatcher	Muscicapa muttui
353.	Chestnut-bellied Rock Thrush	Monticola rufiventris
354.	Common Redstart	Phoenicurus phoenicurus
355.	Dark-sided Flycatcher	Muscicapa sibirica
356.	Daurian Redstart	Phoenicurus auroreus
357.	Desert Wheatear	Oenanthe deserti
358.	Eversmann’s Redstart	Phoenicurus erythronotus
359.	Ferruginous Flycatcher	Muscicapa ferruginea
360.	Finsch's Wheatear	Oenanthe finschii
361.	Firethroat	Calliope pectardens
362.	Golden Bush Robin	Tarsiger chrysaeus
363.	Gould's Shortwing	Heteroxenicus stellatus
364.	Grey Bushchat	Saxicola ferreus
365.	Hill Blue Flycatcher	Cyornis banyumas
366.	Himalayan Bush Robin	Tarsiger rufilatus
367.	Himalayan Rubythroat	Calliope pectoralis
368.	Himalayan Shortwing	Brachypteryx cruralis
369.	Hodgson's Redstart	Phoenicurus hodgsoni
370.	Hume's Wheatear	Oenanthe albonigra
371.	Indian Blue Robin	Larvivora brunnea
372.	Indian Robin	Copsychus fulicatus
373.	Isabelline Wheatear	Oenanthe isabelline
374.	Jerdon's Bushchat	Saxicola jerdoni
375.	Large Niltava	Niltava grandis
376.	Lesser Shortwing	Brachypteryx leucophris
377.	Little Forktail	Enicurus scouleri
378.	Little Pied Flycatcher	Ficedula westermanni
379.	Malabar Whistling Thrush	Myophonus horsfieldii
380.	Mugimaki Flycatcher	Ficedula mugimaki
381.	Nicobar Jungle Flycatcher	Cyornis nicobaricus
382.	Nilgiri Flycatcher	Eumyias albicaudatus
383.	Northern Wheatear	Oenanthe Oenanthe
384.	Oriental Magpie Robin	Copsychus saularis
385.	Pale Blue Flycatcher	Cyornis unicolor
386.	Pale-chinned Flycatcher	Cyornis poliogenys
387.	Pied Bushchat	Saxicola caprata
388.	Pied Wheatear	Oenanthe pleschanka
389.	Plumbeous Water Redstart	Phoenicurus fuliginosus
390.	Pygmy Blue Flycatcher	Ficedula hodgsoni
391.	Red-breasted Flycatcher	Ficedula parva
392.	Red-flanked Bush Robin	Tarsiger cyanurus
393.	Red-tailed Wheatear	Oenanthe chrysopygia
394.	Rufous-bellied Niltava	Niltava sundara
395.	Rufous-breasted Bush Robin	Tarsiger hyperythrus
396.	Rufous-gorgeted Flycatcher.	Ficedula strophiata
397.	Rufous-tailed Rock Thrush	Monticola saxatilis
398.	Rufous-tailed Scrub Robin	Cercotrichas galactotes
399.	Rusty-bellied Shortwing	Brachypteryx hyperythra
400.	Rusty-tailed Flycatcher	Ficedula ruficauda
401.	Sapphire Flycatcher	Ficedula sapphira
402.	Siberian Blue Robin	Larvivora cyane
403.	Siberian Rubythroat	Calliope calliope
404.	Siberian Stonechat	Saxicola maurus
405.	Slaty-backed Flycatcher	Ficedula Erithacus
406.	Slaty-backed Forktail	Enicurus schistaceus
407.	Slaty-blue Flycatcher	Ficedula tricolor
408.	Small Niltava	Niltava macgrigoriae
409.	Snowy-browed Flycatcher	Ficedula hyperythra
410.	Spotted Flycatcher	Muscicapa striata
411.	Spotted Forktail	Enicurus maculatus
412.	Stoliczka's Bushchat	Saxicola macrorhynchus
413.	Taiga Flycatcher	Ficedula albicilla
414.	Tickell's Blue Flycatcher	Cyornis tickelliae
415.	Ultramarine Flycatcher	Ficedula superciliaris
416.	Variable Wheatear	Oenanthe
417.	Verditer Flycatcher	Eumyias thalassinus
418.	Vivid Niltava	Niltava vivida
419.	White-bellied Blue Flycatcher	Cyornis pallidipes
420.	White-bellied Redstart	Luscinia phaenicuroides
421.	White-browed Bush Robin	Tarsiger indicus
422.	White-capped Redstart	Phoenicurus leucocephalus
423.	White-crowned Forktail	Enicurus leschenaultia
424.	White-gorgeted Flycatcher	Anthipes monileger
425.	White-rumped Shama	Copsychus malabaricus
426.	White-tailed Blue Flycatcher	Cyornis concretus
427.	White-tailed Robin	White-tailed Robin
428.	White-tailed Stonechat	Saxicola leucurus
429.	White-throated Redstart	Phoenicurus schisticeps
430.	White-winged Redstart	Phoenicurus erythrogastrus
431.	Yellow-rumped Flycatcher	Ficedula zanthopygia
432.	Zappey's Flycatcher	Cyanoptila cumatilis
	FRIGATEBIRDS
433.	Great Frigatebird	Fregata minor
434.	Lesser Frigatebird	Ariel
	GANNETS AND BOOBIES
435.	Brown Booby	Sula leucogaster
436.	Masked Booby	Sula dactylatra
437.	Red-footed Booby	Sula sula
	GOLDCRESTS
438.	Goldcrest	Regulus regulus
	GREBES
439.	Black-necked Grebe	Podiceps nigricollis
440.	Great Crested Ggebe	Podiceps cristatus
441.	Horned Grebe	Podiceps auratus
442.	Little Grebe	Tachybaptus ruficollis
443.	Red-necked Grebe	Podiceps grisegena
	GULLS AND TERNS
444.	Arctic Tern	Sterna paradisaea
445.	Black Noddy	Anous minutus
446.	Black Term	Chlidonias niger
447.	Black-headed Gull	Chroicocephalus ridibundus
448.	Black-legged Kittiwake	Rissa tridactyla
449.	Black-naped Tern	Sterna sumatrana
450.	Bridled Tern	Onychoprion anaethetus
451.	Brown Noddy	Anous Stolidus
452.	Brown-headed Gull	Chroicocephalus brunnicephalus
453.	Caspian Gull	Larus cachinnans
454.	Caspian Tern	Hydroprogne caspia
455.	Common Tern	Sterna hirundo
456.	Franklin's Gull	Leucophaeus pipixcan
457.	Greater Crested Tern	Thalasseus bergii
458.	Lesser Black-backed Gull	Larus fuscus
459.	Lesser Crested Tern	Thalasseus bengalensis
460.	Lesser Noddy	Anous tenuirostris
461.	Little Gull	Hydrocoloeus minutus
462.	Little Tern	Sternula albifrons
463.	Mew Gull	Larus canus
464.	Mongolian Gull	Larus smithsonianus mongolicus
465.	Pallas's Gull	Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus
466.	Roseate Tern	Sterna dougallii
467.	Sabine's Gull	Xema sabini
468.	Sandwich Term	Thalasseus sandvicensis
469.	Saunders's Tern	Sternula saundersi
470.	Slender-billed Gull	Chroicocephalus genei
471.	Sooty Gull	Ichthyaetus hemprichii
472.	Sooty Tern	Onychoprion fuscatus
473.	Whiskered Tern	Chlidonias hybrida
474.	White Tern	Gygis alba
475.	White-cheeked Tern	Sterna repressa
476.	White-eyed Gull	Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus
477.	White-winged Tern	Chlidonias
	HONEYGUIDES
478.	Yellow-rumped Honeyguide	Indicator xanthonotus
	HOOPOES
479.	Common Hoopoe	Upupa epops
	HORNBILLS
480.	Indian Grey Hornbill	Ocyceros birostris
	HYPOCOLIUS
481.	Grey Hypocolius	Hypocolius ampelinus
	IBISES AND SPOONBILLS
482.	Black-headed Ibis	Threskiornis melanocephalus
483.	Glossy Ibis	Plegadis falcinellus
484.	Red-naped Ibis	Pseudibis papillosa
	IORAS
485.	Common Ijora	Aegithina tiphia
486.	Marshall's [ora	Aegithina nigrolutea
	JACANAS
487.	Bronze-winged Jacana	Metopidius indicus
488.	Pheasant-tailed Jacana	Hydrophasianus chirurgus
	KINGFISHERS
489.	Black-capped Kingfisher	Halcyon pileate
490.	Blue-eared Kingfisher	Alcedo meninting
491.	Brown-winged Kingfisher	Pelargopsis amauroptera
492.	Collared Kingfisher	Todiramphus chloris
493.	Common Kingfisher	Alcedo atthis
494.	Crested Kingfisher	Megaceryle lugubris
495.	Oriental Dwarf Kingfisher	Ceyx erithaca
496.	Pied Kingfisher	Ceryle rudis
497.	Ruddy Kingfisher	Halcyon coromanda
498.	Stork-billed Kingfisher	Pelargopsis capensis
499.	White-throated Kingfisher	Halcyon smyrnensis
	KITES, HAWKS AND EAGLES
500.	Black Kite	Milvus migrans
501.	Black-winged Kite	Elanus caeruleus
502.	European Honey Buzzard	Pernis apivorus
503.	Legge's Hawk Eagle	Nisaetus kelaarti
504.	Oriental Honey Buzzard	Pernis ptilorhynchus
505.	Rough-legged Buzzard	Buteo lagopus
	LARKS
506.	Ashy-crowned Sparrow Lark	Eremopterix griseus
507.	Bengal Bushlark	Mirafra assamica
508.	Bimaculated Lark	Melanocorypha bimaculate
509.	Black-crowned Sparrow Lark	Eremopterix nigriceps
510.	Crested Lark	Galerida cristata
511.	Desert Lark	Ammomanes deserti
512.	Eurasian Skylark	Alauda arvensis
513.	Greater Hoopoe Lark	Alaemon alaudipes
514.	Greater Short-toed Lark	Calandrella brachydactyla
515.	Horned Lark	Eremophila alpestris
516.	Hume's Short-toed Lark	Calandrella acutirostris
517.	Indian Bushlark	Mirafra erythroptera
518.	Jerdon's Bushlark	Mirafra affinis
519.	Lesser Short-toed Lark	Alaudala rufescens
520.	Malabar Lark	Galerida malabarica
521.	Oriental Skylark	Alauda gulgula
522.	Rufous-tailed Lark	Ammomanes phoenicura
523.	Sand Lark	Alaudala raytal
524.	Singing Bushlark	Mirafra cantillans
525.	Sykes's Lark	Galerida deva
526.	Sykes's Short-toed Lark	Calandrella dukhunensis
527.	Tibetan Lark	Melanocorypha maxima
	LAUGHINGTHRUSHES AND LARGE BABBLERS
528.	Assam Laughingthgush	Trochalopteron chrysopterum
529.	Beautiful Sibia	Heterophasia pulchella
530.	Bhutan Laughingthrush	Trochalopteron imbricatum
531.	Black-faced Laughingthrush	Trochalopteron affine
532.	Blue-winged Laughingthrush	Trochalopteron squamatum
533.	Blue-winged Minla	Actinodura cyanouroptera
534.	Brown-cheeked Fulvetta	Alcippe poioicephala
535.	Chestnut-crowned Laughingthrush	Trochalopteron erythrocephalum
536.	Chestnut-tailed Minla	Actinodura strigula
537.	Common Babbler	Argya caudata
538.	Elliot's Laughingthrush	Trochalopteron elliotii
539.	Greater Necklaced Laughingthrush	Pterorhinus pectoralis
540.	Grey Sibia	Heterophasia gracilis
541.	Himalayan Cutia	Cutia nipalensis
542.	Hoary-throated Barwing	Actinodura nipalensis
543.	Jungle Babbler	Argya striata
544.	Large Grey Babbler	Argya malcolmi
545.	Lesser Necklaced Laughingthrush	Garrulax monileger
546.	Long-tailed Sibia	Heterophasia picaoides
547.	Mount Victoria Babax	Pterorhinus woodi
548.	Nepal Fulvetta	Alcippe nipalensis
549.	Palani Laughingthrush	Montecincla fairbanki
550.	Red-billed Leiothrix	Leiothrix lutea
551.	Red-faced Liocichla	Liocichla phoenicea
552.	Red-tailed Minla	Minla ignotincta
553.	Rufous Babbler	Argya subrufa
554.	Rufous Sibia	Heterophasia capistrata
555.	Rufous-backed Sibia	Leioptila annectens
556.	Rufous-chinned Laughingthrush	Tanthocincla rufogularis
557.	Rufous-necked Laughingthrush	Pterorhinus ruficollis
558.	Rufous-vented Laughingthrush	Pterorhinus gularis
559.	Rusty-fronted Barwing	Actinodura egertoni
560.	Scaly Laughingthrush	Trochalopteron subunicolor
561.	Silver-eared Mesia	Leiothrix argentauris
562.	Spot-breasted Laughingthrush	Garrulax merulinus
563.	Spotted Laughingthrush	Ianthocincla ocellata
564.	Streaked Laughingthrush	Trochalopteron lineatum
565.	Streak-throated Barwing	Actinodura waldeni
566.	Striated Babbler	Argya earlei
567.	Striated Laughingthrush	Grammatoptila striata
568.	Striped Laughingthrush	Trochalopteron virgatum
569.	Variegated Laughihgthrush	Trochalopteron variegatum
570.	Wayanad Laughingthrush	Pterorhinus delesserti
571.	White-browed Laughingthrush	Pterorhinus sannio
572.	White-crested Laughingthrush	Garrulax leucolophus
573.	White-throated Laughingthrush	Pterorhinus albogularis
574.	Yellow-billed Babbler	Argya affinis
575.	Yellow-throated Laughingthrush	Pterorhinus galbanus
	LEAF WARBLERS
576.	Arctic Warbler	Phylloscopus borealis
577.	Blyth's Leaf Warbler	Phylloscopus reguloides
578.	Chestnut-crowned Warbler	Phylloscopus castaniceps
579.	Claudia's Leaf Warbler	Phylloscopus claudiae
580.	Grey-hooded Warbler	Phylloscopus xanthoschistos
581.	Tytler's Leaf Warbler	Phylloscopus tytleri
582.	Western Crowned Warbler	Phylloscopus occipitalis
583.	Yellow-vented Warbler	Phylloscopus cantator
	LEAFBIRDS
584.	Blue-winged Leafbird	Chloropsis cochinchinensis
585.	Golden-fronted Leafbird	Chloropsis aurifrons
586.	Jerdon's Leafbird	Chloropsis jerdoni
587.	Orange-bellied Leafbird	Chloropsis hardwickii
	LOCUSTELLA WARBLERS AND ALLIES
588.	Baikal Bush Warbler	Locustella davidi
589.	Brown Bush Warbler	Locustella luteoventris
590.	Chinese Bush Warbler	Locustella tacsanowskia
591.	Grasshopper Warbler	Locustella naevia
592.	Long-billed Bush Warbler	Locustella major
593.	Russet Bush Warbler	Locustella mandelli
594.	Spotted Bush Warbler	Locustella thoracica
595.	Striated Grassbird	Megalurus palustris
	LONG-TAILED TITS
596.	Black-browed Tit	Aegithalos iouschistos
597.	Black-throated Tit	Aegithalos concinnus
598.	White-cheeked Tit	Aegithalos leucogenys
599.	White-throated Tit	Aegithalos niveogularis
	MINIVETS AND CUCKOOSHRIKES
600.	Andaman Cuckooshrike	Coracina dobsoni
601.	Ashy Minivet	Pericrocotus divaricatus
602.	Black-headed Cuckooshrike	Lalage melanoptera
603.	Black-winged Cuckooshrike	Lalage melaschistos
604.	Grey-chinned Minivet	Pericrocotus solaris
605.	Large Cuckooshrike	Coracina macei
606.	Long-tailed Minivet	Pericrocotus ethologus
607.	Orange Minivet	Pericrocotus flammeus
608.	Pied Triller	Lalage nigra
609.	Rosy Minivet	Pericrocotus roseus
610.	Scarlet Minivet	Pericrocotus speciosus
611.	Short-billed Minivet	Short-billed Minivet
612.	Swinhoe's Minivet	Pericrocotus cantonensis
613.	White-bellied Minivet	Pericrocotus erythropygius
	MONARCHS
614.	Amur Paradise-flycatcher	Terpsiphone incei
615.	Black-naped Monarch	Hypothymis azurea
616.	Blyth’s Paradise-flycatcher	Terpsiphone affinis
617.	Indian Paradise-flycatcher	Terpsiphone paradisi
	MUNIAS
618.	Black-throated Munia	Lonchura kelaarti
619.	Chestnut Munia	Lonchura atricapilla
620.	Indian Silverbill	Euodice malabarica
621.	Red Munia	Amandava amandava
622.	Scaly-breasted Munia	Lonchura punctulate
623.	Tricoloured Munia	Lonchura malacca
624.	White-rumped Munia	Lonchura striata
	NIGHTJARS
625.	Andaman Nightjar	Caprimulgus andamanicus
626.	European Nightjar	Caprimulgus europaeus
627.	Great Eared Nightpar	Lyncornis macrotis
628.	Grey Nightjar.	Caprimulgus jotaka
629.	Indian Nightjar	Caprimulgus asiaticus
630.	Jerdon's Nightjar	Caprimulgus atripennis
631.	Jungle Nightjar	Caprimulgus indicus
632.	Large-tailed Nightjar	Caprimulgus macrurus
633.	Savanna Nightjar	Caprimulgus affinis
634.	Sykes's Nightjar	Caprimulgus mahrattensis
	NUTHATCHES
635.	Chestnut-bellied Nuthatch	Sitta cinnamoventris
636.	Chestnut-vented Nuthatch	Sitta nagaensis
637.	Indian Nuthatch	Sitta castanea
638.	Kashmir Nuthatch	Sitta cashmirensis
639.	Velvet-fronted Nuthatch	Sitta frontalis
640.	White-cheeked Nuthatch	Sitta leucopsis
641.	White-tailed Nuthatch	Sitta himalayensis
642.	Yunnan Nuthatch	Sitta yunnanensis
	ORIOLES
643.	Black-hooded Oriole	Oriolus xanthornus
644.	Black-naped Oriole	Oriolus chinensis
645.	Eurasian Golden Oriole	Oriolus oriolus
646.	Indian Golden Oriole	Oriolus kundoo
647.	Maroon Oriole	Oriolus traillii
648.	Slender-billed Oriole	Oriolus tenuirostris
	OWLS
649.	Andaman Hawk Owl	Ninox affinis
650.	Andaman Scops Owl	Otus balli
651.	Asian Barred Owlet	Glaucidium cuculoides
652.	Boreal Owl	Aegolius funereus
653.	Brown Hawk Owl	Ninox scutulata
654.	Collared Owlet	Taenioptynx brodiei
655.	Collared Scops Owl	Otus lettia
656.	Dusky Eagle Owl	Bubo coromandus
657.	Eurasian Scops Owl	Otus scops
658.	Himalayan Owl	Strix nivicolum
659.	Hume's Hawk Owl	Ninox obscura
660.	Indian Scops Owl	Otus bakkamoena
661.	Jungle Owlet	Glaucidium radiatum
662.	Little Owl	Athene noctua
663.	Mountain Scops Owl	Otus spilocephalus
664.	Nicobar Scops Owl	Otus alius
665.	Oriental Scops Owl	Otus sunia
666.	Pallid Scops Owl	Otus brucei
667.	Spotted Owlet	Athene brama
668.	Tawny Owl	Strix aluco
	OYSTERCATCHERS
669.	Eurasian Oystercatcher	Haematopus ostralegus
	PAINTED-SNIPES
670.	Greater Painted-snipe	Rostratula benghalensis
	PARROTBILLS AND ALLIES
671.	Black-throated Parrotbill	Suthora nipalensis
672.	Brown Parrotbill	Cholornis unicolor
673.	Brown-throated Fulvetta	Fulvetta ludlowi
674.	Fire-tailed Myzornis	Myzornis pyrrhoura
675.	Fulvous Parrotbill	Suthora fulvifrons
676.	Golden-breasted Fulvetta	Lioparus chrysotis
677.	Great Parrotbill	Conostoma aemodium
678.	Grey-headed Parrotbill	Psittiparus gularis
679.	Lesser Rufous-headed Parrotbill	Chleuasicus atrosuperciliaris
680.	Manipur Fulvetta	Fulvetta manipurensis
681.	Rufous-headed Parrotbill	Psittiparus bakeri
682.	Spot-breasted Parrotbill	Paradoxornis guttaticollis
683.	White-breasted Parrotbill	Psittiparus ruficeps
684.	White-browed Fulvetta	Fulvetta vinipectus
685.	Yellow-eyed Babbler	Chrysomma sinense
	PARROTS
686.	Alexandrine Parakeet	Psittacula eupatria
687.	Blossom-headed Parakeet	Psittacula roseate
688.	Grey-headed Parakeet	Psittacula finschii
689.	Long-tailed Parakeet	Psittacula longicauda
690.	Malabar Parakeet	Psittacula columboides
691.	Nicobar Parakeet	Psittacula caniceps
692.	Plum-headed Parakeet	Psittacula cyanocephala
693.	Rose-ringed Parakeet	Psittacula krameria
694.	Slaty-headed Parakeet	Psittacula himalayana
695.	Vernal Hanging Parrot	Loriculus vernalis
	PARTRIDGES, QUAILS, AND PHEASANTS
696.	Black Francolin	Francolinus francolinus
697.	Blue-breasted Quail	Synoicus chinensis
698.	Chinese Francolin	Francolinus pintadeanus
699.	Chukar Partridge	Alectoris chukar
700.	Common Quail	Coturnix coturnix
701.	Grey Francolin	Francolinus pondicerianus
702.	Hill Partridge	Arborophila torqueola
703.	Himalayan Snowcock	Tetraogallus himalayensis
704.	Japanese Quail	Coturnix japonica (excluding birds of the farm bred variety)
705.	Jungle Bush Quail	Perdicula asiatica
706.	Koklass Pheasant	Pucrasia macrolopha
707.	Painted Bush Quail	Perdicula erythrorhyncha
708.	Painted Francolin	Francolinus pictus
709.	Painted Spurfowl	Galloperdix lunulate
710.	Rain Quail	Coturnix coromandelica
711.	Red Junglefowl	Gallus gallus
712.	Red Spurfowl	Galloperdix spadicea
713.	Rock Bush Quail	Perdicula argoondah
714.	Rufous-throated Partridge	Arborophila rufogularis
715.	Snow Partridge	Lerwa lerwa
716.	White-cheeked Partridge	Arborophila atrogularis
	PELICANS
717.	Dalmatian Pelican	Pelecanus crispus
718.	Great White Pelican	Pelecanus onocrotalus
719.	Spot-billed Pelican	Pelecanus philippensis
	PENDULINE TITS
720.	White-crowned Penduline Tit	Remiz coronatus
	PETRELS AND SHEARWATERS
721.	Barau's Petrel	Pterodroma baraui
722.	Cory's Shearwater	Calonectris borealis
723.	Flesh-footed Shearwater	Ardenna carneipes
724.	Jouanin's Petrel	Bulweria fallax
725.	Persian Shearwater	Puffinus persicus
726.	Short-tailed Shearwater	Ardenna tenuirostris
727.	Streaked Shearwater	Calonectris leucomelas
728.	Tropical Shearwater	Puffinus bailloni
729.	Wedge-tailed Shearwater	Ardenna pacifica
	PIGEONS AND DOVES
730.	Andaman Cuckoo Dove	Macropygia rufipennis
731.	Andaman Wood Pigeon	Columba palumboides
732.	Ashy Wood Pigeon	Columba pulchricollis
733.	Ashy-headed Green Pigeon	Treron phayrei
734.	Asian Emerald Dove	Chalcophaps indica
735.	Barred Cuckoo Dove	Macropygia unchall
736.	Common Wood Pigeon	Columba palumbus
737.	Eurasian Collared Dove	Streptopelia decaocto
738.	European Turtle Dove	Streptopelia turtur
739.	Green Imperial Pigeon	Ducula aenea
740.	Grey-fronted Green Pigeon	Treron affinis
741.	Hill Pigeon	Columba rupestris
742.	Laughing Dove	Streptopelia senegalensis
743.	Mountain Imperial Pigeon	Ducula badia
744.	Namaqua Dove	Oena capensis
745.	Nicobar Imperial Pigeon	Ducula nicobarica
746.	Orange-breasted Green Pigeon	Treron bicinctus
747.	Oriental Turtle Dove	Streptopelia orientalis
748.	Pied Imperial Pigeon	Ducula bicolor
749.	Pin-tailed Green Pigeon	Treron apicauda
750.	Red Collared Dove	Streptopelia tranquebarica
751.	Snow Pigeon	Columba leuconota
752.	Speckled Wood Pigeon	Columba hodgsonii
753.	Spotted Dove	Streptopelia chinensis
754.	Thick-billed Green Pigeon	Treron curvirostra
755.	Wedge-tailed Green Pigeon	Treron sphenurus
756.	Yellow-footed Green Pigeon	Treron Phoenicopterus
	PIPITS AND WAGTAILS
757.	Blyth's Pipit	Anthus godlewskii
758.	Buff-bellied Pipit	Anthus rubescens
759.	Citrine Wagtail	Motacilla citreola
760.	Eastern Yellow Wagtail	Motacilla tschutschensis
761.	Grey Wagtail	Motacilla cinerea
762.	Long-billed Pipit	Anthus similis
763.	Meadow Pipit	Anthus pratensis
764.	Olive-backed Pipit	Anthus hodgsoni
765.	Paddyfield Pipit	Anthus rufulus
766.	Red-throated Pipit	Anthus cervinus
767.	Richard's Pipit	Anthus richardi
768.	Rosy Pipit	Anthus roseatus
769.	Tawny Pipit	Anthus campestris
770.	Tree Pipit	Anthus trivialis
771.	Upland Pipit	Anthus sylvanus
772.	Water Pipit	Anthus spinoletta
773.	Western Yellow Wagtail	Motacilla flava
774.	White Wagtail	Motacilla alba
775.	White-browed Wagtail	Motacilla maderaspatensis
	PITTAS
776.	Blue Pitta	Hydrornis cyaneus
777.	Blue-naped Pitta	Hydrornis nipalensis
778.	Blue-winged Pitta	Pitta moluccensis
779.	Hooded Pitta	Pitta sordida
780.	Indian Pitta	Pitta brachyura
781.	Mangrove Pitta	Pitta megarhyncha
	PLOVERS AND LAPWINGS
782.	American Golden Plover	Pluvialis dominica
783.	Caspian Plover	Charadrius asiaticus
784.	Common Ringed Plover	Charadrius hiaticula
785.	Eurasian Golden Plover	Pluvialis apricaria
786.	Greater Sand Plover	Charadrius leschenautltii
787.	Grey Plover	Pluvialis squatarola
788.	Grey-headed Lapwing	Vanellus cinereus
789.	Kentish Plover	Charadrius alexandrines
790.	Lesser Sand Plover	Charadrius mongolus
791.	Little Ringed Plover	Charadrius dubius
792.	Long-billed Plover	Charadrius placidus
793.	Northern Lapwing	Vanellus vanellus
794.	Oriental Plover	Charadrius veredus
795.	Red-wattled Lapwing	Vanellus indicus
796.	River Lapwing	Vanellus duvaucelii
797.	White-tailed Lapwing	Vanellus leucurus
798.	Yellow-wattled Lapwing	Vanellus malabaricus
	RAILS AND COOTS
799.	Andaman Crake	Rallina canningi
800.	Baillon's Crake	Zapornia pusilla
801.	Black-tailed Crake	Zapornia bicolor
802.	Brown Crake	Zapornia akool
803.	Brown-cheeked Rail	Rallus indicus
804.	Common Moorhen	Gallinula chloropus
805.	Corncrake	Crex crex
806.	Eurasian Coot	Fulica atra
807.	Grey-headed Swamphen	Porphyrio poliocephalus
808.	Little Crake	Zapornia parva
809.	Ruddy-breasted Crake	Zapornia fusca
810.	Slaty-breasted Rail	Lewinia striata
811.	Slaty-legged Crake	Rallina.eurizonoides
812.	Spotted Crake	Porzana porzana
813.	Water Rail	Rallus aquaticus
814.	Watercock	Gallicrex cinerea
815.	White-breasted Waterhen	Amaurornis phoenicurus
816.	White-browed Crake	Poliolimnas cinereus
	REED WARBLERS AND ALLIES
817.	Black-browed Reed Warbler	Acrocephalus bistrigiceps
818.	Blunt-winged Warbler	Acrocephalus concinens
819.	Blyth's Reed Warbler	Acrocephalus dumetorum
820.	Clamorous Reeg Warbler	Acrocephalus stentoreus
821.	Great Reed Warbler	Acrocephalus arundinaceus
822.	Large-billed Reed Warbler	Acrocephalus orinus
823.	Moustached Warbler	Acrocephalus melanopogon
824.	Oriental Reed Warbler	Acrocephalus orientalis
825.	Paddyfield Warbler	Acrocephalus Agricola
826.	Sedge Warbler	Acrocephalus schoenobaenus
	ROLLERS
827.	Dollarbird	Eurystomus orientalis
828.	European Roller	Coracias garrulus
829.	Indian Roller	Coracias benghalensis
830.	Indochinese Roller	Coracias affinis
	SANDGROUSES
831.	Black-bellied Sandgrouse	Pterocles orientalis
832.	Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse	Pterocles exustus
833.	Painted Sandgrouse	Pterocles indicus
834.	Pallas's Sandgrouse	Syrrhaptes paradoxus
835.	Pin-tailed Sandgrouse	Pterocles alchata
836.	Spotted Sandgrouse	Pterocles senegallus
837.	Tibetan Sandgrouse	Syrrhaptes tibetanus
	SANDPIPERS
838.	Asian Dowitcher	Limnodromus semipalmatus
839.	Bar-tailed Godwit	Limosa lapponica
840.	Black-tailed Godwit	Limosa limosa
841.	Broad-billed Sandpiper	Calidris falcinellus
842.	Buff-breasted Sandpiper	Calidris subruficollis
843.	Common Redshank	Tringa tetanus
844.	Common Sandpiper	Actitis hypoleucos
845.	Common Snipe	Gallinago gallinago
846.	Curlew Sandpiper	Calidris ferruginea
847.	Dunlin	Calidris alpina
848.	Eurasian Curlew	Eurasian Curlew
849.	Eurasian Woodcock	Scolopax rusticola
850.	Great Snipe	Gallinago media
851.	Green Sandpiper	Tringa ochropus
852.	Grey-tailed Tattler	Tringa brevipes
853.	Jack Snipe	Lymnocryptes minimus
854.	Little Stint	Calidris minuta
855.	Long-billed Dowitcher	Limnodromus scolopaceus
856.	Long-toed Stint	Calidris subminuta
857.	Marsh Sandpiper	Tringa stagnatilis
858.	Pectoral Sandpiper	Calidris melanotos
859.	Pintail Snipe	Gallinago stenura
860.	Red Knot	Calidris canutus
861.	Red Phalarope	Phalaropus fulicarius
862.	Red-necked Phalarope	Phalaropus lobatus
863.	Red-necked Stint	Calidris ruficollis
864.	Ruddy Turnstone	Arenaria interpres
865.	Ruff	Calidris pugnax
866.	Sanderling	Calidris alba
867.	Sharp-tailed Sandpiper	Calidris acuminata
868.	Solitary Snipe	Gallinago solitaria
869.	Spotted Redshank	Tringa erythropus
870.	Swinhoe's Snipe	Gallinago megala
871.	Temminck's Stint	Calidris temminckii
872.	Terek Sandpiper	Xenus cinereus
873.	Whimbrel	Numenius phaeopus
874.	Wood Sandpiper	Tringa glareola
	SCIMITAR BABBLERS AND ALLIES
875.	Black-chinned Babbler	Cyanoderma pyrrhops
876.	Buff-chested Babbler	Cyanoderma ambiguum
877.	Cachar Wedge-billed Babbler	Stachyris roberti
878.	Chestnut-capped Babbler	Timalia pileate
879.	Chin Hills Wren Babbler	Spelaeornis oatesi
880.	Coral-billed Scimitar Babbler	Pomatorhinus ferruginosus
881.	Dark-fronted Babbler	Dumetia atriceps
882.	Golden Babbler	Cyanoderma chrysaeum
883.	Grey-bellied Wren Babbler	Spelaeornis reptatus
884.	Grey-throated Babbler	Stachyris nigriceps
885.	Indian Scimitar Babbler	Pomatorhinus horsfieldii
886.	Large Scimitar Babbler	Erythrogenys
887.	Pin-striped Tit Babbler	Mixornis gularis
888.	Red-billed Scimitar Babbler	Pomatorhinus ochraceiceps
889.	Rufous-capped Babbler	Cyanoderma ruficeps
890.	Rufous-throated Wren Babbler	Spelaeornis caudatus
891.	Rusty-cheeked Scimitar Babbler	Erythrogenys erythrogenys
892.	Slender-billed Scimitar Babbler	Pomatorhinus superciliaris
893.	Spot-breasted Scimitar Babbler	Erythrogenys mcclellandi
894.	Streak-breasted Scimitar Babbler	Pomatorhinus ruficollis
895.	Tawny-bellied Babbler	Dumetia hyperythra
896.	White-browed Scimitar Babbler	Pomatorhinus
	SHRIKE-BABBLERS AND ALLIES
897.	Black-eared Shrike-babbler	Pteruthius melanotis
898.	Black-headed Shrike-babbler	Pteruthius rufiventer
899.	Blyth's Shrike-babbler	Pteruthius aeralatus
900.	Clicking Shrike-babbler	Pteruthius intermedius
901.	Green Shrike-babbler	Pteruthius xanthochlorus
902.	Himalayan Shrike-babbler	Pteruthius ripleyi
903.	White-bellied Erpornis	Erpornis zantholeuca
	SHRIKES
904.	Bay-backed Shrike	Lanius vittatus
905.	Brown Shrike	Lanius cristatus
906.	Burmese Shrike	Lanius collurioides
907.	Great Grey Shrike	Lanius excubitor
908.	Grey-backed Shrike	Lanius tephronotus
909.	Isabelline Shrike	Lanius isabellinus
910.	Lesser Grey Shrike	Lanius minor
911.	Long-tailed Shrike	Lanius schach
912.	Masked Shrike	Lanius nubicus
913.	Red-backed Shrike	Lanius collurio
914.	Red-tailed Shrike	Lanius phoenicuroides
915.	Woodchat Shrike	Lanius senator
	SKUAS
916.	Arctic Skua	Stercorarius parasiticus
917.	Brown Skua	Stercorarius antarcticus
918.	Long-tailed Skua	Stercorarius longicaudus
919.	Pomarine Skua	Stercorarius pomarinus
920.	South Polar Skua	Stercorarius maccormicki
	SMALL BABBLERS, FULVETTAS AND ALLIES
921.	Abbott's Babbler	Malacocincla abbotti
922.	Buff-breasted Babbler	Pellorneum tickelli
923.	Eyebrowed Wren Babbler	Napothera epilepidota
924.	Indian Grassbird	Graminicola bengalensis
925.	Long-billed Wren Babbler	Napothera malacoptila
926.	Puff-throated Babbler	Pellorneum ruficeps
927.	Rufous-throated Fulvetta	Schoeniparus rufogularis
928.	Rufous-winged Fulvetta	Schoeniparus castaneceps
929.	Rusty-capped Fulvetta	Schoeniparus dubius
930.	Spot-throated Babbler	Pellorneum albiventre
931.	Streaked Wren Babbler	Gypsophila brevicaudata
932.	White-hooded Babbler	Gampsorhynchus rufulus
933.	Yellow-throated Fulvetta	Schoeniparus cinereus
	SOUTHERN STORM-PETRELS
934.	Black-bellied Storm-petrel	Fregetta tropica
935.	White-faced Storm-petrel	Pelagodroma marina
936.	Wilson's Storm-petrel	Oceanites oceanicus
	SPARROWS AND SNOWFINCHES
937.	Black-winged Snowfinch	Montifringilla adamsi
938.	Blanford's Snowfinch	Pyrgilauda blanfordi
939.	Eurasian Tree Sparrow	Passer montanus
940.	House Sparrow	Passer domesticus
941.	Rock Sparrow	Petronia petronia
942.	Rufous-necked Snowfinch	Pyrgilauda ruficollis
943.	Russet Sparrow	Passer cinnamomeus
944.	Sind Sparrow	Passer pyrrhonotus
945.	Spanish Sparrow	Passer hispaniolensis
946.	White-rumped Snowfinch	Onychostruthus taczanowskii
947.	Yellow-throated Sparrow	Gymnoris xanthocollis
	STARLINGS AND MYNAS
948.	Asian Glossy Staying	Aplonis panayensis
949.	Asian Pied Starling	Gracupica contra
950.	Bank Myna	Acridotheres ginginianus
951.	Brahminy Starling	Sturnia pagodarum
952.	Chestnut-cheeked Starling	Agropsar philippensis
953.	Chestnut-tailed Starling	Sturnia malabarica
954.	Collared Myna	Acridotheres albocinctus
955.	Common Myna	Acridotheres tristis
956.	Common Starling	Sturnus vulgaris
957.	Daurian Starling	Agropsar sturninus
958.	Golden-crested Myna	Ampeliceps coronatus
959.	Great Myna	Acridotheres grandis
960.	Jungle Myna	Acridotheres fuscus
961.	Malabar Starling	Sturnia blythii
962.	Red-billed Starling	Spodiopsar sericeus
963.	Rosy Starling	Pastor roseus
964.	Spot-winged Starling	Saroglossa spilopterus
965.	White-cheeked Starling	Spodiopsar cineraceus
966.	White-headed Starling	Sturnia erythropygia
	STILTS AND AVOCETS
967.	Black-winged Stilt	Himantopus Himantopus
968.	Pied Avocet	Recurvirostra avosetta
	STORKS
969.	Asian Openbill	Anastomus oscitans
970.	Black Stork	Ciconia nigra
971.	Black-necked Stork	Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus
972.	Painted Stork	Mycteria leucocephala
973.	Woolly-necked Stork	Ciconia episcopus
	SUNBIRDS
974.	Black-throated Sunbird	Aethopyga saturate
975.	Crimson Sunbird	Aethopyga siparaja
976.	Crimson-backed Sunbird	Leptocoma minima
977.	Fire-tailed Sunbird	Aethopyga ignicauda
978.	Green-tailed Sunbird	Aethopyga nipalensis
979.	Little Spiderhunter	Arachnothera longirostra
980.	Loten's Sunbird	Cinnyris lotenius
981.	Mrs Gould's Sunbird	Aethopyga gouldiae
982.	Olive-backed Sunbird	Cinnyris jugularis
983.	Purple Sunbird	Cinnyris asiaticus
984.	Purple-rumped Sunbird	Leptocoma zeylonica
985.	Ruby-cheeked Sunbird	Chalcoparia singalensis
986.	Streaked Spiderhunter	Arachnothera magna
987.	Van Hasselt's Sunbird	Leptocoma brasiliana
988.	Vigors's Sunbird	Aethopyga vigorsii
	SWALLOWS AND MARTINS
989.	Asian House Martin	Delichon dasypus
990.	Barn Swallow	Hirundo rustica
991.	Dusky Crag Martin	Ptyonoprogne concolor
992.	Eurasian Crag Martin	Ptyonoprogne rupestris
993.	Grey-throated Martin	Riparia chinensis
994.	Hill Swallow	Hirundo domicola
995.	Nepal House Martin	Delichon nipalense
996.	Northern House Martin	Delichon urbicum
997.	Pacific Swallow	Hirundo tahitica
998.	Pale Martin	Riparia diluta
999.	Red-rumped Swallow	Cecropis daurica
1000.	Sand Martin	Riparia riparia
1001.	Streak-throated Swallow	Petrochelidon fluvicola
1002.	Striated Swallow	Cecropis striolata
1003.	Wire-tailed Swallow	Hirundo smithii
	SWIFTS
1004.	Alpine Swift	Tachymarptis melba
1005.	Asian Palm Swift	Cypsiurus balasiensis
1006.	Blyth’s Swift	Apus leuconyx
1007.	Brown-backed Needletail	Hirundapus giganteus
1008.	Common Swift	Apus apus
1009.	Himalayan Swiftlet	Aerodramus brevirostris
1010.	Indian House Swift	Apus affinis
1011.	Nepal House Swift	Apus nipalensis
1012.	Pacific Swift	Apus pacificus
1013.	Plume-toed Swiftlet	Collocalia affinis
1014.	Silver-backed Needletail	Hirundapus cochinchinensis
1015.	White-rumped Spinetail	Zoonavena sylvatica
1016.	White-throated Needletail	Hirundapus caudacutus
	SYLVIA WARBLERS AND ALLIES
1017.	Asian Desert Warbler	Curruca nana
1018.	Barred Warbler	Curruca nisoria
1019.	Common Whitethroat	Curruca communis
1020.	Eastern Orphean Warbler	Curruca crassirostris
1021.	Garden Warbler	Sylvia borin
1022.	Lesser Whitethroat	Curruca curruca
	THICK-KNEES
1023.	Beach Thick-knee	Esacus magnirostris
1024.	Great Thick-knee	Esacus recurvirostris
1025.	Indian Thick-knee	Bur hinus indicus
	THRUSHES AND ALLIES
1026.	Alpine Thrush	Zoothera mollissima
1027.	Black-breasted Thrush	Turdus dissimilis
1028.	Black-throated Thrush	Turdus atrogularis
1029.	Chestnut Thrush	Turdus rubrocanus
1030.	Chinese Thrush	Otocichla mupinensis
1031.	Dark-sided Thrush	Zoothera marginata
1032.	Dusky Thrush	Turdus eunomus
1033.	Eyebrowed Thrush	Turdus obscurus
1034.	Fieldfare	Turdus pilaris
1035.	Grandala	Grandala coelicolor
1036.	Green Cochoa	Cochoa viridis
1037.	Grey-sided Thrush	Turdus feae
1038.	Grey-winged Blackbird	Turdus boulboul
1039.	Himalayan Forest Thrush	Zoothera salimalii
1040.	Indian Blackbird	Turdus simillimus
1041.	Japanese Thrush	Turdus cardis
1042.	Kessler's Thrush	Turdus kessleri
1043.	Long-billed Thrush	Zoothera monticola
1044.	Long-tailed Thrush	Zoothera dixoni
1045.	Mistle Thrush	Turdus viscivorus
1046.	Naumann's Thrush	Turdus naumanni
1047.	Orange-headed Thrush	Geokichla citrina
1048.	Pied Thrush	Geokichla wardii
1049.	Purple Cochoa	Cochoa purpurea
1050.	Red-throated Thrush	Turdus ruficollis
1051.	Scaly Thrush	Zoothera dauma
1052.	Siberian Thrush	Geokichla sibirica
1053.	Song Thrush	Turdus philomelos
1054.	Tibetan Blackbird	Turdus maximus
1055.	Tickell's Thrush	Turdus unicolor
1056.	White-collared Blackbird	Turdus albocinctus
	TITS
1057.	Azure Tit	Cyanistes cyanus
1058.	Cinereous Tit	Parus cinereus
1059.	Coal Tit	Periparus ater
1060.	Fire-capped Tit	Cephalopyrus flammiceps
1061.	Green-backed Tit	Parus monticolus
1062.	Grey-crested Tit	Lophophanes dichrous
1063.	Ground Tit	Pseudopodoces humilis
1064.	Himalayan Black-lored Tit	Machlolophus xanthogenys
1065.	Indian Black-lored Tit	Machlolophus aplonotus
1066.	Rufous-naped Tit	Periparus.rufonuchalis
1067.	Rufous-vented Tit	Periparus rubidiventris
1068.	Sultan Tit	Melanochlora sultanea
1069.	Yellow-browed Tit	Sylviparus modestus
1070.	Yellow-cheeked Tit	Machlolophus spilonotus
	TREE-CREEPERS AND ALLIES
1071.	Bar-tailed Treecreeper	Certhia himalayana
1072.	Hodgson's Treecreeper	Certhia hodgsoni
1073.	Hume's Treecreeper	Certhia manipurensis
1074.	Indian Spotted Creeper	Salpornis spilonota
1075.	Rusty-flanked Treecreeper	Certhia nipalensis
1076.	Sikkim Treecreeper	Certhia discolor
	TROGONS
1077.	Malabar Trogon	Harpactes fasciatus
1078.	Red-headed Trogon	Harpactes erythrocephalus
	TROPICBIRDS
1079.	Red-billed Tropicbird	Phaethon aethereus
1080.	Red-tailed Tropicbird	Phaethon rubricauda
1081.	White-tailed Tropicbird	Phaethon lepturus
	WALLCREEPER
1082.	Wallcreeper	Tichodroma muraria
	Tichodroma muraria
1083.	Bohemian Waxwing	Bombycilla garrulus
	WEAVERS
1084.	Baya Weaver	Ploceus philippinus
1085.	Black-breasted Weaver	Ploceus benghalensis
1086.	Streaked Weaver	Ploceus manyar
	WHISTLERS
1087.	Mangrove Whistler	Pachycephala cinerea
	WHITE-EYES, YUHINAS AND ALLIES
1088.	Black-chinned Yuhina	Yuhina nigrimenta
1089.	Chestnut-flanked White-eye	Zosterops. Erythropleurus
1090.	Indian White-eye	Zosterops palpebrosus
1091.	Rufous-vented Yuhina	Yuhina occipitalis
1092.	Striated Yuhina	Staphida castaniceps
1093.	Stripe-throated Yuhina	Yuhina gularis
1094.	Whiskered Yuhina	Yuhina flavicollis
1095.	White-naped Yuhina	Yuhina bakeri
	WOODPECKERS AND ALLIES
1096.	Bay Woodpecker	Blythipicus pyrrhotis
1097.	Black-rumped Flameback	Dinopium benghalense
1098.	Brown-capped Pygmy Woodpecker	Yungipicus nanus
1099.	Brown-fronted Woodpecker	Dendrocoptes auriceps
1100.	Common Flameback	Dinopium javanense
1101.	Crimson-breasted Woodpecker	Dryobates cathpharius
1102.	Darjeeling Woodpecker	Dendrocopos darjellensis
1103.	Eurasian Wryneck	Jynx torquilla
1104.	Freckle-breasted Woodpecker	Dendrocopos analis
1105.	Fulvous-breasted Woodpecker	Dendrocopos macei
1106.	Great Spotted Woodpecker	Dendrocopos major
1107.	Greater Flameback	Chrysocolaptes guttacristatus
1108.	Greater Yellownape	Chrysophlegma flavinucha
1109.	Grey-capped Pygmy Woodpecker	Yungipicus canicapillus
1110.	Grey-headed Woodpecker	Picus canus
1111.	Himalayan Flameback	Dinopium shorii
1112.	Himalayan Woodpecker	Dendrocopos himalayensis
1113.	Lesser Yellownape	Picus chlorolophus
1114.	Pale-headed Woodpecker	Gecinulus grantia
1115.	Rufous Woodpecker	Micropternus brachyurus
1116.	Rufous-bellied Woodpecker	Dendrocopos hyperythrus
1117.	Scaly-bellied Woodpecker	Picus squamatus
1118.	Sind Woodpecker	Dendrocopos assimilis
1119.	Speckled Piculet	Picumnus innominatus
1120.	Streak-throated Woodpecker	Picus xanthopygaeus
1121.	Stripe-breasted Woodpecker	Dendrocopos atratus
1122.	White-bellied Woodpecker	Dryocopus javensis
1123.	White-browed Piculet	Sasia ochracea
1124.	White-naped Woodpecker	Chrysocolaptes festivus
	WOODSHRIKES AND ALLIES
1125.	Bar-winged Flycatcher-shrike	Hemipus picatus
1126.	Common Woodshrike	Tephrodornis pondicerianus
1127.	Large Woodshrike	Tephrodornis virgatus
1128.	Malabar Woodshrike	Tephrodornis sylvicola
	WOODSWALLOWS
1129.	Ashy Woodswallow	Artamus fuscus
1130.	White-breasted Woodswallow	Artamus leucorynchus
	WREN BABBLERS
1131.	Nepal Wren Babbler	Pnoepyga immaculata
1132.	Pygmy Wren Babbler	Pnoepyga pusilla
1133.	Scaly-breasted Wren Babbler	Pnoepyga albiventer
	WRENS
1134.	Eurasian Wren	Troglodytes troglodytes

	PART C: REPTILES
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
	GECKOS
1.	Banded Bent-toed Gecko	Banded Bent-toed Gecko
2.	Clouded Indian Gecko	Cyrtodactylus nebulosus
3.	Collegal Ground Gecko	Cyrtodactylus collegalensis
4.	Deccan banded gecko	Cyrtodactylus albofasciatus
5.	Deccan Ground Gecko	Cyrtodactylus deccanensis
6.	Varad Giri’s Ground Gecko	Cyrtodactylus varadgirii
	TURTLES
7.	Asian leaf turtle	Cyclemys gemeli
8.	Brown roofed Turtle	Pangshura smithii
9.	Indian Black Turtle	Melanochelys trijuga
	LIZARDS
10.	Asian Glass Lizard	Dopasia gracilis
11.	Anamalai spiny lizard	Salea anamallayana
12.	Horsfield's spiny lizard	Salea horsfieldii
13.	Southern flying lizard	Draco dussumieri
	BOAS
14.	All species of the Family Boidae except for those listed in Schedule I
	SNAKES
15.	Blind Snakes	All species of the Family Typhlopidae
16.	Colubrid Snakes	All species of the Family Colubridae except those listed in Schedule I
17.	Elapid Snakes	ll species of the Family Elapidae except for those listed in Schedule I
18.	Sand snakes	All species of Family Psammophiidae
19.	Shield-tailed Snakes	All species of the Family Uropeltidae
20.	Sunbeam Snake	All species of the Family Xenopeltidae
21.	Thread Snakes	All species of the Family Leptotyphlopidae
22.	Vipers	All species of the Family Viperidae except for those listed in Schedule I

	PART D: AMPHIBIANS
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
	TOADS
1.	Kemp’s Tree Toad	Bufoides kempi
2.	Khasi Hills Toad	Bufoides meghalayanus
3.	Malabar Tree Toad	Pedostibes tuberculosus
	FROGS
4.	Aloysi Pond Frog	Phrynoderma aloysii
5.	Annandale's Frog/ Assam Hills Frog	Clinotarsus alticola
6.	Bompu Litter Frog	Leptobrachium bompu
7.	Chin Woodfrog	Sylvirana lacrima
8.	Cope's Frog	Hydrophylax leptoglossa
9.	Crab-eating Frog/ Mangrove Frog	Fejervarya moodiei
10.	Ghosh's Frog/ Manipur Frog	Euphlyctis ghoshi
11.	Giant Gliding Frog	Zhangixalus smaragdinus
12.	Himalayan Cascade Frog	Amolops himalayanus
13.	Indian Bullfrog	Hoplobatrachus tigerinus
14.	Indian Pond Frog	Phrynoderma hexadactylum
15.	Indian Skittering Frog	Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis
16.	Indoburman Cascade Frog	Amolops indoburmanensis
17.	Jerdon's White-lipped Horned Frog	Megophrys major
18.	Kalasgram Skittering Frog	Euphlyctis kalasgramensis
19.	Karaavali Pond Frog	Phrynoderma karaavali
20.	Khare's Gliding Frog	Pterorana khare
21.	Kerala Pond Frog	Phrynoderma kerala
22.	Liebig's Frog/Sikkim Paa Frog	Nanorana liebigii
23.	Littoral Bullfrog	Hoplobatrachus litoralis
24.	Mawphlang Hill Stream Frog	Odorrana mawphlangensis
25.	Mokokchung Frog	Nanorana mokokchungensis
26.	Orissa Frog	Fejervarya orissaensis
27.	Perching Frog/ Six-Lined Tree Frog/ Terai tree frog	Polypedates teraiensis
28.	Senchal Cascade Frog	Amolops senchalensis
29.	Sikkim Ombrana	Ombrana sikimensis
30.	Terai Wart Frog	Minervarya teraiensis
31.	Twin-spotted Tree Frog	Rhacophorus bipunctatus
32.	Yellow-spotted White-lipped Horned Frog	Megophrys flavipunctata

	PART E: FISHES
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
	RAYS
1.	Sicklefin Devil Ray	Mobula tarapacana
2.	Mottled Eagle Ray	Aetomylaeus maculatus
3.	Ocellate Eagle Ray	Aetomylaeus milvus
4.	Ornate Eagle Ray	Aetomylaeus vespertilio
	SHARKS
5.	Great Hammerhead	Sphyrna mokarran
6.	Oceanic Whitetip Shark	Carcharhinus longimanus
7.	Smooth Hammerhead	Sphyrna zygaena
8.	Winghead Shark	Eusphyra blochii
	SNAKEHEADS
9.	Barca snakehead	Channa barca
10.	Gollum snakehead	Aenigmachanna Gollum

	PART F: MOLLUSCA
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
	CONCHES
1.	Chiragra Spider Conch	Harpago arthriticus
2.	Harpago Spider Conch	Harpago chiragra
3.	Milleped Spider Conch	Lambis millepeda
4.	Orange Spider Conch	Lambis crocata
5.	Scorpio Spider Conch	Lambis Scorpius
6.	Sibald’s Conch	Dolomena plicata sibbaldii
7.	Trapezium Horse Conch	Pleuroploca trapezium
8.	Truncate Spider Conch	Lambis truncate
	COWRIES
9.	Limacina Cowrie	Staphylaea limacine
10.	Map Cowrie	Leporicypraea
11.	Mole Cowrie	Talparia talpa
	OYSTERS
12.	Windowpane Oyster	Placuna placenta
	TOP SHELLS
13.	Commercial Top Shell	Tectus niloticus
	TURBANS
14.	Green Turban	Turbo marmoratus
	VOLUTES
15.	Vaxillate Yolute / Gold Banded Volute	Harpulina arausiaca

	PART G: ARTHROPODS (OTHER THAN INSECTS)
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
	CRABS
1.	Indo-Pacific Horseshoe Crab	Tachypleus gigas
2.	Mangrove Horseshoe Crab	Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda
	SPIDERS
3.	Anantagiri Parachute Spider	Poecilotheria tigrinawesseli
4.	Bengal Ornamental / Chota Nagpur Parachute Spider	Poecilotheria miranda
5.	Indian Ornamental Spider / Regal Parachute Spider	Poecilotheria regalis
6.	Mysore Ornamental Spider / Striated Parachute Spider	Poecilotheria striata
7.	Peacock Tarantula / Gooty Ornamental tarantula	Poecilotheria metallica
8.	Rameswaram Ornamental Tarantula / Rameshwaram Parachute Spider	Poecilotheria hanumavilasumica
9.	Red Slate Ornamental Tarantula	Poecilotheria rufilata
10.	Salem Ornamental Tarantula	Poecilotheria formosa

	PART H: BUTTERFLIES (LEPIDOPTERA)
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
	FAMILY	HESPERIIDAE
1.	Indian Ace	Halpe homolea
2.	Orange-tailed Awlet	Badamia sena
	FAMILY	LYCAENIDAE
3.	Albocerulean	Udara albocaerulea
4.	Assam Pierrot	Tarucus waterstradti
5.	Banded Royal	Eliotiana jalindra
6.	Barred Lineblue	Prosotas aluta
7.	Bhutya Lineblue	Prosotas bhutea
8.	Black Cupid	Tongeia kala
9.	Black-branded Royal	Tajuria culta
10.	Blue Darkie	Allotinus subviolaceus
11.	Blue Gem	Poritia erycinoides
12.	Blue Quaker	Pithecops fulgens
13.	Blue Tit	Chliaria kina
14.	Branded Royal	Tajuria melastigma
15.	Branded Yamfly	Yasoda tripunctata
16.	Broad Spark	Sinthusa chandrana
17.	Brown Tit	Hypolycaena theclodies nicobarica
18.	Cerulean Hairstreak	Neozephyrus suroia
19.	Chestnut-and-black Royal	Tajuria yajna
20.	Chinese Royal	Tajuria luculenta
21.	Chocolate Royal	Remelana jangala
22.	Chumbi Green Underwing	Patricius younghusbandi
23.	Common Gem	Poritia hewitsoni
24.	Common Tinsel	Catapoecilma major
25.	Dark Blue Royal	Pratapa icetas mishmia
26.	Dark Mottle	Logania distanti
27.	Dark Tinsel	Acupicta delicatum
28.	de Niceville’s Dull Oakblue	Amblypodia agrata
29.	Dull Green Hairstreak	Esakiozephyrus icana
30.	Dusky Bushblue	Arhopala paraganesa
31.	Dusky Meadow Blue	Alpherakya devanica
32.	Elwes’ Silverline	Spindasis elwesi
33.	Falcate Oakblue	Mahathala ameria
34.	Felder’s Lineblue	Catopyrops Ancyra
35.	Frosted Cerulean	Jamides kankena
36.	Glazed Oakblue	Arhopala paralea
37.	Great Spotted Blue	Phengaris atroguttata
38.	Green Flash	Artipe eryx
39.	Green Sapphire	Helipphorus Androcles
40.	Hampson’s Hedge Blue	Acytolepis lilacea
41.	Hedge Cupid	Bothrinia chennelli
42.	Hewitson’s Dull Oakblue	Arhopala oenea
43.	Indigo Flash	Rapala varuna
44.	Jakama Hairstreak	Shirozuozephyrus jakamensis
45.	Kabru Green Hairstreak	Chrysozephyrus kabrua
46.	Khaki Silverline	Spindasis Rukmini
47.	Kirbari Hairstreak	Shirozuozephyrus kirbariensis
48.	Large Fourlineblue	Nacaduba Pactolus
49.	Lilac Oakblue	Arhopala camdeo
50.	Lilac Oakblue	Arhopala camdeo
51.	Lilac Silverline	Apharitis lilacinus
52.	Lister’s Haigstreak	Pamela dudgeonii
53.	Long-banded Silverline	Spindasis lohita
54.	Malayan	Magisba
55.	Many-tailed Oakblue	Thaduka multicaudata
56.	Metallic Cerulean	Jamides Alecto
57.	Metallic Hedge Blue	Callenya melaena
58.	Moore’s Cupid	Shijimia moorei
59.	Naga Saphire	Heliophorus kohimensis
60.	Narrow Spark	Sinthusa nasaka
61.	Nilgiri Tit	Hypolycaena nilgirica
62.	Pale Bushblue	Arhopala aberrans
63.	Pale Fourlineblue	Nacaduba hermus
64.	Pale Grand Imperial	Neocheritra fabronia
65.	Pale Spark	Sinthusa virgo
66.	Pallid Oakblue	Amblypodia alesia
67.	Pallid Royal	Tajuria albiplaga
68.	Peacock Royal	Tajuria cippus
69.	Plain Plushblue	Flos apidanus
70.	Plane	Bindahara phocides
71.	Pointed Ciliate Blue	Anthene lycaenina
72.	Pointed Lineblue	Ionolyce helicon
73.	Pointed Pierrot	Niphanda cymbia
74.	Powdered Green Hairstreak	Chrysozephyrus zoa
75.	Red Imperial	Suasa lisides
76.	Refulgent Flash	Rapala refulgens
77.	Royal Cerulean	Jamides caeruleus
78.	Scarce Shot Silverline	Spindasis elima
79.	Scarce Silverstreak Blue	Iraota rochana
80.	Scarce Slate Flash	Rapala scintilla
81.	Shot Flash	Rapala buxaria
82.	Silver Hairstreak	Inomataozephyrus syla
83.	Silver Royal	Ancema blanka
84.	Silvergrey Silverline	Spindasis nipalicus
85.	Silver-Streaked Acacia Blue	Zinaspa todara
86.	Small Green Underwing	Albulina metallica
87.	Spotless Oakblue	Arhopala fulla
88.	Spotted Pierrot	Tarucus callinara
89.	Straight Pierrot	Caleta roxus
90.	Straightline Royal	Tajuria diaeus
91.	Straightwing Blue	Orthomiella pontis
92.	Sylhet Oakblue	Arhopala silhetensis
93.	Tailless Bushblue	Amblypodia Ganesa
94.	Tailless Lineblue	Prosotas
95.	Tailless Metallic Green Hairstreak	Shirozuozephyrus khasia
96.	Tailless Plishblue	Flos areste
97.	Tamil Oakblue	Arhopala bazaloides
98.	Truncate Imperial	Cheritrella truncipennis
99.	Tytler’s Green Hairstreak	Chrysozephyrus vittatus
100.	Tytler’s Lascar	Pantoporia bieti paona
101.	Tytler’s Rosy Oakblue	Arhopala allata suffuse
102.	Una	Una usta
103.	Uncertain Royal	Tajuria ister
104.	Violet Onyx	Horaga onyx
105.	Violet Onyx	Horaga albimacula
106.	White Cerulean	Jamides pura
107.	White Royal	Pratapa deva
108.	White Royal	Tajuria illurgioides
109.	White Royal	Tajuria illurgis
110.	White-spotted Hairstreak	Shizuyaozephyrus ziha
111.	White-tipped Lineblue	Prosotas noreia
112.	Witch	Araotes lapithis
113.	Wonderful Hairstreak	Thermozephyrus ataxus zulla
	FAMILY	NYMPHALIDAE
114.	Autumn Leaf	Doleschallia bisaltide
115.	Bamboo Treebrown	Lethe Europa
116.	Banded Marquis	Euthalia teuta
117.	Black Rajah	Charaxes solon
118.	Blackvein Sergeant	Athyma ranga
119.	Blue Duchess	Euthalia duda
120.	Blue Forester	Lethe scanda
121.	Blue Oakleaf	Kallima horsfieldi
122.	Blue-tailed Jester	Symbrenthia niphanda
123.	Branded Evening Brown	Cyllogenes suradeva
124.	Broad-banded Sailer	Neptis sankara
125.	Broadstick Sailer	Neptis Narayana
126.	Bronze Duke	Euthalia nara
127.	Brown Argus	Ypthima hyagriva
128.	Brown Forester	Lethe serbonis
129.	Brown Prince	Rohana parvata
130.	Chestnut-streaked Sailer	Neptis jumbah
131.	China Nawab	Polyura narcaeus
132.	Chinese Bushbrown	Mycalesis gotama
133.	Chinese Yellow Sailer	Neptis cydippe kirbariensis
134.	Clear Sailer	Neptis clinia
135.	Clipper	Parthenos sylvia
136.	Comma	Polygonia c -album
137.	Commodore	Auzakia danava
138.	Common Archduke	Lexias pardalis jadeitina
139.	Common Baron	Euthalia aconthea
140.	Common Beak	Libythea lepita
141.	Common Forester	Lethe insane
142.	Common Nawab	Polyura athamas
143.	Courtesan	Euripus nyctelius
144.	Creamy Sailer	Neptis soma
145.	Danaid Eggfly	Hypolimnas misippus
146.	Dark Archduke	Lexias dirtea
147.	Dark Baron	Euthalia merta
148.	Dark Forester	Lethe brisanda
149.	Dark Forester	Lethe
150.	De Niceville’s Bushbrown	Mycalesis misenus
151.	Desert Fourring	Ypthima bolanica
152.	Dot-dash Sergeant	Athyma kanwa
153.	Dusky Labyrinth	Neope yama
154.	Eastern Fivering	Ypthima similis
155.	False Comma	Polygonia | -album
156.	Freak	Calinaga buddha
157.	French Duke	Euthalia franciae
158.	Grand Duchess	Euthalia patala
159.	Great Archduke	Lexias cyanipardus
160.	Great Evening Brown	Melanitis zitenius
161.	Great Sergeant	Athyma larymna
162.	Great Yellow Sailer	Neptis radha
163.	Grey Baron	Euthalia anosia
164.	Grey Commodore	Bhagadatta austenia
165.	Grey Count	Cynitia lepidea
166.	Highbrown Silverspot	Argynnis jainadeva
167.	Jewelled Nawab	Polyura delphis
168.	Jezabel Palmfly	Elymnias Vasudeva
169.	Large TawnyWall	Raphicera satricus
170.	Lavender Count	Cynitia Cocytus
171.	Lepcha Bushbrown	Mycalesis Lepcha
172.	Long-branded Blue Crow	Euploea algea
173.	Malabar Tree Nymph	Idea malabarica
174.	Manipur Goldenfork	Lethe kabrua
175.	Manipur Woodbrown	Lethe kanjupkula
176.	Many-tufted Bushbrown	Mycaleisis mystes
177.	Marbled Map	Cyrestis cocles
178.	Moeller‘s Silverfork	Lethe moelleri
179.	Mongol	Araschnia prorsoides dohertyi
180.	Moore’s Bushbrown	Mycalesis heri
181.	Mountain Silverspot	Issoria altissima
182.	Naga Treebrown	Lethe naga
183.	Painted Courtesan	Euripus consimilis
184.	Pale Forester	Lethe latiaris
185.	Pale Green Sailer	Neptis Zaida
186.	Pale Hockeystick Sailer	Neptis manasa manasa
187.	Pallid Argus	Callerebia scanda
188.	Panther	Neurosigma siva
189.	Pasha	Herona marathus
190.	Plain Bushbrown	Mycalesis malsarida
191.	Plain Threering	Ypthima lycus
192.	Queen of Spain Fritillary	Issoria lathonia
193.	Red Lacewing	Cethosia biblis
194.	Red-spot Duke	Euthalia Evelina
195.	Ringed Argus	Callerebia annada
196.	Scarce Blue Oakleaf	Kallima knyvetti
197.	Scarce Evening Brown	Cyllogenes janetae
198.	Scarce Mountain Argus	Erebia kalinda kalinda
199.	Scarce Red Forester	Lethe distans
200.	Scarce Tawny Rajah	Charaxes aristogiton
201.	Scarce Wall	Lasiommata maerula
202.	Scarce Woodbrown	Lethe sidereal
203.	Sergeant Emperor	Mimathyma chevana
204.	Shandur Rockbrown	Chazara heydenreichi
205.	Short-banded Sailer	Phaedyma columella
206.	Silverstreak	Argynnis clara
207.	Siren	Hestina persimilis
208.	Small Goldenfork	Lethe atkinsoni
209.	Small Leopard	Phalanta alcippe
210.	Small Silverfork	Lethe jalaurida
211.	Small Woodbrown	Lethe nicetella
212.	Sordid Emperor	Chitona sordida
213.	Spotted Blue Crow	Euploea midamus
214.	Spotted Mystic	Lethe tristigmata
215.	Spotted Palmfly	Elymnias malelas
216.	Spotted Sailer	Neptis magadh khasiana
217.	Stately Nawab	Polyura dolon
218.	Striped Ringlet	Ragadia crisilda
219.	Studded Sergeant	Pantoporia asura
220.	Tailed Red Forester	Lethe sinorix
221.	Tamil Catseye	Zipotis saitis
222.	Tamil Lacewing	Cethosia nietneri
223.	Tawny Rajah	Charaxes Bernardus
224.	Tibetan Jewel Blue	Phengaris eversmanni
225.	Tibetan Satyr	Oeneis buddha
226.	Travancore Evening Brown	Parantirrhoea marshalli
227.	Treble Silverstripe	Lethe baladeva
228.	Unbroken Sergeant	Athyma pravara
229.	Variegated Fivering	Ypthima methora
230.	Variegated Rajah	Charaxes kahruba
231.	Variegated Sailer	Neptis armandia
232.	Veined Labyrinth	Lethe pulaha
233.	Watson’s Bushbrown	Mycalesis adamsoni
234.	Wavy Maplet	Chersonesia intermedia
235.	White Commodore	Parasarpa dudu
236.	White Oakleaf	Kallima albofasciata
237.	White Owl	Neorina patria
238.	Whitebar Bushbrown	Mycalesis anaxias
239.	White-edged Bushbrown	Mycalesis mestra
240.	White-edged Woodbrown	Lethe visrava
241.	White-ringed Meadowbrown	Hyponephele davendra
242.	Wizard	Rhinopalpa Polynice
243.	Wood-Mason’s Bushbrown	Mycalesis suaveolens
244.	Yellow Argus	Paralasa mani
245.	Yellow Kaiser	Penthema lisarda
246.	Yellow Owl	Neorina hilda
247.	Yellow Rajah	Charaxes marmax
248.	Yellowjack Sailer	Lasippa viraja nar
	FAMILY	PAPILIONIDAE
249.	Andaman Mormon	Papilio mayo
250.	Blue-striped Mime	Papilio slateri
251.	Brown Gorgon	Meandrusa:lachinus
252.	Chain Swordtail	Graphium aristeus
253.	Chinese Windmill	Byasa plutonius
254.	Common Banded Peacock	Papilio crino
255.	Common Bluebottle	Graphium Sarpedon
256.	Common Mime	Chilasa clytia
257.	Common Red Apollo	Parnassius epaphus
258.	Common Yellow Swallowtail	Papilio machaon
259.	Crimson Rose	Pachliopta hector
260.	Fourbar Swordtail	Graphium agetes
261.	Glassy Bluebottle	Graphium cloanthus
262.	Golden Birdwing	Troides aeacus aeacus
263.	Great Blue Mime	Papilio paradoxa
264.	Great Jay	Graphium eurypylus
265.	Green Dragontail	Lamproptera meges virescens
266.	Keeled Apolio	Parassius jacquemonti
267.	Lesser Mime	Papilio epycides
268.	Malabar Banded Peacock	Papilio buddha
269.	Regal Apollo	Parnassius charltonius
270.	Rose Windmill	Byasa latreillei
271.	Scarce Jay	Graphium albociliatis
272.	Southern Birdwing	Troides minos
273.	Spotted Jay	Graphium arycles
274.	Spotted Zebra	Graphium megarus
275.	Tailed Redbreast	Papilio bootes
	FAMILY	PIERIDAE
276.	Bhutan Blackvein	Aporia harrietae
277.	Blue Nawab	Appias wardii
278.	Broadwing Jezabel	Delias lativitta
279.	Chocolate Albatross	Appias lyncida
280.	Common Albatross	Albina
281.	Dusky Blackvein	Aporia nabellica
282.	Fiery Clouded Yellow	Colias eogene
283.	Kashmir White	Pieris deota
284.	Ladak Clouded Yellow	Colias ladakensis
285.	Lesser Bath White	Pontia chloridice
286.	Lesser Gull	Cepora nadina
287.	One-spot Grass Yellow	Eurema andersoni
288.	Orange Clouded Yellow	Colias stoliczkana
289.	Pale Wanderer	Pareronia avatar
290.	Plain Puffin	Appias indra
291	Plain Sulphur	Dercas lycorias
	FAMILY	RIODINIDAE
292.	Lesser Punch	Dedona dipoea
293.	Orange Punch	Dodona egeon
294.	Straight Plum Judy	Abisara kausambi
295.	Striped Punch	Dodona adonira

	PART I: PORIFERA
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
1.	Sponges	All species of the Class Calcarea

SCHEDULE III

(See Chapter III-A and sections 50, 51, 54 and 57)

	SPECIFIED PLANTS
Sl. No. Common name	Scientific name
1.	Strobilanthes kunthianus	Neel kurinji
2.	Coptis teeta	Gold threat, Mishmi teeta
3.	Coscinium fenestratum	Tree turmeric
4.	Taxus wallichiana	Common yew
5.	Vanda coerulea	Blue vanda
6.	Nepenthes khasiana	Pitcher plant
7.	Renanthera imschootiana	Red vanda
8.	Cycas spp.
9.	Ceropegias spp.
10.	Aenhenrya rotundifolia
11.	Odontochilus grandifloras
12.	Odontochiluste trapterus
13.	Rhomboda pulchra
14.	Vrydagzynea viridiflora
15.	Zeuxine andamanica
16.	Ipsea malabarica	Daffodil orchid
17.	Habenaria barnesii
18.	Podophyllum hexandrum	Indian podohyllum
19.	Dolomiaea costus	Kuth

SCHEDULE IV

(See Chapter VB and sections 39, 50, 51, 54, 57)

Interpretation

1. Species included in these Appendices are referred to:

1. by the name of the species; or

4. as being all of the species included in a higher taxon or designated part thereof.

   2. The abbreviation “spp.” is used to denote all species of a higher taxon.

   3. Other references to taxa higher than species are for the purposes of information or classification only. The common names included after the scientific names of families are for reference only. They are intended to indicate the species within the family concerned that are included in the Appendices. In most cases this is not all of the species within the family.

   4. The following abbreviations are used for plant taxa below the level of species:

1. “ssp.” is used to denote subspecies; and

2. “var(s).” is used to denote variety (varieties).

   5. As none of the species or higher taxa of FLORA included in Appendix I is annotated to the effect that its hybrids shall be treated in accordance with the provisions of Article III of the Convention, this means that artificially propagated hybrids produced from one or more of these species or taxa may be traded with a certificate of artificial propagation, and that seeds and pollen (including pollinia), cut flowers, seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or liquid media, transported in sterile containers of these hybrids are not subject to the provisions of the Convention.

   6. The names of the countries in parentheses placed against the names of species in Appendix [II are those of the Parties submitting these species for inclusion in this Appendix.

   7. The names of the countries in parentheses placed against the names of species in Appendix [II are those of the Parties submitting these species for inclusion in this Appendix.

   8. When a species is included in one of the Appendices, the whole, live or dead, animal or plant is included. In addition, for animal species listed in Appendix III and plant species listed in Appendix II or II, all parts and derivatives of the species are also included in the same Appendix unless the species is annotated to indicate that only specific parts and derivatives are included. The symbol # followed by a number placed against the name of a species or higher taxon included in Appendix II or III refers to a footnote that indicates the parts or derivatives of animals or plants that are designated as 'specimens' subject to the provisions of the Convention in accordance with Article I, paragraph (b), subparagraph (ii) or (ili). Numbers not preceded by a # symbol placed against the name of a species or higher taxon refer to a footnote that indicates specific conditions or restrictions that are applicable to trade of such species or higher taxon under the Convention.

   9. The terms and expressions below, used in annotations in these Appendices, are defined as follows:

Extract

Any substance obtained directly from plant material by physical or chemical means regardless of the manufacturing process. An extract may be solid (e.g. crystals, resin, fine or coarse particles), semi-solid (e.g. gums, waxes) or liquid (e.g. solutions, tinctures, oil and essential oils).

Finished musical instruments

A musical instrument (as referenced by the Harmonized System of the World Customs Organization, Chapter 92; musical instruments, parts and accessories of such articles) that is ready to play or needs only the installation of parts to make it playable. This term includes antique instruments (as defined by the Harmonized System codes 97.05 and 97.06; Works of art, collectors’ pieces and antiques).

Finished musical instrament accessories

A musical instrument accessory (as referenced by the Harmonized System of the World Customs Organization, Chapter 92; musical instruments, parts and accessories of such articles) that is separate from the musical instrument, and is specifically designed or shaped to be used explicitly in association with an instrument, and that requires no further modification to be used.

Finished musical instrument parts

A part (as referenced by the Harmonized System of the World Customs Organization, Chapter 92: musical instruments, parts and accessories of such articles) of a musical instrument that is ready to install and is specifically designed and shaped to be used explicitly in association with the instrument to make it playable.

Finished products packaged and ready for retail trade

Products, shipped singly or in bulk, requiring no further processing, packaged, labelled for final use or the retail trade in a state fit for being sold to or used by the general public.

Powder

An, solid substance in the form of fine or coarse particles.

Shipment

Cargo transported under the terms of a single bill of lading or air waybill, irrespective of the quantity or number of containers, packages, or pieces worn, carried or included in personal baggage.

Ten (10) kg per shipment

For the term "10 kg per shipment", the 10 kg limit should be interpreted as referring to the weight of the individual portions of each item in the shipment made of wood of the species concerned. In other words, the 10 kg limit is to be assessed against the weight of the individual portions of wood of Dalbergia/Guibourtia species contained in each item of the shipment, rather than against the total weight of the shipment.

Transformed wood

Defined by Harmonized System code 44.09: Wood (including strips, friezes for parquet flooring, not assembled), continuously shaped (tongued, grooved, v-jointed, beaded or the like) along any edges, ends or faces, whether or not planed, sanded or end-jointed.

Woodchips

Wood that has been reduced to small pieces.]

Annexe I - ANNEXE

PROVISIONS OF THE WILD LIFE (PROTECTION) ACT, 1972 (53 OF 1972) WHICH HAVE BEEN EITHER SUBSTITUTED OR OMITTED BY THE WILD LIFE (PROTECTION) AMENDMENT ACT, 2002, AS THEY STOOD BEFORE SUBSTITUTION OR OMISSION.

Long title

An Act to provide for the protection of wild animals, birds and plants and for matters connected therewith or andllary or inddental thereto.

Clause (1) of section 2

(1) "animal" indudes amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles and their young, and also indudes, in the cases of birds and reptiles, their eggs;

Clause (4) of section 2

(4) "Board" means the Wild Life Advisory Board constituted under sub-section (1) of section 6;

Clause (8) of section 2

(8) "closed area" means the area which is declared under sub-section (1) of section 37 to be closed to hunting;

Clause (9) of section 2

(9) "Collector" means the chief officer in charge of the revenue administration of a district;

Clause (12A) of section 2

(12A) "Forest Officer" means the Forest Officer appointed under clause (2) of section 2 of the Indian Forest Act, 1927;

Sub-clauses (a) and (b) of clause (16) of section 2

(a) capturing, killing, poisoning, snaring and trapping of any wild animal and every attempt to do so,

(b) driving any wild animal for any of the purposes specified in sub-clause (a),

Clause (18A) of section 2

(18A) "Iive stock" indudes buffaloes, bulls, bullocks, camels, cows, donkeys, goats, horses, mules, pigs, sheeps, yaks and also indudes their young;

Clauses (19) and (20) of section 2

(19) "manufacturer" means a manufacturer of animal articles;

(20) "meat" indudes blood, bones, sinew, eggs, fat and flesh, whether raw or cooked, of any wild animal, other than vermin;

Clause (25B) of section 2

(25B) "reserve forest" means the forest declared to be reserved by the State Government under section 20 of the Indian Forest Act, 1927 (16 of 1927);

Clause (26) of section 2

(26) "sanctuary" means an area declared, whether under section 26A or section 38, or deemed, under sub-section (3) of section 66, to be declared, as a wild life sanctuary;

Clause (28) of section 2

(28) "special game" means any animal specified in Schedule II;

Clause (30) of section 2

(30) "taxidermy", with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions, means the curing, preparation or preservation of trophies;

Sub-clause (b) of clause (31) of section 10

(b) antler, horn, rhinoceros horn, hair, feather, nail, tooth, musk, eggs and nests;

Clause (36) of section 2

(36) "wild animal" means any animal found wild in nature and indudes any animal specified in Schedule I, Schedule II, Schedule III, Schedule IV or Schedule V, wherever found;

Clause (37) of section 2

(37) "wild life" indudes any animal, bees, butterflies, crustacea, fish and moths; and aquatic or land vegetation which form part of any habitat;

Clause (b) of sub-section (1) of section 3

(b) Assistant Directors of Wild Life Preservation; and

Sub-section (3) of section 3

(3) The Assistant Directors of Wild Life Preservation and other officers and employees appointed under this section shall be subordinate to the Director.

Clause (bb) of sub-section (1) of section 4

(bb) one Honorary Wild Life Warden in each district; and