RAJASTHAN PARA-MEDICAL COUNCIL (AMENDMENT) REGULATIONS, 2023

 

PREAMBLE

In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section(3) of section 42 of the Rajasthan Para-medical Council Act, 2008 (Act No. 25 of 2008), the Rajasthan Para-Medical Council, with the approval of the State Government hereby makes the following regulations further to amend the Rajasthan Para-medical Council Regulations, 2014 and 2015, namely:-

Regulation - 1. Short title and commencement.

(1)     These regulations may be called the Rajasthan Para-medical Council (Amendment) Regulations, 2023.

(2)     They shall come into force with immediate effect.

Regulation - 2. Substitution of regulation 41.

The existing regulation 41 of the Rajasthan Para Medical Council Regulation, 2014 and 2015, hereinafter referred to as the said regulations, shall be substituted by the following, namely:-

"41. Courses and Syllabus.-

(1)     The Council may allow the recognized institutions, Universities to conduct the courses specified in tables given below. The Council may include more courses with the prior permission of the State Government.

 

TABLE A

 

TABLE B

(2)     The syllabus for the Diploma Courses mentioned in sub-regulation (1) above, shall be as specified in Schedule-1 to Schedule-14.

(3)     The Council may, at any time, amend or modify syllabus of any course. Such amended or modified syllabus shall be effective from the next session of the course."

Provided that only such Universities, who have their own Medical College(s), shall be eligible to conduct Degree course(s) mentioned in TABLE B.

Provided that such Universities, who are operating Medical College(s) and are interested in conducting Degree Course(s) mentioned in TABLE B, shall have to adopt the relevant Degree syllabusas prescribed by Rajasthan University of Health Sciences (RUHS) for the course(s) which they are interested in conducting in their respective University.

Provided further that for such courses for which Rajasthan University of Health Sciences (RUHS) has not prescribed a syllabus, The concerned University shall prepare the syllabus at their own level and get it ratified by their Board of Management after which, such Universities shall then seek consent from Rajasthan University of Health Sciences (RUHS) to conduct such course(s) for their students. Rajasthan University of Health Sciences (RUHS) shall ensure uniformity in the syllabus(s) prepared by these University(s). After receiving the consent by Rajasthan University of Health Sciences (RUHS), such Universities shall apply to Rajasthan Para-Medical Council for affiliation of such course(s) after which they may be able to conduct the concerned degree course(s)for their students.

Regulation - 3. Substitution of regulation 42.

The existing regulation 42 of the Rajasthan Para-Medical Council Regulation, 2014, hereinafter referred to as the said regulations, shall be substituted by the following, namely:-

"42. Eligibility for registration.-

The following persons who has domicile of Rajasthan shall be eligible for registration,-

(i)       who has obtained diploma and degree of a Para-medical course from any Government body or private body permitted by the Government for the purpose who has run the course and awarded diploma and degree before the commencement of these regulations;

(ii)      who has passed the Para-medical course from any institution recognized by the Rajasthan Para-medical Council;

(iii)     who has passed the Para-medical course from any institution/Government body, outside the territories of Rajasthan, recognized for the purpose by the concerned State Government or Central Government Medical Department, and if Registered with respective State/Union Territories Para-Medical council applied with Cancellation Certificate of respective State Council registration and NOC of the council;

(iv)    who has passed the Para-medical course from any institution, outside the territories of India, recognized for the purpose by the Government of the country concerned and verified by Government of India;

Provided that such person(s), who has/have acquired Para-Medical Diploma through distance education mode prior to year 2015 shall be given an option to appear for an examination to be conducted by the Council if they so desire. Such person(s), who, opts/opt to appear for the examination, which shall be conducted by the Council, pass the aforesaid examination, they would be deemed to have qualified as per the regulations and they shall be deemed eligible for registration with Rajasthan Para-Medical Council (RPMC).

Provided further that the aforesaid option shall only be provided once and it shall not be treated as a precedent

Provided also that such person(s), who will/have acquired Para-Medical Degree and Diploma prior to June 2023 from such University established by an Act of the Government of Rajasthan and obtain recognition from Rajasthan Para-Medical Council within 6 months from the date of publication of these Regulations shall be given an option to appear for an examination to be conducted by the Council if they so desire. Such person(s), who, opts/opt to appear for the examination, which shall be conducted by the Council, pass the aforesaid examination, they would be deemed to have qualified as per the regulations and they shall be deemed eligible for registration with Rajasthan Para-Medical Council (RPMC):

Provided also that the aforesaid option shall only be provided once and it shall not be treated as a precedent."

Regulation - 4. Substitution of regulation 51.

The existing regulation 51 of the Rajasthan Para-Medical Council Regulations, 2014 as amended by Rajasthan Para- Medical Council Regulations, 2015, hereinafter referred to as the said regulations, shall be substituted by the following, namely:

"51. Eligibility criteria for admission.-

(1)     The minimum qualification for admission to the Para-medical Diploma Courses shall be 10+2 class pass with Science subjects (Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and Mathematics,) with minimum 45 percent marks in aggregate. Minimum aggregate marks for the Candidates belonging to Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Backward Class or Special Backward Class shall be 40 percent.

(2)     The minimum age for admission shall be 17 years on or before 31st December of the year in which admission is sought."

Regulation - 5. Substitution of regulation 52.

The existing regulation 52 of the Rajasthan Para-Medical Council Regulation, 2014 as amended by Rajasthan Para- Medical Council Regulation, 2015, hereinafter referred to as the said regulations, shall be substituted by the following, namely:-

"52. Procedure for recognition.-

(1)     Every Para-medical institution seeking recognition must be an organization under Central Government/State Government/local body or Society registered under the relevant law or Trust or Company incorporated under the Companies Act.

(2)     The Council shall invite online applications yearly, for recognition, on the basis of demand-supply and shall consider them for recognition in the manner provided in these regulations. The application for recognition shall be made to the Registrar in Form-4 and shall be accompanied by such fees as specified in Schedule-15.

(3)     On receipt of an application in Form-4, application shall be scrutinized by the Council and if found complete, the Council shall organize inspection of the institute.

(4)     A panel of Inspectors shall be prepared by the Council who shall inspect the institutions. A member of the Council shall not be eligible to be included in the panel of Inspectors.

(5)     The Registrar shall appoint two inspectors for the inspection, from the panel of Inspectors, at random. The Inspectors, so appointed, shall submit inspection report to the Registrar in Form-5 separately within 15 days of the appointment. If any Inspector fails to submit his inspection report within time specified above, the Registrar may appoint another Inspector.

(6)     If Registrar is not satisfied with the inspection report or the institution has any disagreement with the inspection report, the Registrar may appoint third Inspector and such Inspector shall submit his inspection report within 15 days of his appointment. The Registrar may also inspect himself. The inspection report of Registrar or third Inspector shall be final. If third inspection is done on the request of the institution, the institution will have to pay fees specified in Schedule- 16.

(7)     The Council after considering inspection report/reports, may either issue letter of recognition or reject the application within 90 days from the last date fixed for receipt of the application under sub-regulation (2) above.

(8)     Any institution who has continuously run any Para-medical course successfully for five years and fulfils all the standards fixed by the Council and if there is no complaint against that institution, permanent recognition may be granted by the Council to such institution on the payment of the fees decided by the Council.

Regulation - 6. Substitution of regulation 53.

The existing regulation 53 of the said regulations shall be substituted by the following, namely:-

"53. Infrastructure in Institutions.-

(1)     For recognition of a Para-medical institution under these regulations, the institute must have the following infrastructure facilities, namely: -

(A)     Physical Facility:

(i)       Building - Institute shall have preferably its own building. Whereas to start institute with a rented building, permission may be granted for a period of maximum 5 years on submission of registered rent agreement. But for permanent recognition own building shall be essential. Standard minimum requirement for one course with 25 students shall be as under:-

(ii)      Dedicated space of 4000 Sq. ft. area per Diploma course for 25 seats is essential.

(iii)     If sanctioned seats are above 25 (up to 50),-

(a)      Number of class room required will be two but the area of each class room should be minimum 600 Sq. feat.

(b)      Number of Lab required will be one only but the area of Lab should be minimum 600 Sq. feat.

(iv)    If sanctioned seats are above 50, the number of class rooms and Labs will increase proportionately.

(B)     Library Facilities:

(i)       Two State level Hindi and one state level English newspaper and Journals related to course are essential.

(ii)      Reference and text books in sufficient number in required.

(C)     Teaching Faculty:

NOTE:

(i)       Students Teachers Ratio should be - 10:1

(ii)      Principal and technicians will be counted in teaching faculty

(iii)     Minimum required faculty for each course will be 03

(D)     Clinical Facility:

(i)       The Institute should have own Hospital/Lab.

(ii)      The Hospital/Lab should have Pollution Control Board certificate, Clinical Establishment Act registration and other essential licenses required from various departments under prevalent Act, Rules and Regulations.

(iii)     Required clinical facilities are as under:-

(iv)    Hospital/Lab should have modern machine and equipments.

(v)      Distance of Institute from Hospital/Lab shall be,-

maximum 25 Km. from city with population above 10 lakh, and

maximum 10 Km. from city with population up to 10 Lakh.

(E)     Equipments and Instruments:

(1)     Equipments and instruments required for various Diploma courses shall be as specified in Schedule-17 to Schedule-31.

(2)     Infrastructure facilities should be made available at the time of inspection for physical verification.

Provided that for degree courses Bachelor in Medical Laboratory Technology, Bachelor in Radiation Technology and Bachelor in Opthalmic Technology mentioned in Table B of regulation 41(1), the University(s) who wish to conduct the aforesaid course(s) shall follow the infrastructure criteria laid down by the Rajasthan University of Health Sciences (RUHS) in order to be considered for recognition by Rajasthan Para-Medical Council.

Provided further that for the rest of the degree course(s) mentioned in Table B of regulation 41(1), the University(s) who wish to conduct such course(s) shall lay down the infrastructure criteria after seeking consent from the Rajasthan University of Health Sciences (RUHS). Rajasthan University of Health Sciences (RUHS) shall be obliged to ensure uniformity in the infrastructure criteria to be laid down by such University(s) who wish to conduct the aforesaid degree course(s before according its consent."

Regulation - 7. Substitution of regulation 55.

The existing regulation 55 of the Rajasthan Para-Medical Council Regulation, 2014 as amended by Rajasthan Para- Medical Council Regulation, 2015, hereinafter referred to as the said regulations, shall be substituted by the following, namely:-

"55. Remuneration for inspection.-

The Inspectors, invigilators and Examiners appointed for the purpose shall be paid actual travelling expenses up to the limit of Second AC plus Rs. 3000/- as honorarium as per earlier rules."

Regulation - 8. Substitution of Schedule 16.

The existing Schedule16 of the Rajasthan Para- Medical Council Regulation, 2014 as amended by Rajasthan Para- Medical Council Regulation, 2015, hereinafter referred to as the said regulations, shall be substituted by the following, namely:-

 

"Schedule-15

Charges and Fees

[See regulation 45,47,52 & 54]

Various charge and fees:-

 

Regulation - 9. Amendment of regulation 44.

In regulation 44 of the said regulations, for the existing expression "Schedule-16", the expression "Schedule-15" shall be substituted.

Regulation - 10. Amendment of regulation 45.

In sub-regulation (1) of regulation 45 of the said regulations, for the existing expression "Schedule-16", the expression "Schedule-15" shall be substituted.

Regulation - 11. Amendment of regulation 47.

In sub-regulation (1) of regulation 47 of the said regulations, for the existing expression "Schedule-16", the expression "Schedule-15" shall be substituted.

Regulation - 12. Amendment of regulation 53.

In sub-regulation (1) of regulation 47 of the said regulations, for the existing expression "Schedule-16", the expression "Schedule-15" shall be substituted.

Regulation - 13. Amendment of regulation 54.

In sub regulation (1) (E) of regulation 54 of the said regulations, for the existing expression "Schedule-17 to Schedule-31", the expression "Schedule-16 to Schedule-30" shall be substituted.

Regulation - 14. Substitution of Schedule 1 to 31.

Existing schedule 1 to 31 appended to the said regulations shall be substituted by the following, namely: -

 

"Schedule-1

[See regulation 41(2)]

Syllabus of Diploma in Medical Laboratory Technology

FIRST YEAR

Subject -

Hospital: -

Industrial training (4 Weeks) in summer vacation

Theory Classes - Monday to Friday - 1hrs/day - Total 5hrs/week

Rest of the time students do practical in their respective sections according to posting schedule

Examination Pattern - Internal/Sessional exam - Taken on completion of course

CPT - 1 (ML16) - 200 Marks

Practical - 200 marks, 3hrs, Practical exercises and related theory question

200 marks are distributed among the given exercises. Practicals are taken according to the provided syllabus

Time for CPT and MLT not specified for sessional examination

MLT - 1(ML17) - 100 Marks

• It is Viva on instruments from different section

• Viva to be taken at 2 places in board examination

Theory - Theory exam of 100 marks

Practical -

CPT - 1 (ML16) - 400 Marks (For 3hrs) Practical exercise and related theory questions

400 marks are distributed among the given exercises.

MLT - 1(ML17) - 50 Marks

• It is Viva on instruments from different section

• Viva to be taken at 2 places

A - Histopathology & Cytology - 25 Marks

B – Haematology & Blood Banking - 25 Marks

Hospital Industrial Training

• Duration - 4weeks in summer vacation

• Marks are given out of 100 at the end of training

Marks distribution is as follow

Rating is grading - Done on % of total Marks obtained out of - 100

SECOND YEAR

Subject -

Hospital/Industrial training (4 Weeks) in summer vacation

Theory Classes - Monday to Friday - 1hrs/day - Total 5hrs/week

Rest of the time students do practical in their respective sections according to posting schedule

Examination Pattern - Internal/Sessional exam - Taken on completion of course

CPT - II (ML26) - 200 Marks

 

Exercises are -

Histopathology-

- Tissue processing block making, section cutting and routine H&E staining

- Different types of special staining in histopathology

- Preparation of fixatives

- Preparation of stains for sections and smears

- Paraffin embedding of tissues

- Preparation of paraffin blocks

- Honing of microtome razors

- Microtomy - Preparation of sections

- Frozen section techniques - Demonstration

- Preparation and fixation of smears for cytology

- Hematoxylin and cosin staining.

- Papanicuolu's staining

- Some of the special stains

- Mounting museum specimen

- Records keeping

Hematology-

- Hb-gm%

- TLC/TRBC

- PBF - Preparation, staining

- DLC

- Urine examination

- Bleeding and clotting time

- Interpretation of clot retraction

- Prothrombin time, APTT and TT

- Fibrinogen degradation product (FDP)

- Substitution tests for factor identification

- Records - Prepared by students

Practical examination is taken according to provided syllabus.

Time for examination for internal CPT and MLT not specified.

Theory examination of Pathology taken by - 100 Marks

Practical

MLT - II (ML27) - Same as sessional

Hospital Industrial Training

• Duration - 4 weeks in summer vacation

• Marks are given out of 100 at the end of training

• Rating is grading - Done on % of total Marks obtained out of - 100

1st Year Syllabus

Blood Banking :

(a)      Introduction to blood banking, screening and selection of donor.

(b)      Collection and storage of blood.

(c)      Blood grouping ABO, RH and other system of grouping, subgroup A, Bombay blood group and their antibodies.

(d)      Antibodies to ABO system, Anti 'AB' and Anti 'H' antibody.

(e)      ABO Testing - slide & tube test. Reverse grouping, discrepancies between cells and serum results, sources of error, rouleux formation.

(f)       RH Grouping - Slide or rapid tube test, false positive, false negative, Du system.

(g)      Cross matching, reasons of cross match, saline albumin, coombs and enzymes in testing

(h)     Coombs test- direct and indirect, principle, procedure, sources of errors, control, interpretation and clinical application.

(i)       Organization of blood bank, preparation and uses of various components of blood.

(j)       Transfusion reactions.

Haematology :

- Introduction to clinical haematology.

- Instruments and glassware's used in haematology.

- Preparation of various stains, buffers and solution used in haematology.

- Methods of collection of blood and anticoagulants used in haematology.

- Various methods of Hb estimation.

- Preparation and staining of PBF.

- RBC counting, WBC counting, Absolute eosinophill count.

- Platelet and Reticulocyte counting.

- Morphology of normal and abnormal forms of RBC's .

- Morphology of normal and abnormal forms of WBC's.

- DLC

- ESR

- PCV, Blood indices.

- Osmotic fragility test.

- Haemoglobin electrophoresis, estimation of foetal Hb.

- G6PD estimation.

- Sickling test.

- LE cell test, Test for cold agglutination.

- Bone marrow examination

- Different sites and needle used

- Automation in haematology - Basic principles.

Clinical Pathology :

- Introduction to clinical pathology & safety measures in lab.

- Quality control - External and Internal.

- Complete urine examination.

- CSF examination.

- Examination of other body fluids.

- Semen analysis.

- Norms of biomedical wastes and discarding of infected blood.

2nd YEAR SYLLABUS

TOPICS:

• General principles of histopathology works; collection of specimen, numbering and giving tissue bits.

• Equipments used in histopathology, their merits, demerits and care to be taken

• Fixatives used in histopathology - Preparation, advantages and disadvantages

• Frozen section and cryostat technique staining and mounting, morbid anatomy

• Decalcification - Methods, advantages and disadvantages of each method

• Introduction of cytopathology, methods of collection of materials, making smears and preparations of fixatives used

• Different stains used in cytology, their preparation and staining the smears

• Exfoliative cytology of barr bodies (Six Chromatin) and pap staining

• Histopathology techniques. Morbid anatomy tissue processing, fixation, dehydration, clearing and impregnation in paraffin.

• Making of blocks and section cutting. Errors in section cutting and their correlation

• H&E staining including staining technique for rapid diagnosis and different types of mountants used

• Preparation of different type of hematoxylin and eosin

• Preparation of different types of special stains and special staining techniques

• immunohistochemical & immunocytochemical staining

• Histochemical and cytochemical techniques

• Normal coagulation cascade

• Investigation of bleeding disorders

• Bleeding time and clotting time - methods and interpretation

• Clot retraction time

• Prothrombin Time

• APTT

• Thrombin time

• Fibrin degradation products

• Preparation of specimen for mounting

• Preparation of fixations for mounting

• Techniques of mounting

• Organization of medical laboratory and museum and their maintenance.

• Equipments used in Histopathology

• Instruments of stains used in hematology

• Instrument used in cytology

• Lab diagnosis of Jaundice

• Lab diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus

• Renal Function tests.

 

Schedule-2

[See regulation 41(2)]

Syllabus of Diploma in Radiation Technology

For Diploma IInd Year Radiation Technology

RADIOLOGICAL ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY & PATHOLOGY

RATIONALE

The study of anatomy physiology and pathology is essential because it will help in understanding the basic structure of the organs, their functions and changes due to various diseases affecting the organs of the human body.

CONTENTS

(1)     Gross Radiological surface anatomy of human body. The Human Skeleton bones and joints, formation of bones, growth of skeleton, centers of Ossification, types of bones, type of joints, thoracic contents and general location of organs and vessels, abdominal viscera and location of the major organs, types of cells, composition and development, Cell function and tissue differentiation.

(2)     Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology of Body system-Genes reproductive organs, embryological development. The nature and appearance of Bacteria. Common Benign Tumors, Malignant Tumors. Dissemination of Malignancy, Primary and Secondary spread. Composition and type of nerve tissue, muscular tissue and types. Abnormalities in tissues, ulceration, Sepsis asepsis and anti sepsis. Heart and blood, vessels. structure of heart and function. Major vessels, of the circulatory system: blood circulation, purification. Common terms used for diseases and conditions of this system.

(3)     Respiratory system, and nasal passages and nasal sinuses, pharynx, Nature and function of respiration, common terms related to diseases and conditions of the system. Lymphatic system, lymphoid tissue and the tonsils. Reticulo endothelial system, liver and spleen, bone morrow. Life cycle of red and transparent corpuscles of the blood. Alimentary system. Functions of mouth and teeth.

(4)     Salivary gland, pharynx and oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine[colon], liver and biliary tract, and pancreas Functions of alimentary system digestion absorption of food, metabolism, urinary tract-Kidney Ureters and bladder urethra Urinary secretion. Reproductive system male genitalia, female genitalia, mammary glands. Menstruations, pregnancy and lactation.

Nerve system and common terms used in this system Main subdivisions organs of sense. Structure and the functions of eye, ear, Surface landmarks and topography in relation to organs of the body for radiography positioning. Inflammation. Pyrexia. Ulcer, bacteria and the specific glaucomatous, disorders, endocrine, nutrition and metabolism.

Ref. Books:

(1)     Foundation of Anatomy & physiology -Ross Wilson

(2)     Atlas of Radiological Anatomy - Weir & Abrahms

RADIOLOGICAL PHYSICS

RATIONALE

Every electric current is accompanied by magentic effects & electro magnetism is the branch of physics that deals with the relationship between electricity & Magnetism. X-ray belongs to a group of radiation called electromagnetic radiation. It is the transport of energy through space as a combination of electric and magnetic field. Any accelerating charge not bound to an atom will emit electromagnetic radiation.

CONTENTS

Basic Electricity and magnetism and Radiation physics :

Units of measurement force, work, energy. Heat and energy. Various methods of transmission of heat.

Magnetism, classification of magnets, properties of magnets, magnetic field and line of forces and their measurement, Electro magnetism.

Electricity, electrostatic conductor and insulators, elementary electron theory. Units of electric charges potential. Condensers and capacity of condensers.

Current, Electricity, Om's Law, various units of current, Voltage and rectifiers. Heating effect of current, units of point and power consumption, Principal and working of moving coil and moving iron type of meters.

Electro Magnetic induction, Transformers, their losses, rating, induction motors.

Direct and Alternating currents, impedance, capacitance, Thermionic emission, Characteristic curves of diode and triode valves, semiconductors.

Knowledge of Cathode, anode, rectifier, solid state rectifier, self rectified circuits imbalance of single valve rectifications .half wave and full wave rectifications, transformer and HT cables, HT cable calibration and measurement units of HT. Measurement of out put of x-ray Tube.

Apparatus for Radiography, radiotherapy and imaging & its routine maintenance. Mains supply, basic x-ray circuit control, and stabilising, Equipment motors, various exposure timers control of scattered radiations fluoroscopy tomography, mobile equipment, photofluorography, mammographic equipment.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

RADIOGRAPHY - I (Gen.)

RATIONALE

Radiography is a branch of photography in which an image is formed on a film or plate by exposure to X-ray. An opaque object- e.g. Part of human body or a metal casting is placed between the source of the X-rays and the sensitized material; the resulting radiograph shows details of the internal structure which is widely used in medical field for diagnostic purposes.

CONTENTS

Routine Radiographic Techniques for whole body. (Different views of routine with special views of radiography

Skull & Neck: Different views of skull bones. Maxilla, mandible, zygoma, T.M. Joints. Open mouth & close mouth, mastoid, Petrous bones, optic foramen, sella turcica, internal auditory canal, sphenoid bone, soft tissue neck, nasopharynx, larynx.

Upper Limbs: Fingers individual and as a whole, hand carpal tunnel syndrome, wrist, forearm, elbow, head of radius humerus shoulder joints, acromio clavicular joint, sternoclavicular joint and scapula.

Chest and Thorax Bones :Chest PA (Tele radiography), Chest Supine, Lordotic, Oblique Lateral, sternum oblique, lateral and thoracic inlet view & decubitus.

Abdomen Preparation indication and contra indication, acute abdomen, different position of abdomen-upright (standing) sitting, lying, decubitus, supine, and in prone position.

Vertebral Column : Atlanto occipital, odontoid, cervical spine, cervico thoracic spine, dorsal spine, thoraco lumbar spine, lumbo sacral spine, sacrum, coccyx, scoliosis, kyphosis, flexion, extension and both oblique views of spines.

Hips and Pelvis :Pelvis with Hip joints in different positions. Internal and external rotation, frog positions. S.I. joints. Cephalic tilt and caudal tilt.

Lower Limbs :Toes, feet, calcaneum, ankle joints, leg bones. Different view of knee. Patella inter condylar notch and femurs.

Others: Dental radiography, macro and micro radiography, mobile and portable for bed side radiography operation theatre radiography, cine radiography, localization of foreign body, battery operated units, mass miniature radiography and all other emergency radiography.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

(1)     WHO - Manual of radiographic Technique.

(2)     Radiographic for Technicians

(3)     Pocket Atlas of Dental Radiology.

(4)     Clark's positioning in radiography

DARK ROOM PROCEDURES

RATIONALE

Radiography unquestionable begins and ends in the dark room. Where the necessary handling and processing of X-ray film can be carried out safely and efficiently, without the hazard of producing film fog by accidental esposure to light or X-ray.

CONTENTS

Dark Room Procedures Photographic Process-Light image, image produced by radiation, light sensitive materials, latent image.

Film Material :The structure of X-ray films, resolving power-graininess of film, sensitivity of film, speed of film, contrast of film and types of film.

Sensitivity : Characteristic curve and its usefulness.

X - Ray Film Storage : Storage of unexposed films.

Screens : Construction of intensifying screens. Choice of fluorescent material, intensifying factor detail

Sharpness, Speed, screen contact, care of intensifying screens and type of screens.

Cassettes :Cassettes design and care of cassettes. Mounting of intensifying screens in the cassettes.

Film Processing : Constitutions of the processing solution and replenisher. Factors affecting the developer type of developer and fixer, factors affecting the use of the fixer, silver recovery method.

Film Rinsing Washing and Drying :Intermediate rinse, washing and drying of films.

Film processing Equipment :Manual and automatic processing.

Dark Room Design :Layout and material used

The radiographic image :The sharpness, contrast detail definition, viewing conditions.

Administration :Trimming, identification of film legends, relevant papers of the patients, records filling, Report distribution.

Dark Room Process :Light proof with colour, ventilation and temperature, maintenance. Technical and processing film faults. Fog static pressure and static currents. Artefacts of different types. Darkroom illuminations, orientation of laser cameras.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

(1)     WHO-Manual of darkroom Technique.

(2)     Radiographic physics and darkroom procedure.- Gupta.

(3)     Radiographic Photography. -CHESNEY D.H. & CHESNEY M.O.

CLINICAL & INSTRUMENTAL SKILL LAB. TRAINING-1

RATIONALE

It is very important for a X-ray trainee to have practical knowledge of various laboratory tests. The student will be able to interpret correctly the test results and correct diagnosis of a disease.

Practicals & training related to theory papers-Radiological Anatomy, Physiology & Pathology, Radiological Physics, Radiography -I (GEN.) Dark Room Procedures.

Note : The Essential Theory should be taught during the Practicals.

REFERENCE BOOKS :

(1)     WHO- A Guide to X-ray Department

For Diploma IInd Year Radiation Technology

RADIOGRAPHY 2nd (Special)

RATIONALE

Radiography is branch of photography in which an image is formed on a film or plate by exposure to X-ray, an opaque object-e.g. Part of human body or a metal casting is placed between the source of the X-rays and the sensitized material; the resulting radiography shows details of the internal structure which are widely used in medical field for diagnosis.

CONTENTS

(1)     Special Radiographic Techniques & Applications & uses of contrast media Carotid Angiography, Investigation related to the blood Supply of the brain.

Ventriculography - Position and techniques Pneumo-Encephalography trolley equipment, preparation of the patient and after care.

Angiography:- four vessel, Selective cath lab procedure

Gastro intestinal tract:- Ba. Swallow, Ba. Meal, Ba, Meal follow through, Ba. Enema.

Biliary Tract: Oral Cholecystography, IVC, trans hepatic percutaneous cholangiography, preoperative cholangiography, T-tube cholangiography and ERCP.

Myelography:-Vertebral Angiography, preparation of patient, contrast media equipment and techniques of procedure.

Urinary Tract - KUB, IVU, Retro grade, cystourethrogram; micturating urethrography.

Hystero-Salpingography:- Investigation of uterus and fallopian tubes.

Tomography - Principle, equipment with type of movement, procedures.

Theatre technique - Sterile technique in OT, Cleanliness of mobile unit or C- arm.

Others - Dacrocystography, sialography, sinography; angiography (Cerebral and venography) Bronchography, arteriography, mammography, Spleenoportovenography, Lymphangiography, xerography and all other special investigations.

Ref. Books:-

(1)     Clark's positioning of Radiography

BASIC PRINCIPLES OF RADIOTHERAPY, RADIATION HAZARDS & PROTECTION

RATIONALE

X-ray may cause harm. Many somatic dangers of radiation became evident a few months after X-rays were discovered. Small doses of radiation can cause both mutations & neoplasm. No one knows just how much radiation is tolerable. Protection must be provided against any type of radiation to general public as well as radiation workers. The greatest risk from X-rays is for the operator and doctor, who may be exposed repeatedly over the years while they are working.

CONTENTS

General principle of radiotherapy, therapeutic ratio, cell cycle, Factors influencing radiation effects on normal tumour cells, Radiotherapy management of various malignancies treatment and side effects of radiations. Knowledge of Linear accelerators, brachytherapy & Teletherpy Machine & their Applications, Radioactive isotopes & their applications Fundamentals of computers & its application in Radiodiagnosis & Radiotherapy Radiation hazards and its protection for occupational workers and general public, Planning of department of radiology, Radiotherpy, Structure of Atom, Radio Activity natural and artificial production.

Interaction of radiation with matter, quantity and quality of radiation and the factors on which it depends. H.V.T. T.V.T

Various radiation units - Roentgen, rad, rem, etc, Dosimetry, various radiation measuring instruments, ICRP recommendations, measurement of X-ray and other radiation, rules of AERB, effects of radiation, radiation hazards, film badge.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

RECENT ADVANCES

RATIONALE

Every electric current is accompanied by magnetic effects & electromagnetism is the branch of physics that deals with the relationship between electricity & Magnetism. X-ray belongs to a group of radiations called electromagnetic radiation. If the transport of energy through space as a combination of electric and magnetic field. Any accelerating charge not bound to an atom will emit electromagnetic radiation.

CONTENTS

(1)     Recent Advances in Imaging radiology

Image intensifiers Rapid serial changers pressure syringe x-ray tube and complete knowledge of x-ray units along with all accessories, mobile and portable x-ray units. Recent advance in imaging technology: -

Knowledge of Ultra sonograhy, Color Doppler, different types of transducers.

(i)       CT Scan, conventional, spiral (Helical), Multi slice.

(ii)      Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

(iii)     Spectroscopy (MRS)

(iv)    Computerized radiography

(v)      Digital Radiography

(vi)    DSA

(vii)   Picture Archiving communication system (PACS)

(viii)  Mammography

(ix)    Orthopantography

(x)      Positron emission Tomography (PET)

(xi)    Different type of cameras e.g. laser, photography etc.

(2)     REFERENCE BOOK:

Patient Care & Hospital Management

CONTENTS

Cleaning and care of enamel, stainless steel and glass instruments/cleaning of rubber and polythene goods, care of linen, woollen blankets, mattress and other sheets, bed making, giving bedpan, urinal and removing them.

Lifting of patients and first aid procedures. Transferring patients from wheel chairs, trolley or stretcher to the bed and x-ray couch and vice versa. Temperature, pulse, respiration and blood pressure, enema water and soap water enema. Explanation of hospital charts, sterilization and sterile technique of handling the sterile instruments.

Injection Technique: Intra Muscular, Intra Venous, setting up of drip, supply of oxygen, dignity of patient. Psychology of the sick. Preparation of the patient for any major investigation. Use of X-ray and radiation hazards. Preparation of the trays for special investigation and care of cancer patients. Maintaining up to date medico legal case (MLC) Radiographic record and verification of patient's marks of identity. Storage and distribution of reported films, storage of waste films and used solutions.

Hospital management

Rules & Regulations:

Licensing & registration procedure, Shop & Commercial Establishment act. Municipal bye laws & insurance coverage.

Management Techniques :

Leadership authority responsibility, Functions of Hospital Management

Quality Control & Quality Acceptance

Meaning importance of keeping standard, Factors responsible for deviation from standards. ISO and ISO 9000 to 9006, Total quality management.

Human Relations & Personality Development

Motivating the employees, Inter personnel relations, Grievances and their handling, Staff requirement, training and monitoring.

Bio Medical Waste Management:

Environmental impact of radiation, Introduction to bio-medicinal waste, Types of biomedical waste, Collection of bio-medical waste, treatment and safe disposal of bio-medical waste

REFERENCE BOOK:

(1)     WHO - A Guide to X-Ray Department

(2)     WHO - Manual of Radiographic Technique.

(3)     Radiographic for Technicians.

(4)     Hand Bok on entrepreneurship Development O.P. harkut.

(5)     Environmental Impact Assessment Mc Graw Hill,

• New Y    ark, 1977

CLINICAL & INSTRUMENTAL SKILL LAB TRAINING- II

RATIONALE

It is very important for an X-ray trainee to have practical knowledge of various laboratory tests. The student will be able to interpret correctly the test results and correct diagnosis of a disease.

PRACTICALS

Practical & training related to theory papers - Radiography -II (Special). Radiotherapy Radiation Hazards & Protection, Physics of Recent Advances, Patient care & Hospital Management.

Since the trainee has to work on various medical instruments & equipments, he must have the basic knowledge and practical training about the different machines so that in case of any trouble during work. He/She will be able to correct and repair the faults.

PRACTICALS:

- Introduction to equipments

- Simple usage

- Indication & Contraindication use

- Repair & Maintenance of Instruments.

Note : The Essential Theory should be taught during the Practicals.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

WHO - A Guide to X-Ray Department.

Diploma in Radiation Technology

For Diploma Ist Year Radiation Technology

For Diploma IInd Year Radiation Technology

RADIOLOGICAL ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY& PATHOLOGY

RATIONALE

The study of anatomy physiology and pathology is essential because it will help in understanding the basic structure of the organs, their functions and changes due to various diseases affecting the organs of the human body.

CONTENTS

(1)     Gross Radiological surface anatomy of human body. The Human Skeleton bones and joints, formation of bones, growth of skeleton, centers of Ossification, types of bones, type of joints, thoracic contents and general location of organs and vessels, abdominal viscera and location of the major organs, types of cells, composition and development, Cell function and tissue differentiation.

(2)     Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology of Body system-Genes reproductive organs, embryological development. The nature and appearance of Bacteria, Common Benign Tumors, Malignant Tumors, Dissemination of Malignancy, Primary and Secondary spread, Composition and type of nerve tissue, muscular tissue and types, Abnormalities in tissues, ulceration, Sepsis asepsis and anti sepsis. Heart and blood, vessels, structure of heart and function. Major vessels of the circulatory system: blood circulation, purification, Common terms used for diseases and conditions of this system.

(3)     Respiratory system and nasal passages and nasal sinuses, pharynx, Nature and function of respiration, common terms related to diseases and conditions of the system. Lymphatic system, lymphoid tissue and the tonsils. Reticulo endothelial system, liver and spleen, bone morrow. Life cycle of red and transparent corpuscles of the blood, Alimentary system, Functions of mouth and teeth.

(4)     Salivary gland, pharynx and oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine[colon], liver and biliary tract, and pancreas Functions of alimentary system digestion absorption of food, metabolism, urinary tract-Kidney Ureters and bladder urethra Urinary secretion. Reproductive system male genitalia, female genitalia, mammary glands. Menstruations, pregnancy and lactation.

Nerve system and common terms used in this system Main subdivisions organs of sense. Structure and the functions of eye, ear, Surface landmarks and topography in relation to organs of the body for radiography positioning. Inflamation, Pyrexia. Ulcer, bacteria and the specific granulomatous, disorders, endocrine, nutrition and metabolism.

Ref. Books:

(1)     Foundation of Anatomy & physiology -Ross Wilson

(2)     Atlas of Radiological Anatomy- Weir & Abrahms

RADIOLOGICAL PHYSICS

RATIONALE

Every electric current is accompanied by magentic effects & electro magnetism is the branch of physics that deals with the relationship between electricity & Magnetism. X-ray belongs to a group of radiation called electromagnetic radiation. It is the transport of energy through space as a combination of electric and magnetic field. Any accelerating charge not bound to an atom will emit electromagnetic radiation.

CONTENTS

Basic Electricity and magnetism and Radiation physics :

Units of measurement force, work, energy .Heat and energy. Various methods of transmission of heat.

Magnetism, classification of magnets, properties of magnets .magnetic field and line of forces and their measurement, Electro magnetism.

Electricity, electrostatic conductor and insulators, elementary electron theory. Units of electric charges potential. Condensers and capacity of condensers.

Current, Electricity, Om's Law, various units of current, Voltage and rectifiers. Heating effect of current, units of point and power consumption, Principal and working of moving coil and moving iron type of meters.

Electro Magnetic induction, Transformers, their losses, rating, induction motors.

Direct and Alternating currents, impedance, capacitance, Thermoionic emission, Characteristic curves of diode and triode valves, semiconductors.

Knowledge of Cathode, anode, rectifier, solid state rectifier, self rectified circuits imbalance of single valve rectifications .half wave and full wave rectifications, transformer and HT cables, HT cable calibration and measurement units of HT. Measurement of out put of x-ray Tube.

Apparatus for Radiography, radiotherapy and imaging & its routine maintenance. Mains supply, basic x-ray circuit control, and stablising, Equipment motors, various exposure timers control of scattered radiations fluoroscopy tomography, mobile equipment, photofluorography, mammographic equipment.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

RADIOGRAPHY - I (Gen.)

RATIONALE

Radiography is a branch of photography in which an image is formed on a film or plate by exposure to X-ray. An opaque object- e.g. Part of human body or a metal casting is placed between the source of the X-rays and the sensitized material; the resulting radiograph shows details of the internal structure which is widely used in medical field for diagnostic purposes.

CONTENTS

Routine Radiographic Techniques for whole body. (Different views of routine with special views of radiography

Skull & Neck: Different views of skull bones. Maxilla, mandible, zygoma, T.M. Joints.

Open mouth & close mouth, mastoid, Petrous bones, optic foramen, sella turcica, internal auditory canal, sphenoid bone, soft tissue neck, nasopharynx, larynx.

Upper Limbs: Fingers individual and as a whole, hand carpal tunnel syndrome, wrist, forearm, elbow, head of radius humerus shoulder joints, acromio clavicular joint, sternoclavicular joint and scapula.

Chest and Thorax Bones :Chest PA (Tele radiography), Chest Supine, Lordotic, Oblique Lateral, sternum oblique, lateral and thoracic inlet view & decubitus.

Abdomen :Preparation indication and contra indication, acute abdomen, different position of abdomen-upright (standing) sitting, lying, decubitus, supine, and in prone position.

Vertebral Column :Atlanto occipital, odontoid, cervical spine, cervico thoracic spine, dorsal spine, thoraco lumbar spine, lumbo sacral spine, sacrum, coccyx, scoliosis, kyphosis, flexion, extension and both oblique views of spines.

Hips and Pelvis :Pelvis with Hip joints in different positions. Internal and external rotation, frog positions. S.I. joints. Cephalic tilt and caudal tilt.

Lower Limbs: Toes, feet, calcaneum, ankle joints, leg bones. Different view of knee. Patella inter condylar notch and femurs.

Others: Dental radiography, macro and micro radiography, mobile and portable for bed side radiography operation theatre radiography, cine radiography, localization of foreign body, battery operated units, mass miniature radiography and all other emergency radiography.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

(1)     WHO - Manual of radiographic Technique.

(2)     Radiographic for Technicians

(3)     Pocket Atlas of Dental Radiology.

(4)     Clark's positioning in radiography

DARK ROOM PROCEDURES

RATIONALE

Radiography unquestionable begins and ends in the dark room. Where the necessary handling and processing of X-ray film can be carried out safely and efficiently, without the hazard of producing film fog by accidental esposure to light or X-ray.

CONTENTS

Dark Room Procedures :Photographic Process-Light image, image produced by radiation, light sensitive materials, latent image.

Film Material :The structure of X-ray films, resolving power-graininess of film, sensitivity of film, speed of film, contrast of film and types of film.

Sensitivity :Characteristic curve and its usefulness.

X - Ray Film Storage :Storage of unexposed films.

Screens : Construction of intensifying screens. Choice of fluorescent material, intensifying factor detail Sharpness, Speed, screen contact, care of intensifying screens and type of screens.

Cassettes :Cassettes design and care of cassettes. Mounting of intensifying screens in the cassettes.

Film Processing : Constitutions of the processing solution and replenisher. Factors affecting the developer type of developer and fixer, factors affecting the use of the fixer, silver recovery method.

Film Rinsing Washing and Drying :Intermediate rinse, washing and drying of films.

Film processing Equipment :Manual and automatic processing.

Dark Room Design :Layout and material used

The radiographic image :The sharpness, contrast detail definition, viewing conditions.

Administration: Trimming, identification of film legends, relevant papers of the patients, records filling, Report distribution.

Dark Room Process :Light proof with colour, ventilation and temperature, maintenance, Technical and processing film faults. Fog static pressure and static currents. Artefacts of different types, Darkroom illuminations, orientation of laser cameras.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

(1)     WHO-Manual of darkroom Technique.

(2)     Radiographic physics and darkroom procedure.- Gupta.

(3)     Radiographic Photography. -CHESNEY D.H. & CHESNEY M.O.

CLINICAL & INSTRUMENTAL SKILL LAB. TRAINING-1

RATIONALE

It is very important for a X-ray trainee to have practical knowledge of various laboratory tests. The student will be able to interpret correctly the test results and correct diagnosis of a disease.

Practicals & training related to theory papers-Radiological Anatomy, Physiology & Pathology, Radiological Physics, Radiography -I (GEN.) Dark Room Procedures.

Note : The Essential Theory should be taught during the Practicals.

REFERENCE BOOKS :

2. WHO- A Guide to X-ray Department

For Diploma IInd Year Radiation Technology

RADIOGRAPHY 2nd (Special)

RATIONALE

Radiography is branch of photography in which an image is formed on a film or plate by exposure to X-ray, an opaque object-e.g. Part of human body or a metal casting is placed between the source of the X-rays and the sensitized material; the resulting radiography shows details of the internal structure which are widely used in medical field for diagnosis.

CONTENTS

(1)     Special Radiographic Techniques & Applications & uses of contrast media Carotid Angiography, Investigation related to the blood Supply of the brain.

Ventriculography - Position and techniques Pneumo-Encephalography trolley equipment, preparation of the patient and after care.

Angiography:- four vessel, Selective cath lab procedure

Gastro intestinal tract:- Ba. Swallow, Ba. Meal, Ba, Meal follow through, Ba. Enema.

Biliary Tract: Oral Cholecystography, IVC, trans hepatic percutaneous cholangiography, preoperative cholangiography, T-tube cholangiography and ERCP.

Myelography:-Vertebral Angiography, preparation of patient, contrast media equipment and techniques of procedure.

Urinary Tract - KUB, IVU, Retro grade, cystourethrogram; micturating urethrography.

Hystero-Salpingography:- Investigation of uterus and fallopian tubes.

Tomography - Principle, equipment with type of movement, procedures.

Theatre technique - Sterile technique in OT, Cleanliness of mobile unit or C- arm.

Others - Dacrocystography, sialography, sinography; angiography (Cerebral and venography) Bronchography, arteriography, mammography, Spleenoportovenography, Lymphangiography, xerography and all other special investigations.

Ref. Books:- 1. Clark's positioning of Radiography

BASIC PRINCIPLES OF RADIOTHERAPY, RADIATION HAZARDS & PROTECTION

RATIONALE

X-ray may cause harm. Many somatic dangers of radiation became evident a few months after X-rays were discovered. Small doses of radiation can cause both mutations & neoplasm. No one knows just how much radiation is tolerable. Protection must be provided against any type of radiation to general public as well as radiation workers. The greatest risk from X-rays is for the operator and doctor, who may be exposed repeatedly over the years while they are working.

CONTENTS

General principle of radiotherapy, therapeutic ratio, cell cycle, Factors influencing radiation effects on normal tumour cells, Radiotherapy management of various malignancies treatment and side effects of radiations. Knowledge of Linear accelerators, brachytherapy & Teletherpy Machine & their Applications, Radioactive isotopes & their applications Fundamentals of computers & its application in Radiodiagnosis & Radiotherapy Radiation hazards and its protection for occupational workers and general public, Planning of department of radiology, Radiotherpy. Structure of Atom, Radio Activity natural and artificial production.

Interaction of radiation with matter, quantity and quality of radiation and the factors on which it depends. H.V.T. T.V.T

Various radiation units - Roentgen, rad, rem, etc, Dosimetry, various radiation measuring instruments, ICRP recommendations, measurement of X-ray and other radiation, rules of AERB, effects of radiation, radiation hazards, film badge.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

RECENT ADVANCES

RATIONALE

Every electric current is accompanied by magnetic effects & electromagnetism is the branch of physics that deals with the relationship between electricity & Magnetism. X-ray belongs to a group of radiations called electromagnetic radiation. If the transport of energy through space as a combination of electric and magnetic field. Any accelerating charge not bound to an atom will emit electromagnetic radiation.

CONTENTS

(1)     Recent Advances in Imaging radiology Image intensifiers Rapid serial changers pressure syringe x-ray tube and complete knowledge of x-ray units along with all accessories, mobile and portable x-ray units. Recent advance in imaging technology: -

(i)    Knowledge of Ultra sonograhy, Color Doppler, different types of transducers.

(ii)   CT Scan, conventional, spiral (Helical), Multi slice.

(xiii) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

(xiv) Spectroscopy (MRS)

(xv) Computerized radiography

(xvi) Digital Radiography

(xvii) DSA

(xviii) Picture Archiving communication system (PACS)

(xix) Mammography

(xx) Orthopantography

(xxi) Positron emission Tomography (PET)

(xxii) Different type of cameras e.g. laser, photography etc.

(2)     REFERENCE BOOK:

Patient Care & Hospital Management

CONTENTS

Cleaning and care of enamel, stainless steel and glass instruments/cleaning of rubber and polythene goods, care of linen, woolen blankets, mattress and other sheets, bed making, giving bedpan, urinal and removing them.

Lifting of patients and first aid procedures. Transferring patients from wheel chairs, trolley or stretcher to the bed and x-ray couch and vice versa. Temperature, pulse, respiration and blood pressure, enema water and soap water enema. Explanation of hospital charts, sterilization and sterile technique of handling the sterile instruments.

Injection Technique : Intra Muscular, Intra Venous, setting up of drip, supply of oxygen, dignity of patient. Psychology of the sick. Preparation of the patient for any major investigation. Use of X-ray and radiation hazards. Preparation of the trays for special investigation and care of cancer patients. Maintaining up to date medico legal case (MLC) Radiographic record and verification of patient's marks of identity. Storage and distribution of reported films, storage of waste films and used solutions.

Hospital management

Rules & Regulations:

Licensing & registration procedure, Shop & Commercial Establishment act. Municipal bye laws & insurance coverage.

Management Techniques :

Leadership authority responsibility, Functions of Hospital Management

Quality Control & Quality Acceptance

Meaning importance of keeping standard, Factors responsible for deviation from standards. ISO and ISO 9000 to 9006, Total quality management.

Human Relations & Personality Development

Motivating the employees, Inter personnel relations, Grievances and their handling, Staff requirement, training and monitoring.

Bio Medical Waste Management:

Environmental impact of radiation, Introduction to bio-medicinal waste, Types of bio- medical waste, Collection of bio-medical waste, treatment and safe disposal of bio-medical waste

REFERENCE BOOK:

6- WHO - A Guide to X-Ray Department

7- WHO - Manual of Radiographic Technique.

8- Radiographic for Technicians.

9- Hand Bok on entrepreneurship Development O.P. harkut.

10- Environmental Impact Assessment Mc Graw Hill, New Yark, 1977

CLINICAL & INSTRUMENTAL SKILL LAB TRAINING- II

RATIONALE

It is very important for an X-ray trainee to have practical knowledge of various laboratory tests. The student will be able to interpret correctly the test results and correct diagnosis of a disease.

PRACTICALS

Practical & training related to theory papers - Radiography -II (Special). Radiotherapy Radiation Hazards & Protection, Physics of Recent Advances, Patient care & Hospital Management.

Since the trainee has to work on various medical instruments & equipments, he must have the basic knowledge and practical training about the different machines so that in case of any trouble during work. He/She will be able to correct and repair the faults.

PRACTICALS:

- Introduction to equipments

- Simple usage

- Indication & Contraindication use

- Repair & Maintenance of Instruments.

Note : The Essential Theory should be taught during the Practicals.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

WHO - A Guide to X-Ray Department.

 

Schedule-3

[See regulation 41(2)]

Syllabus of Diploma in Cardio Instrument Technician

The syllabus shall be as prescribed by Rajasthan Para-Medical Council (RPMC) with consent of Rajasthan University of Health Sciences (RUHS).

 

Schedule-4

[See regulation 41(2)]

Syllabus of Diploma in Operation Theater Technology

First Year

(1)     Anatomy & Physiology

(2)     Computer & Communication Skills

(3)     Basic Bio Chemistry Pathology & Micro Biology

(4)     Basic obstetrics and Gynecology

(5)     General Principal of Hospital Practice and Patient Care

Practical:

• Anatomy & Physiology

• Basic Bio Chemistry, Pathology & Micro Biology

• Basic obstetrics and Gynecology

• O.T. Instruments & Technique

• Hospital Training 45 Days after final examination

Second Year

(1)     Entrepreneurship & Professional Management

(2)     Environmental &Bio Medical Waste Management

(3)     Patients Care education and Intensive Care unit

(4)     Introduction to Anesthesia Technology

(5)     Basic Anesthesia Technology

(6)     Applied Anaesthesia Technology

Practical:

• Patients Care education and Intensive Care unit

• Introduction to Anesthesia Technology

• Basic Anesthesia Technology

• Applied Anesthesia Technology

• O.T. Instruments & Technique

• Hospital Training 45 Days after final examination

Examination Scheme for (1st Year) Diploma in Medical Operation Theater Technology

Practical:

All theory paper carries a maximum of 100 marks out of which 30 marks are for internal Assessment and 70 is for Council exam. All practical paper carries a maximum of 50 marks out of which 15 is for internal Assessment and 35 is for Council Exam. And hospital training each 100 hundred marks.

PAPER- I

A (ANATOMY), B (PHYSIOLOGY)

(I)      The human body as a whole Definitions, Subdivisions of Anatomy, Terms of locations and position, Fundamental Planes, Vertebrate structure of man, organization of the Body Cells and Tissues.

(II)     Locomotion and support. The Skeletal system: Types of bones, structures and growth of bones, Divisions of the skeleton, Appendicular skeleton, Axial skeleton, Bones of Upper Limb - Clavicle, Scapula, Humerus, Radius, Ulna Lower Limb - Femur, Hipbone, Sacrum Tibia, Fibula Vertebral Column, Ribs, Sternum, joint-classification, types of movements with examples.

(III)   Anatomy of the nervous system. Central nervous system: Spinal Cord Anatomy, functions, reflex- arc, Meninges, The Brain- Hind Brain, Midbrain, Forebrain: Cerebrum, Cerebellum Brain Stem: Brief structure, location, functions, and Peripheral nervous system (structure of neuron)

(IV)   Anatomy of circulatory system: Heart size, location, coverings, chambers & valves of heart, Blood supply, Nerve Supply, blood vessels, General plan of circulation, pulmonary circulation, Names of major arteries and veins and their positions, lymphatic system: general plan.

(V)     Anatomy of the respiratory system: Organs of Respiratory System, Conducting portion, Nose: nasal cavity, Para nasal air sinuses, Larynx, trachea, bronchial tree. Respiratory portion: Pleurae and lungs, Brief knowledge of parts and position.

(VI)   Anatomy of the digestive system: Components of Digestive system, alimentary tube, Anatomy of organs of digestive tube, mouth, salivary glands, stomach, intestine, liver, Billary apparatus, pancreas, Names and positions and brief functions,

(VII)  Anatomy of excretory system and reproductive system. Kidneys: location, gross structure & function structure of nephron, excretory ducts, ureters, Urinary bladder, Urethra gross structure & function. Male Reproductive System: Testis, Duct system. Female Reproductive System:

(VIII)    Anatomy of the endocrine system. Name of all endocrine glands their positions, Hormones and their functions- Pituitary, Thyriod, parathyroid, Adrenal glands, Gonads & Islets of pancreas.

(IX)   Histology-Epithelium, connective tissue, gland.

Anatomy Practical:

• Demonstration of bones identification and side determination upper limb-clavicle, scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, lower limb-temur, Hip bone, Tibia, Fibula, Vertebral Column, Ribs, Sternum, Sacrum

• Demonstration of heart.

• Demonstration of different parts of respiratory system and normal X-rays- lungs.

• Demonstration of the part of digestive system and normal X-rays- stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver.

• Embalming of human cadavers for teaching purposes & social/funeral embalming.

• Surface anatomy on cadaver.

• Demonstration of major vessels of the body-Aorta, subclavian, carotid, brachial, radial, ulnar, femoral, renal.

• Demonstration of major muscles of the body-limbs

• Demonstration of other organs-spleen, testis, uterus.

(B) PHYSIOLOGY:

General Physiology: Cell: Structure and function of a cell, Transport across the cell membrane Active transport, Passive Transport: Diffusion & Osmosis, Tissues: Definition, types, Nerve Body water and body fluids: Distribution and Ionic composition of body fluids The Membrane Potentials: Resting membrane potentials and Action Potential

Blood: Composition and functions of blood, Blood Cells: RBC, WBC, Platelets, Haemoglobin, Coagulation of blood (Clotting factors), Blood groups, Immunity,: Anaemia, Jaundice, Haemophilia

Gastrointestinal Tract: Structure and Functions Oral Cavity: Composition and functions of saliva, Mastication (chewing), Swallowing Stomach: Structure and Functions, Gastric juice, Gastric motility and emptying Pancreas: Structure and Functions, Composition and functions of pancreatic juice Liver: Structure and Functions Gall Bladder: Functions of gall bladder Bile: Composition and functions Intestine: Intestine juice and movements Balanced diet Applied aspect

Respiratory System: Air Passages: Function and structure, Functions of respiratory system, Mechanism of respiration (Inspiration and Expiration), Lung volumes and capacities Alveolar Ventilation, Dead space (Anatomical and Physiological) Transport of gases: Oxygen transport [Carriage of oxygen in blood; Dissolved form & combined with haemoglobin], Oxygen haemoglobin dissociation curve, Carbon-di-oxide transport [Carriage of Carbon-dioxide in blood]. Regulation of respiration: Nervous Regulation [Automatic control via Medullary and Pontine centers, Voluntary control of respiration], Chemical Regulation of respiration [Peripheral chemoreceptors (Carotid bodies and Aortic bodies) and Central (Medullary) chemoreceptors]. Hypoxia (Types of hypoxia), Dyspnea

Cardiovascular System: Properties of Cardiac Muscle Physiological structure and function of CVS (Valves, Pacemaker tissue, Heart sounds) Cardiac Cycle Heart rate Electrocardiography, Cardiac Output Arterial blood pressure Regulation of cardiovascular system

Excretory System: Nephrons: Cortical and medullary Urine formation Micturition Functions of kidney: Endocrine functions, Water balance, Acid-base balance

Endocrine System: Definitions and properties of hormones Pituitary Gland Anterior Pituitary - Six Hormones (GH, PRL, TSH, ACTH, LH, FSH) Growth Hormone (GH): Action and control, Applied (Dwarfism and Acromegaly) Prolactin (PRL): Action and control Posterior Pituitary ADH (Anti diuretic hormone): Action and control, Applied Oxytocin: Action and Control Thyroid Gland: Types of hormones (T3 and T4), Regulation of hormone secretion, Actions of thyroid hormone: On carbohydrate metabolism, On lipid metabolism, On growth and development, Effect on nervous system, Applied (Goiter, Hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism) Parathyroid, Calcitonin and Vitamin-D: Role of calcium in physiological processes, Hormones regulating calcium metabolism (Vitamin-D, PTH, Calcitonin), Applied: Rickets Adrenal Cortex: Actions of glucocorticoids, : Actions of Mineralocorticoids, Applied: Cushing's syndrome, Addison's disease, Sex hormones Adrenal Medulla: Actions of catecholamine's, Pancreas: Hormones: Glucagon and Insulin, Applied: Diabetes Mellitus Reproductive System Sex determination, Sex differentiation and Puberty Male Reproductive System: Testis: Structure and functions, Spermatogenesis, Structure of the sperm, Seminal fluid (semen), Endocrine functions (Testosterone) Female Reproductive System, Structure and functions, Ovary, Ovarian hormones (Estrogen, Progesterone) Menstrual cycle: Menopause Contraceptive measures

Central Nervous System Organization and functions of nervous system Brain: Cerebrum, Thalamus, Hypothalamus Brain stem: Midbrain, Pons, Medulla, Cerebellum Spinal Cord: Structure and functions Autonomic Nervous system (ANS) Cerebrospinal Fluid

Special Senses: The Smell: Olfactory receptors, Olfactory pathway The Taste: Taste Receptors (Taste buds), Taste Pathway The Ear: External ear, Middle Ear, Internal ear (Cochlea), Mechanism of hearing, Applied (deafness) The Eye: Parts of eye: Sclera, Choroid, Retina, Crystalline lens, photoreceptors (Rods and cones), Visual Pathway, Image formation, Accommodation, Lacrimal gland, Applied (Cataract, Glaucoma, Blindness) Skin and Temperature: Structure and function of skin Temperature Regulation

Practical:

• Collection of blood

• Study of haemocytometer. Haemoglobinometry transparent blood cell count, red blood cell count,

• Determination of blood groups.

• Leishman's staining and differentiate WBC counts.

• Determination of packed cell value

• Calculation of blood indices, fragility test for R.B.C.

• Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

• Determination of bleeding time.

• Determination of clotting time

• Blood pressure recording auscultation for heart sounds, artificial respiration determination of vital capacity.

Recommended Books:

(1)     Text books of Physiology. Author: Guyton (Arthor C). Prism publishers Bangalore.

(2)     Human Physiology. Author : Chaterjee (cc). Medical allied agency

(3)     Concise Medical physiology. Author : Choudhary (Sujit km.). New central books Kolkata.

(4)     Review Medical physiology. Author : Ganang. Application and Lange.

(5)     Human physiology. Author : Pro. A.K. Jain. Avichal Publishing Company.

(6)     Practical Physiology : Author : Prof. A.K. Jain, Arya Publishers.

PAPER II - COMPUTER & COMMUNICATIONS SKILLS

A- COMMUNICATION SKILL

COURSE OUTLINE

COURSE DESCRIPTION:

This course is designed to help the student acquire a Good command and comprehension of the English language through individual Papers and conferences.

BEHAVIOURAL OBJECTIVES:

The student at the end of training is able to

(1)     Read and comprehend English language

(2)     Speak and write grammatically correct English

(3)     Appreciates the value of English literature in personal and professional life.

INTRODUCTION:

Study Techniques

Organization of effective note taking and logical processes of

Analysis and synthesis Use of the dictionary

Enlargement of vocabulary

Effective diction

Unit -1

(1)     Parts of Speech (Definition of all the sight parts along with examples and their use in language ) Articles : Definite and indefinite Articles (a. an and the ) Definition and its uses along with examples and personal, Reflexive, Emphatic, Demonstrative, Relative, indefinite, Interrogative and distributive pronouns

(2)     The Noun (Defining Noun along with types and categories ): Gender; Number Case, The Adjective: Comparison, adjective used as nouns, positions of the adjective and its correct use of adjectives. The Verb Definition. Its forms, Verbs of Incomplete Predication.

(3)     Phrases (Defining it along with examples) : Adjective, Adverb and Noun Phrase and Clauses (defining it along with examples ) : Adverb, Adjective and Noun Clauses.

(4)     The Sentence and its types, Simple, Compound and Complex, Subject and Predicate (Parts of a sentence ), Transformation of sentences : Active and Passive Voice, Mood and Narration (Direct and indirect Speeches)

Unit-II

(1)     Words and Phrases: Word Formation (Perfix, Suffix), Idioms, Synonyms and Antonyms

(2)     Phonetics: Speech Sound, the phoneme, the syllable and IPA transcription

Business Correspondence:

Unit -1

(1)     Paragraph Writing : Introductory Remarks, Principals, The Writing of Single Paragraphs and Precis Writing.

(2)     Letter Writing, Quotations, Orders and Tenders: Inviting and Sending quotations, Placing orders and inviting tenders.

Unit -II

(1)     Notices, Agenda and Minutes

(2)     Application Letter: Importance and function, drafting the application, elements structure, preparing CVs.

UNIT -III:

APPLIED GRAMMAR:

(1)     Correct usage

(2)     The structure of sentences

(3)     The structure of paragraphs

(4)     Enlargements of Vocabulary

UNIT - IV:

WRITTEN COMPOSITION:

Precise writing and summarizing

Writing of bibliography

Enlargement of Vocabulary

Suggested Reading: English Grammar and Composition Wren and Martin. S. Chand & Company Ltd.

(B) Computer:

(1)     Computer Application

Characteristic of computers.

(a)      Input, output, storage unites.

(b)      CPU, Computer system.

(2)     Computers Organization

(a)      Central Processing Unit.

(b)      Control Unit.

(c)      Arithmetic Unit.

(d)      Instruction Set.

(e)      Register.

(f)       Processor Speed.

2.2 Memory

(a)      Main Memory.

(b)      Storage Evaluation Criteria.

(c)      Memory Organization.

(d)      Memory Capacity.

(e)      Random Access Memories.

(f)       Read Storage Devices.

(i)       Magnetic Disk

(ii)      Floppy and Hard Disk.

(iii)     Optical Disks CD-ROM

(iv)    Mass Storage

2.3 Input Devices

(a)      Keyboard.

(b)      Mouse.

(c)      Trackball.

(d)      Joystick

(e)      Scanner

(f)       Optical Mark Reader

(g)      Bar-Code Reader

(h)     Magnetic ink character reader.

(i)       Digitizer.

(ii)      Card reader.

(iii)     Voice recognition.

(iv)    Web cam.

(v)      Video Cameras.

2.4 Output Devices

(a)      Monitors.

(b)      Printers.

(i)       Dot Matrix Printers.

(ii)      Inkjet Printers.

(iii)     Laser Printers.

(c)      Plotters.

(d)      Computers Output Micro Files (Com).

(e)      Multimedia Projector.

(3)     Operating System

(a)      Microsoft.

(i)       An overview of different version of windows.

(ii)      Basic windows elements.

(iii)     File management through windows.

(iv)    Using essential accessories : System took Disk cleanup. Disk defragmenter, Entertainment, Games, Calculator. Imaging - Fax, Notepad, paint, WordPad. Recycle Bin, Windows Explorer, Creating Folders, Icons.

(4)     Word Processing:

(a)      Word processing concepts.

(b)      Saving, closing, opening an existing document.

(c)      Selecting text, editing text.

(d)      Finding and replacing text.

(e)      Printing documents.

(f)       Creating and printing merged documents, Mail merge.

(g)      Character and paragraph formatting, page design and layout.

(h)     Editing and proofing tools; checking and correcting spelling.

(i)       Handing graphics.

(j)       Creating tables and charts.

(k)      Documents templates and wizards.

(5)     Presentation Package:

(a)      Creating opening and saving presentations.

(b)      Creating the look of your presentation.

(c)      Working in different views, working with slides.

(d)      Adding and formatting text, formatting paragraphs.

(e)      Checking spelling and correcting typing mistakes.

(f)       Making notes pages and handouts.

(g)      Drawing and working with objects.

(h)     Adding clip art and other pictures.

(i)       Designing slides shows.

(j)       Running and controlling a slide shows.

(k)      Printing Presentations.

Unit-1 : Use at Internet and E-mail :

(1)     Internet.

(2)     Websites (Internet sites).

(3)     The Mail Protocol site.

Unit-2 : Hospital Management System : Types and Uses.

(1)     Hospital Management and System Package.

REFERENCE BOOKS :

(1)     Foundations of computing first edition, 2002. Author : P.K. Sinha and P. Sinha.

(2)     Microsoft office 2000 for windows, second Indian pint, person education. Author : S. Sagman.

Paper 3 (A) Biochemistry & (B) Pathology, Microbiology 1st year:

(1)     Acids and Bases. Definition, definition of pH and its interpretation.

(2)     Water and Solutions. Osmosis, Molarity, Molality, Normality. Buffer solution and their importance, pKa of buffer solution.

(3)     Chemistry of Carbohydrates: Definition, Classification, Structural Isomerism, Optical isomerism, reactions.

(4)     Chemistry of Proteins and Amino Acids: Definition, Structure and classification of Amino Acids. Essential amino acids.

Definition, Structure of proteins, Functional classification of proteins.

(5)     Chemistry of Lipids: Definition of lipids, Classification of lipids, Phospholipids, Gangliosides, Cerebrosides, Glycolipids, Lipoproteins (definition, classification and functions) Chemical reactions of Lipids.

(6)     Chemistry of Nucleic acids: Structure of DNA, RNA classification and structure of the various types of RNA.

(7)     Nutrition and Basal metabolism: BMI and its calculation, Specific dynamic action (SDA), Nutritional requirements and their calculations. Protein energy malnutrition.

(8)     Vitamins: definition, Classification, Uses in the body and deficiency diseases.

(9)     Clinical biochemistry: (for MLT course only)

(a)      Photometry: Laws of Photometry, absorbance, transmittance, Structure and components of a photometer. Types of photometry: colorimetry, spectrophotometry, flurometry. Choice of filters etc.

(b)      Electrophoresis Principal types and applications.

Practical:

• Introduction to apparatus, instruments and uses of chemical balance.

• Preparation of solutions, calculation of molecular weights and Equivalent weights preparation of normal solution, molar solutions, percent solution and reagents Dilution techniques.

• Measurements of hydrogen ion concentration qualitative Analysis. Identification of carbohydrates, proteins and substances of biochemical Importance.

• Demonstration of colorimeter, spectrophotometer, perimeter, single pan balance.

• Disposal regulations, workplace hazardous.

• Specimen collection, identification, transport, delivery and preservation.

• Patient preparation for tests.

• Anticoagulants and preservatives

• Regulations and precautions regarding transport of biological specimens

• Preparation of high quality water

• pH determination

• Preparation of buffers and determination of pH

• Measurement of radioactivity

• Practical related to solvent extraction, Partition coefficient, Dialysis, Concentration,

• Desalting and Ultracentrifugation.

• Calibration of equipments and laboratory wares.

• Familiarization and usage of Colorimetry, specterophotometry, fluorimetry,

• flame photometry, atomic absorption spectroscopy, nephelometry, osmometry,

• Chemiluminesence, ion selective electrodes, flowcytometry.

• Chromatography : - Paper, Thin layer, Gel filtration, Ion exchange, HPLC, GLC,

• Separation of various sugars, amino acids, lipids, drugs toxins etc. Urine aminogram.

(B) Pathology, Microbiology:

1 YEAR 70 HRS

UNIT 1

The Cell in health and disease 10 HRS

(a)      Introduction of pathology

(b)      Cellular structure and metabolism

(c)      Inflammation - Acute and Chronic

(d)      Derangement of Body Fluids and Electrolytes

• Types of shocks

• Ischaemia

• Infection

UNIT 2

Body Fluid 20 HRS

(a)      Urine :

• Method of Collection

• Normal Constitutents

• Physical Examination

• Chemical Examination

(b)      Stool Examination :

• Method of Collection

• Normal Constituents and appearance

• Abnormal Constituents (Ova, Cyst)

(c)      C.S.F. Examination

• Physical Examination

. Chemical Examination

• Microscopy

• Cell Count

• Staining

(d)      Semen Analysis

• Collection

• Examination

• Special Tests

Human blood group antigens and antibodies

(e)      ABO Blood group systems

• Sub. - group

• Source of antigens and types of antibodies

(f)       Rh Blood group System

• Types of Antigen

• Mode of Inheritance

• Types of Antibodies

(g)      Other Blood group Antigens

(h)     Blood Collection

• Selection and screening of donor

• Collection of blood

• Various anticoagulants

• Storage of Blood.

• Changes in Blood on Storage

UNIT 3

HISTOPATHOLOGY 25 HRS

(a)      Fixation of tissues

• Classification of Fixatives

(b)      Tissue Processing

• Collection

• Steps of fixation

(c)      Section Cutting

• Microtome and Knives

• Techniques of Section Cutting

• Mounting of Sections

• Frozen Sections

(d)      Decalcification

• Fixation

• Decalcification

• End Point

(e)      Staining Dyes and their properties, H & E Stain, Special Stains Histo Pathology, Clinical Pathology, Haematology and Blood Banking HistoPathology - Theory

- Introduction to Histo Pathology

- Receiving of Specimen in the laboratory

- Grossing Techniques

- Mounting Techniques - various Mountants

- Maintenance of records and filing of the slides.

- Use & care of Microscope

- Various Fixatives, Mode of action, Preparation and Indication.

- Bio-Medical waste management

- Section Cutting

- Tissue processing for routine paraffin sections

- Decalcification of Tissues.

- Staining of tissues - H& E Staining

- Bio-Medical waste management Clinical Pathology - Theory

- Introduction to Clinical Pathology

- Collection, Transport, Preservation, and Processing of various clinical specimens

- Urine Examination - Collection and Preservation of urine. Physical, chemical, Microscopic Examination

- Examination of body fluids.

- Examination of cerebro spinal fluid (CSF)

- Sputum Examination.

- Examination of faces Haematology - Theory

- Introduction to Haematology

- Normal constituents of Blood, their structure and function.

- Collection of Blood samples

- Various Anticoagulants used in Haematology

- Various instruments and glassware used in Haematology, Preparation and use of glassware

- Laboratory safety guidelines

- SI units and conventional units in Hospital Laboratory

- Hb,PCV

- ESR

- Normal Haemostasis

Bleeding Time, Clotting Time, Prothrombin Time, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time.

Blood Bank

Introduction

Blood grouping and Rh Types

Cross matching

Practical:

7. Introduction: Aim, basis, interpretation, safety in clinical pathology laboratory.

8. 2. Laboratory organisation : Instruments, glassware's, sample collection and specimen labeling, routine test, anticoagulants, reagents, cleaning of glassware, isotonic solution, standardization of methods, preparation of solution and interpretation of result, normal values.

(1)     Basic requirements for hematology laboratory.

(2)     Complete Blood Counts.

(3)     Determination of Hemoglobin.

(4)     TRBC Count by Hemocytometers.

(5)     TLC by Hemocytometer.

(6)     Differential Leukocyte count.

(7)     Determination of Platelet count.

(8)     Determination of ESR by wintrobes.

(9)     Determination of ESR by Westergerent's method.

(10)   Determination of PCV by Wintrobes.

(11)   Erythrocyte Indices - MCV, MCH, MCHC.

(12)   Reticulocyte count.

(13)   Absolute Eosinophil count.

(14)   Morphology of Red Blood Cells.

(15)   BT and CT, PT (prothrombin) time.

(16)   Demonstration of (MP), malaria parasite.

(17)   Bone marrow smears preparation and staining procedure Demonstration.

(18)   ABO Blood grouping, RH typing and cross match.

(19)   Performance of direct and indirect combs test, red cell agglutination test (screening Paul bunnel test).

(20)   Blood donor selection and screening.

(21)   Blood collection and preservation, principal of clearing and preparing transfusion bottle and tubing sets - preparation and Transfusion reaction and their investigations.

PRACTICAL BLOOD BANK:

(1)     Blood Bank Administration

(a)      Record Keeping

(b)      Computerization in blood transfusion services.

(c)      Blood grouping ABO

(d)      PH typing various techniques.

(2)     Cross Matching

(a)      Tube test

(b)      Slide Test

(c)      DU Test

(d)      Sub Grouping Test

(3)     Comb's Test

(a)      Direct comb's test

(b)      Indirect comb's test

(4)     Compatibility Testing for blood transfusion cross matching test.

(a)      5% cell suspension and 10% cell suspensions.

(b)      HIV and AIDS demonstration.

Clinical Pathology:

• Introduction: Aim, basis, interpretation, safety in clinical pathology laboratory.

• Laboratory organization : Instruments, glassware, sample collection and specimen labeling, routine test, anticoagulants, reagents, cleaning of glassware, isotonic solution, standardization of methods, preparation of solution and interpretation of result, normal values.

• Urine routine examination normal/abnormal constituents of urine.

• C.S.F. and other body fluid examination.

• Semen Analysis.

• Sputum test.

• Different types blood test.

• Stool routine examination.

Recommended text books and reference books (Latest Edition)

(1)     Hand book of Blood Transfusion Therapy. Author : J.A.F. Napier. Publisher : John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, England

(2)     Blood Banking and Transfusion Medicine Basic Principles practice. Author : Christopher D., Hill Yeretal. Publishers : Churchile Livingstone, Philadelphia.

(3)     Test book of Blood Transfusion Banking and Transfusion Medicine. Author : Sallyv, Rhdman, Publisher : W.B. Sauders Company, Philadelphia.

(4)     Practical Haematology. Author : Sir John Dalie. Publisher : Churevill, London.

(5)     Test Book of Medical Laboratory Technology, Author : Praful Godkar & Ramnik Sood. Publisher : Bhaliani Publication House, Mumbai.

(6)     Test books of laboratory technology, Author : Praful Godkar.

(7)     Todd and Sanford Clinical diagnosis and management by laboratory methods. Author : Johan Bernard Henry.

(8)     Practical Pathology. Author :Harsh Mohan.

(9)     Medical laboratory technology a procedure normal for routine, Author : Ramnik Sood.

(B) Microbiology:

Theory

Unit I

• Introduction & history of microbiology

• Morphology and physiology of bacteria

• Sterilization and disinfection

Unit II

• Antigen and antibodies

• Antigen - antibody reactions

• Structure and functions of immune system

• Immune response

• Hypersensitivity

Unit III

• Staphylococcus

• Streptococcus

• Pneumococcus

• Corynebacterium

• Neisseria

• Clostridium

• Enterobacteriaceae : Escherechia, Kleibsella, Proteus

• Salmonella

• ShigellaPseudomonas

• Vibrio

• Mycobacterium

• Spirochete

Unit IV

• Morphology and Replication of viruses

• Physiochemical characteristics of the viruses

• Classification of virus

• Laboratory diagnosis of viral infection

• Herpesvirus and adenovirus

• Picorna Virus- Polio

• Myxovirus- Influenza

• Arbovirus- Chickengunia & Dengue

• Hepatitis virus

• Rhabdovirus

• HIV

Unit V

• Morphology and structure of fungi

• Classification of fungi and Cultivation of fungi

• Laboratory diagnosis of fungal infection

Fungal infections

• Superficial mycosis

• Subcutaneous mycosis

• Systemic mycosis

• Opportunistic fungal infection

Unit VI

• Introduction to parasitology with their classification

Protozoa

• Entamoeba histolytica

• Giardia lamblia

• Leishmania donovani (kala azar)

Helminthes Cestodes

• Tenia solium & Tenia saginata

• Echhinococcus granulosus

Nematodes

• Ascaris lumbricoides

• Ancylostoma duodenale

• Wucheria Bancroft

• Enterobius vermicularis & Trichuris trichuria

Practical

• Universal precautions

• Collection and transport of clinical specimen

• Compound microscope ( care and operation)

• Demonstration of sterilization of equipments- Hot air oven, bacterial filters

• Preparation of bacterial smear and staining- Gram's, Acid- fast, Staining of bacterial spores, flagella capsule, Albert stain, spirochaetes

• Preparation of commonly used culture media, nutrient broth, nutrient agar, blood agar, Chocolate agar, Mac conkey medium, LJ medium, SDA, Robertson cooked meat media,

• Study of clony charecters, biochemical test for identification of bacteria, preservation of stock culture of bacteria

• Antibiotic susceptibility test - different in vitro methods for antibiotic sensitivity testing

• Visit to hospital for demonstration of biomedical waste management

• Anaerobic culture methods,

• Quality control of media and reagents etc.

Parasitology

• Examination of stool for parasites

• Examination of blood & bone marrow for parasites

Serological diagnostic methods, Skin test.

• Collection of blood by venepuncture, separation of serum and preservation of serum for short and long periods.

• Performances of serological tests

(a)      Bacterial slide agglutination

(b)      WIDAL, VDRL, CRP

(c)      Pregnancy test

(d)      ASLO, CRP and RF

(e)      ELISA

• Skin test

(a)      MT Test

• KOH and LPCB preparation

• Staining techniques

• Culture of fungi

• Slide culture

Paper 4- BASIC OBSTERTRIC AND GYNAECOLOGY

To work as Operation Theatre Technician the introductory knowledge of Obstetrics & Gynaecologyh is essential hence this subject is introduced to give brief on introductory knowledge ; which helps the technician to take some precautionary measures to keep required operation tools ready accordingly in advance.

OBJECTIVE : Student should be able to :

(1)     Understand the type of delivery and disorder

(2)     Keep the instruments and tools required ready well in advance

SYLLABUS:

(1)     Pregnancy

(2)     Normal delivery forceps delivery twin pregnancy

(3)     Episiotomy caesarian delivery

(4)     Birth control methods and contraception

(5)     Medical termination of pregnancy

(6)     Anatomy of female sex organs

(7)     Gynecological examination and diagnosis

(8)     Disease of vulve disease of vagina STD in female

(9)     Disorders of menstruation

(10)   Prolapsed uterus Fibromyomas of uterus endometriosis various ovarian tumors

(11)   Gynae examination instruments speculum & dialator

(12)   Instrument of common gynecological and obstetrics procedures or surgery

Practical:

• Identification of instrument and their specific use in the surgery

• Surgical assistance in the Obstetrics & Gynaecological operations Instrument for normal delivery & caesarian section MTP Hysterctomy preparation of Physiological changes of pregnancy

• Anaesthesia in early pregnancy

• Antenatal assessment of the pregnant woman

• Medical diseases complicating pregnancy

• Pain relief in labour

• Anaesthesia for operative obstetrics

• Emergencies in obstetrics

• Neonatal resuscitation

Paper 6 General Principal of Hospital Practice and Patient Care

Suggested number of teaching hours 100 including tutorial and demonstrations This section is intended to emphasis to the student technologist the importance of patient welfare.

Many of the points included in this section may be considered during the teaching of other subjects also but it is strongly urged specific teaching and as much practical demonstrating and instruction as possible should be given in this section.

Modern hospital treatment is based on team work, it is essential that the student should appreciate the technologist role and that the importance of co-operation with wards and other departments.

The students should be attached to wards or the accident and emergency department for a definite training period the length of time being suited to the individual hospital.

Hospital procedure :Hospital staffing and organization records relating to patients and departmental statistic professional attitude of the technologist to patient and other members of the staff medico legal aspects accident in the department appointment organization minimizing waiting time out patient and follow up clinics stock taking and stock keeping.

Care of the patient First contact with patients in the department management of chair and stretcher patients and aids for this management for the unconscious patient elementary hygiene personal cleanliness hygiene in relation to patient (for example clean linen and receptacles nursing care temperature pulse and respiration essential care of the patient who has a tracheotomy essential care of the patient who has a colostomy bedpans and urinals simple application of a sterile dressing.

First aid : Aims and objective of first aids wounds and bleeding dressing and bandages pressure and splints supports etc Shock insensibility asphyxia convulsions resuscitation use of suction apparatus drug reactions prophylactic measure administration of oxygen electric shock burns scalds hemorrhage pressure points compression band Fracture splints bandaging dressing foreign bodies poisons.

Infection: Bacteria their nature and appearance spread of infections auto infection or cross infection the inflammatory process local tissue reaction general body reaction ulceration aspects and antisepsis.

Principles of asepsis Sterilization methods of sterilization use of central sterile supply department care of identification of instruments surgical dressings in common use including filament swabs, elementary operating theatre procedure setting of trays and trolleys in the radiotherapy department (for study by radiotherapy students only)

Departmental procedures : Department staffing and organization records relating to patients and departmental statistic professional attitude of the technologist to patient and other members of the staff medico legal aspects accident in the department appointment organization minimizing waiting time out patient and follow up clinic stock taking and stock keeping.

Drugs in the department: Storage classification labeling and checking regulations regarding dangerous and other drugs units of measurement special drugs ant depressive anti hypertensive etc.

BOOK FOR STUDY:

Deeley-A guide to Radiotherapy nursing Living stone

Care of patient in diagnostic Radiography Chesney & Chesney

Chesney's Care of the patient in Diagnostic Radiography Pauline J.Culmer.

Aid to Tray and Trolley Setting Marjorie Hougton

First Aid-Haugher & Gardner

A guide to Oncology nursing (Livingstone) Deeley

O.T. Instrument & Technique:

Armamentarium: Cox and storing in O.T, Sterlization and disinfections GENERAL SURGICAL PRINCIPLES AND INSTRUMENTS The surgical patient, operation room technique .

INSTRUMENTS USED FOR PREPAIRING SURGICAL     Cheatles forceps, rampelys, sponge holding forceps mayo's towel chip, esmach's bandage, Simple tourniquet, pneumatic tourniquet:

INCISION MAKING METHOD AND INSTRUMENTS :

Bard parker knife handle, major abdominal incision, artery forceps and their types instruments used in homeostasis, Kocher's forceps, electric cautery.

RETRACTORS: Single hook retractors, Czerny's retractor, s, nerve hook retractors, Morris retractors, deaver's, retractors.

WOUND MANAGEMENT Seissors and its types sucking material and techniques, disinfectants and irritants, dressing procedures, different types of bandages, surgical needle & needle holders, various types of suture material Identification & Demonstration of working of the equipment

Anesthesia Equipment

(1)     Boyle's Machine & it's functioning

(2)     Boyle's vaporizer

(3)     Magill's breathing circuit, Bains breathing circuit, pediatrics anesthesia circuit

(4)     Gas cylinders and flow meters

(5)     Carbon dioxide absorption contester

(6)     Suction apparatus-foot operated, electrically operated

(7)     Ambubag laryngoscope hndotracheatubes

(8)     Catheters,face masks, venti mask

(9)     Pre-anesthetic mediation

(10)   Local Anesthetic agents

(11)   Spinal Anesthetic agents

(12)   General Anesthetic agents

Identification & demonstration of the working of equipments

Second Year

Examination Scheme

Practical:

Paper I Entrepreneurship & Professional Management

Common to All Branches of Para-Medical Programmers

As the opportunities for wage employment are reducing day by day, Govt. of India and State Govt. directed to develop entrepreneurship among the student. Entrepreneurship training is essential to make aware the student of different branches of diploma courses about the scope of employment outside the Govt. Sector. It will equip them the necessary skills and training for setting up a small scale enterprises in their own area of study. This course includes the procedure how to select proceed and start the small scale enterprises. To achieve the target and goal in a organization it is essential to ordinate the entire system. For this the knowledge of principles of management personnel management and financial management is required

(1)     Entrepreneurship :

Definition basic concept need, scope and characteristics of entrepreneurship. Women entrepreneurship Assistance to small scale enterprises from national level organization like SIDO, NSIC NRDC KVIC

Assistance to small scale enterprises from State level organization like DOI,DIG RFC RHDC Pollution Control Board Rajasthan Khadi & Facilities to omen entrepreneurs.

 

Schedule-5

[See regulation 41(2)]

Syllabus of Diploma in Dialysis Technology

The Course shall include the respective subject as given in the table below, the minimum number of hours to be devoted to each subject-lectures and practical shall not be than those noted against them

all written examinations shall be of three hours duration.

(2)     Examinations:

First Year

Theory : 60 Teaching Hours:

Anatomy & Physiology

(Normal kidney structure and functions): 4 hours

Derangement of kidney functions

(aetiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis of acute and chronic renal failure) : 8 hours

Dialysis - the concept

(Brief history, definition mechanism) : 4 hours

Components of Dialysis

(Access, blood flow, anticoagulant, dialsate ) : 4 hours

Hemodialysis - Basics

(Blood circuit tubing pump, dialyzer, flow rate, dialysate circuit, concentrates, delivery systems, flow rate) : 12 hours

Anticoagulation (Heparin, alternatives to Heparin, regional no anticoagulation) : 8 hours

Vascular access (Temporary, Permanent) : 8 hours

Dialysis water and water treatment : 4 hours

Dialysis and Dialyzer (including reuse) : 4 hours

Hemodialysis machine : 4 hours

Practical : 180 Teaching Hours:

(A)     Demonstration : (20 x 30 = 60 Teaching Hours)

Demonstration of

• A Hemodialysis unit

• Demineralisation plant

• Machine

• Intiation of Dialysis

• Conduction of Dialysis

• Dialysis - closure

• Washing, cleaning, reuse

• Maintenance of Hygiene in Dialysis unit

• Access - core

• Anticoagulation

(B)     Actual participation in Dialysis Procedure : 120 Teaching Hours including clinical evaluation of patient

Second Year

(A)     Complications of Hemodialysis : 12 hours

• Access related complication

• Dialyzer related complication

• Dialysate related complication

• Anticoagulant related complication

• Machine/Blood Pump associated complication

• Special type of complication

• Maintenance of hygience in Dialysis unit

• Acces - core

• Anticoagulation

(B)     Doses of Hemodialysis : 8 hours

• Duration, index, clearance

• Middle colecules Ura reduction ration

• Urea kinetic modeling, Dialysis adeqacy

(C)     Doses of Hemodialysis : 8 hours

• Continuous Dialysis : 10 hours

• Continuous venovenous hemofiltration

• Continuous hemoduafiltration

• Continuous slow hemodialysis

• Component access, tubing, filter, replacement, fluid, Antigoagulation, flow rate

(D)     Peritoneal Dialysis : 30 hours

• History, Perotioneal physiology, kineties technique, catheter, dialysate fulid, insertion procedure, drainage, complication.

• Continuous peritoneal dialysis procedure, dose.

Practical : 160 Teaching Hours :

• Actual conduction of Hemodialysis : 140 hours

• Actual conduction of peritoneal Dialysis : 120 hours

• Clinical assessment of patients

List of Books Prescribed

• Handbook of Dialysis

By John T. Daugirdas (Editor), Peter G. Blalke (Editor), Todd S. Ing (Editor)

• Actual conduction of peritoneal Dialysis : 120 hours

By Judith Z. Kallenbach MSN RN CNN (Author)

• Peritoneal Dialysis : From basic concepts to clinical excellence

By C. Ronco, Carlo Crepaldi, Dinna N. Cruz

• Basic Clinical Dialysis

By David Harris, Grahame Elder, Lukas Kairaitis, Gopala Rangan

• Replacement of Renal Function by Dialysis

By John P Meher

• Nutritional Considerations in Indian Patients on PD

By Aditi Nayak, Akash Nayak, Mayoor Prabhu and K S Nayak

• Chronic Kidney Disease, Dialysis, and Transplantation

BY: Mohamed H. Sayegh (Author), Jonathan Himmelfarb (Author), Mohamed Sayegh (Author), Jonathan, M. D. Himmelfarb (Author), Mohamed H., M.D. Sayegh (Author) Publisher : W.B. Saunders Company

 

Schedule-6

[See regulation 41(2)]

Syllabus of Diploma in Orthopedic Technology

1st Year

PAPER I - Human Anatomy and Physiology

Introduction to the body as a whole

The cells, tissues of the body

The cell: Structure, multiplication.

Tissue: Types, structure, characteristics, functions

Epithelium: Simple, Compound

Connective: Areolar, adipose, fibrous, elastic, Cartilage, blood and bone

Muscle: Striated (Voluntary), Smooth (Involuntary, Cardiac)

Nervous tissue

Fibrous tissue

Cell regeneration

Membranes: Mucous, Serous, Synovial

Osteology (including whole skelton, bones and joints)

Development of bone (ostogenesis) : Cells inv

Types and functions of bone, Types of joints and various movements.

AXIAL Skelton:

(a)      Skull: Cranium, face, air sinuses

(b)      Vertebral column: regions, movements and characteristics

(c)      Sternum

(d)      Ribs

Appendicular skelton: Bones involving -Shoulder girdle and Upper limb, Pelvic girdle and lower limb, Healing of bones: cellular activity, Factors that delay healing, Diseases of bones and joints.

Musculoskeletal System

Anatomy of Joints & its function.

The Respiratory System:

(a)      Organs: Position and structure

(b)      Nose and nasal cavities

(c)      Functions: respiratory, Olfactory

(d)      Pharynx

(e)      Larynx: Functions - respiratory, vocal

(f)       Trachea, Bronchi, lungs: lobes, lobules, pleura

Respiratory functions: External and internal respiration, common terms relating to disease and conditions of the system.

PAPER II -Pathology of Muscle & Bones Joint Conditions

Backache and Neckache

Orthopaedic Conditions in Childhood

Minor & Adult Disorders

Common Fractures

PAPER III -Orthopedics and Traumatology

Fractures and Dislocation:

definition,

fractures healing,

types of fractures,

General principles of treatment,

Common fractures of upper and lower extremities. Skull, Spine

Radiology - Basic Interpretation Skills

PAPER IV -Physics of Orthopedic Instrument & its Maintenance

General principles of Operative procedures and orthopedic appliances.

Surgical diathermy,

Suction machine,

OT table,

Various lightening systems,

Fumigation.

Orthopedic Instruments

OT table and attachments,

Autoclave instrument

Handling and care

C-Arm Image Intensifier (Conventional & Digital)

2nd Year

PAPER VI -Orthopedic Procedure & Implant Technology

History of plaster of Paris,

Properties of plaster of Paris,

Preparation of plaster of Paris bandages,

Different types of slabs and casts,

Correct method of Appling slabs and casts,

Special plasters - FCB, PTB etc.

Plaster removal,

Plaster cutter and associated instruments.

Casting & Splinting

Braces and Traction

Types of Plaster its advancement

Dressing and Dressing room techniques:

Introduction: general environment and cleanliness.

Dressing table and trolley, drums: preparation contents and maintenance,

Dressing material: types, preparation, use and sterilization.

Different types of solutions used for dressing viz hydrogen peroxide, providing Iodine etc.

Medicated dressings vizSofratulley, collagen etc.

Basic principles of bandaging.

Principles involved in the design, fabrication and use of orthopedic implants.

Orthopedic Implant Mechanics and Materials

Biocompatibility, strength, lubrication and interfacing.

Hip Joint Replacement

Knee Joint Replacement

Ankle Joint Replacement

Fractures, Fracture Healing and Non-Surgical Fixation

Surgical Fracture Fixation

PAPER VII Operation room techniques & its Management

Reception of patients in OT premises,

Scrubbing, dressing,

Tourniquet and it's application,

Growing, painting and draping,

OT fumigation and UV lights,

Autoclaving.

Preparation for Anesthesia.

Reception of patient,

Shifting, positioning for anesthesia,

Check out procedure.

Sterilization:

Definition,

Classification of sterilizing agents,

Physical methods of sterilization,

Importance of sterilization.

Sutures:

Absorbable: Surgical catgut, collagen sutures, synthetic absorbable utures etc.

Non absorbable: Silks, cotton, polyamide, polypropylene, stainless steel etc.

PAPER VIII :-Patient Care

Fundamentals of patient care

Definition,

Introduction: general environment and cleanliness.

Proper disposal of ward waste,

Beds: bed making, posturing in bed, special beds viz pneumatic, waterbeds.

Hygienic care: care of skin, care of hairs and nails, oral hygiene, care of pressure

Points. Exercise and activity: Principles of good posturing and body behavior,

Moving and lifting patient, posture changes assisting patient in attaining

Ambulatory status.

Promoting urinary and intestinal eliminations: offering urinal, bedpan,

Observations of urine and faeces, Maintaining nutrition.

Maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance.

Maintenance of input/output records.

Oral intake measures.

Management of acutely injured:

First aid,

Transport,

Resuscitation methods.

Infection Control Procedures

Legal & Ethical Responsibilities Medical Errors

PAPER IX Biomechanics & Physiotherapy

Biomechanics:-Mechanics of the human musculoskeletal system.

Biomechanics of Skeletal: - basic properties and mechanics of bone, articular cartilage, tendons and ligaments. Biomechanics of the Lower Limb, major joints of the lower limb, Including the bio-mechanics of walking.

Upper Limb and Spine: - detailed examination of the forces acting on the spine during lifting.

Physiotherapy of Spine, Upper Limb (Shoulder Joint, Elbow joint, wrist Joint), Lower limbs (Knee Joint, Ankle Joint, Phalynges etc.)

Rehabitalation of Patient after recovery from trauma/injury/operative procedure.

 

Schedule-7

[See regulation 41(2)]

SYLLABUS OF DIPLOMA IN ECG TECHNOLOGY

1st Year

Communication skills in English

Practicals:

We envisage two successive stages for attaining skills in communication ability:

(1)     Listening:

For improving listening skills the following steps are recommended.

• Listen to prerecorded tapes

• Reproduce vocally what has been heard

• Reproduce in written from

• Summarize the text heard

• Suggest substitution of words and sentences

• Answer questions related to the taped text

• Summarize in writing

(2)     Speaking:

Introducing English consonant - sounds and vowel- sounds.

(3)     Vocabulary:

• Synonyms Homonyms Antonyms and Homophones

• Words often confused as for example, (I- Me, Your - Yours, its- it's comprehensible-comprehensive, complement- compliment)

• Context - based meanings for the words, for example,

o (Man (N) Man (vb) step (N), step (vb))

o (conflict-Israel- Palestinian conflict, (Emotional conflict, ldieas confclit)

o Learn-I learn at this school ( I Learn from the morning news)

(4)     Delivering short discourses :

• About oneself

• Describing a place, person, object

• Describing a picture, photo

(5)     Group discussion:

• Developing skill to initiate a discussion (how to open)

• Snatching initiative from others (watch for weak points etc.)

(6)     Expand a topic- sentence into 4-5 sentence narrative:

Computer applications:

Fundamentals of Computer Science

Human Anatomy & Physiology

Clinical Cardiology

Clinical Cardiology - (Practical)

Pathology & Terminology

ECG Instrument and Maintenance (Practical)

Hospital Training for 45 days after the final examination.

IInd Year

Pharmacology:

A knowledge of concern disease and drugs where after the structure and funciton of the heart is essential for instrument technician.

• Cardiac Drugs

• Effect of drugs and ECG Changes

• Toxicity of Drugs and ECG Changes.

Electrocardiography & Techniques:

Electricity & Electrocardiogram

General Principal of Hospital Practice and patient care

Electricity, Cardiography & Technique (Practical)

Electricity, Electrocardiogram (Practical)

Hospital Training for 45 days after the final examination

 

Schedule-8

[See regulation 41(2)]

SYLLABUS DIPLOMA IN BLOOD BANK TECHNOLOGY

COURSE CURRICULUM:

FIRST YEAR

PAPER - I - MICROBIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY

(1)     Introduction to Microbiology, Fundamentals of microscopy, sterilization and disinfection

(2)     Groups of Micro organisms, Micro organisms staining techniques

(3)     Bacteriological media, Pure cultures and cultural characteristics, Bacteria of medical importance

(4)     Transfusion transmitted infections, HCV, HBV, malaria, syphilis

(5)     ELISA, rapid and other tests for diagnosis of transfusion transmitted infections

(6)     Nucleic acid testing

(7)     Biosafety, Management of Biomedical waste

(8)     Instrumentation principles: PH meter, colorimeter, Spectrophotometer, Electrophoresis equipment

PAPER - II – HEMATOLOGY

(1)     Collection of blood samples, types of anticoagulants

(2)     Complete hemogram, Different methods of haemoglobin screening/estimation: Copper sulphate, haematologyanalysers, Sahli's, Cyanmethhemoglobin and Hemocue methods, Red cell indices

(3)     Normal erythropoiesis, Leucopoiesis, Formation and function of platelets

(4)     Classification of anaemia, their laboratory diagnosis, Hemoglobinopathy: Beta Thalassemia and Sickle cell disease, G6PD deficiency, polycythemia

(5)     Autoimmune hemolytic anaemia, classification, diagnosis, specificity of autoantibodies

(6)     Coagulation Mechanism, Hemostasis, laboratory tests for coagulation, Platelet Disorders

(7)     Haematological malignancies

(8)     Bone marrow transplantation, peripheral stem cells, cord blood stem cells, cord blood banking

 

PAPER - III. GENERAL IMMUNOLOGY

(1)     Introduction to Immunology, History, Immunity

(2)     Antigens :Immunogen, allo-antigen, soluble antigen, Red cell antigen, Epitopes

(3)     Antibodies: Polyclonal antibodies, development of antibodies, structure of immunoglobulins, characteristics of immunoglobulins

(4)     Monoclonal antibodies: Hybridoma technology, Human monoclonal antibodies, Applications of Mab

(5)     Antigen antibody reaction: Antigen concentration, antibody concentration, enhancing media, other factors influencing antigen antibody reaction, Immunoassays: ELISA,

(6)     Cells of immune system: Phagocytic cells, Antigen presenting cells, T cells, T cell subsets, B cells, CD Markers, Flowcytometry for counting T& B cells

(7)     Autoimmune disorders

(8)     Complement System

(9)     HLA antigens, HLA antibodies, HLA Serology, Histocompatibility matching: Molecular methods

(10)   Molecular methods in Immunology

 

PAPER - IV- BLOOD COMPONENTS & BLOOD DONATION

(1)     Selection of blood bags for component preparation, preparation of red cell concentrate, Fresh Frozen plasma, platelet concentrate, cryoprecipitate, washed red cells, Frozen red cells

(2)     Plasma Fractionation: Principles, manufacturing of different plasma derivatives

(3)     Component Testing, Labeling,

(4)     Transportation and storage of blood components.

(5)     Preparation of leukoreduced blood products, Leukocyte filters, component extractors.

(6)     Metabolic changes in blood components during storage, release of cytokine during storage.

(7)     Inventory management and maintenance of blood stock.

(8)     Irradiated blood components

(9)     Blood substitutes

(10)   Measurement of factor VIII level in FFP

(11)   Measurement of fibrinogen level in FFP

(12)   Sterility test on platelet concentrates.

(13)   Sterility test on Whole blood

(14)   Measurement of pH and other platelet parameters.

(1)     Donor Motivation, Motivational Techniques, Social Marketing, Preparation of IEC Materials

(2)     Donor recruitment & Retention: Types of blood donors, Donor selection, medical interview and medical examination, screening for haemoglobin estimation, Managing rejected blood donors, technique for conversion of first time donor into regular voluntary donor, donor felicitation

(3)     Blood collection room equipment, their principles, and use, emergency medicines, Pre donation counselling, Bleeding of the donor, post donation care, post donation counselling

(4)     Screening of blood units for mandatory tests, Discarding infected units,

(5)     Blood Donation drive: Awareness programs prior to blood donation drive, Camp site, staff requirement, management of camp, transportation of blood units from camp site to blood bank

(6)     Preservation of donated blood, blood preservation solutions, Additive solutions

(7)     Apheresis procedures, Apheresis products, preparation of multiple products on cell separators, Maintenance of cell separator equipment

(8)     Autologous blood donation

 

PAPER -VI - TRANSFUSION THERAPY

(1)     Management of Blood Bank Issue Counter, Criteria for acceptance of requisition form, inspection of blood component prior to issue.

(2)     Blood administration, transfusion filters, post transfusion care, Therapeutic plasma exchange

(3)     Judicious use of blood; management of different types of anemia, management of bleeding patient, Neonatal transfusion, Transfusion practices in surgery, Transfusion therapy for oncology and trans plantation patents.

(4)     Hemolytic transfusion reaction immediate and delayed; immune and non immune reaction path physiology; Clinical signs and symptoms Laboratory invigilation for HTR Tests to defect bacterial Contamination in blood,

(5)     Non- hemolytic transfusion reactions Immediate and delayed, febrile reaction, allergic reaction, clinical signs and symptoms.

(6)     Acute transfusion related lung injury, alloimmunization, Iron overload, Graft versus host disease.

(7)     Strategies to prevent transfusion reactions

 

PAPER - VII – IMMUNOHAEMATOLOGY

(1)     Basic Principles of immunohaematology, Application of Blood groups: Population Genetics, Forensic medicine, Transfusion medicine

(2)     ABO Blood of Group Systems: History, Genetics, ABH antigens, Biochemical Synthesis of blood group antigens, Antigenic sites, weaker variants, Bombay Phenotype, ABO antibodies,

(3)     Rh Blood Group System: History, Genetics, Molecular Genetics, Nature of Rh Antigens, Partial D, Week D, other variants of Rh, Rh Null, Rh antibodies, factors influencing Rh immunization, Functional role of Rh antigens

(4)     Other Blood Group Systems: Lewis, P, Ii, MNSs, Kell, Duffy, Celano, In, Private antigens, Public antigens.

(5)     Antenatal Serology, Hemolytic disease of the newborn due to ABO Incompatibility, Rh Incompatibility and other allo-antibodies

(6)     Red cell serology techniques, their advantages and disadvantages, Cell and serum grouping, detection of weak A and B antigens and weak D/Partial D cases, Trouble shooting in red cell serology

(7)     Pre transfusion testing, Different methods of cross matching, cross matching in special circumstances, emergency cross matching, electronic cross matching

(8)     Principles of Direct and indirect antiglobulin test, enzyme technique, albumins technique, Detection of blood group antibodies, identification of their Specificity, clinical significance of antibody detection, differentiation between auto and allow-antibodies

(9)     Gel Technology, Micro plate technique

 

PAPER - VIII - QUALITY CONTROL IN BLOOD BANKINGAND LEGAL ASPECTS

(1)     Quality control of blood grouping reagents, QC of anti-human globulin reagent, bovine albumin, Normal saline

(2)     Quality control of blood bags

(3)     Quality control of different blood bank Components, sterility test on component.

(4)     Automation in blood banking

(5)     Calibration, validation and maintenance of blood bank equipment, QC of blood bank techniques, internal and external QC.

(6)     Organization of blood bank services, Blood Bank premises and infrastructure, Regional blood transfusion centre and blood storage centres, Blood bank management system

(7)     Regulations for blood bank operation: Drugs and cosmetics Law, National blood policy, standards in Blood Banking, licensing procedures.

(8)     Recruitment and training of blood bank personnel, Proficiency testing.

(9)     Blood Bank Accreditation.

 

PAPER - IX - RECENT ADVANCES IN BLOOD BANKING TECHNIQUES

(1)     Automation in Blood Banking

(2)     Nucleic Acid Testing

(3)     Apheresis

(4)     Stem Cells

Reference Books:

(1)     Modern Blood Banking and Transfusion practices by Denise M Harmening, 5th edi

(2)     Transfusion Medicine technical manual-DGHS, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, Second edition, 2003

(3)     Blood transfusion in clinical medicine by PL Mollison

(4)     AABB Technical Manual, 17th ed, AABB

(5)     Compendium of transfusion medicine, RN Makroo

(6)     Practical Hematology, J A Dacie and S M Lewis

(7)     Basic Immunology, A K Abbas and A H Lichtman. Second ed, Saunders Elsevier.

(8)     Essential Immunology. I Roitt, 8th ed, Blackwell scientific publications

(9)     Basic molecular and cell biology. David Latchman. BMJ Publishing group, 1997.

(10)   Voluntary blood donation program NACO, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, 2007.

(11)   National guide book in blood donor motivation. NACO, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India.

(12)   Standards for blood banks and blood transfusion services, NACO, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi 2007.

 

Schedule-9

[See regulation 41(2)]

Syllabus of Diploma in Endoscopy Technology

PAPER I ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY:

Introduction to the body as a whole

The cells, tissues of the body

The cell: Structure, multiplication.

Tissue: Types, structure, characteristics, functions

Epithelium: Simple, Compound

Connective: Areolar, adipose, fibrous, elastic, Cartilage, blood and bone

Muscle: Striated (Voluntary), Smooth (Involuntary, Cardiac)

Nervous tissue

Fibrous tissue

Cell regeneration

Membranes: Mucous, Serous, Synovial

Musculoskeletal System The Respiratory System:

(a)      Organs: Position and structure

(b)      Nose and nasal cavities

(c)      Functions: respiratory, Olfactory

(d)      Pharynx

(e)      Larynx: Functions - respiratory, vocal

(f)       Trachea, Bronchi, lungs: lobes, lobules, pleura

Respiratory functions: External and internal respiration, common terms relating to disease and conditions of the system.

Anatomy of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small bowel.

Anatomy of abdomen, omentum, colon, rectum and anal canal.

Physiology & Mechanism of stomach and intestinal secretion. Function of stomach, duodenum and gallbladder.

Physiology & function of liver, spleen, colon and rectum. Physiology of defecation.

PAPER II PATHOLOGY AND MICROBIOLOGY FOR GIT:

General lectures on micro-organisms- Classification/shapes/

Sterilisation and asepsis.

Infection- source of infection, spread of infection, various pathogenic bacteria, viruses and diseases caused by them (gastritis, enteritis, enterocolitis, colitis, etc)

Pathology - General- Cell injury and adaptation, inflammation and repair, fluid and hemodynamic derangement in vomiting and diarrhoea.

Pathology of the gastrointestinal tract and genital system. IBS, IBD, koch's abdomen.

Common Diseases of Upper GI Tract, Dysphagia, Achalasia, Cancer of the esophagus, Diverticulae, T-OFistulas, Bleeding lesions of the esophagus (Varices, Mallorie Weis Tears)

Polyps of stomach, gastric cancer, duodenal ulcers, Bleedinglesions, Helicobacter Pylorie infection and Antral Gastritis

Common diseases of the colon, cancer colon, polyps, diverticulae, granulomatous colitis, Ulcerative colitis, Crohn's Disease, Functional diseases, benign strictures of the colon, Diseases of Billiary tract, Stones Tumors, Gall Bladder stone and Cancer sequelae

Pancreatic diseases needing the ERCP procedure

PAPER III -PHYSICS OF ENDOSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS &ITS MAINTENANCE:

Layout of Endoscopy theatre

Principle & Working of GI Scope,

Principle & Working of Colonoscopy.

Principle & Working of Bronchoscope,

Principle& Working of esophagoscope

Principle & Working of Fibre optic laryngoscope,

sinoscope, basic laparoscope

Use, care, & maintenance of the common types of

Instruments, needles, suture and ligatures used in operation theatre

Basic endoscopy unit - forward viewing, single channel and double channel endoscopy and

Specific instruments used in endoscopic and colonoscopy procedures

Bio hazards and safety in medical devices

Basics of Video endoscopy Instrumentation, Mechanics,

Mechanics, Magnification etc.

C-Arm Image Intensifier

PAPER IV PREPRATION FOR ENDOSCOPIC PROCEDURE:

Cleanliness and sterilization of ER/operation theatre and annexes

Fumigation, Asepsis in endoscopy rooms

Fumigation continued

Principles of sterilization, modes of sterilization including autoclaving,

Pressure sterilization, boiling, dry heat, gas chemical sterilization, Gamma ray sterilization.

Lighting in E.T. including emergency lighting

Helping endoscopist and others to wash up and drape for operation.

holding out cap, mask, gown and gloves for endoscopist and others and handling of sterilized articles.

Washing, cleaning, testing and repairing of gloves and sorting -themout for packing and sterilization

Preparation of dressings, swabs and packs packing of drums and sterilization.

Use, care, and sterilisation of the common types of instruments, needles, suture and ligatures used in operation theatre.

Procedure for sending specimen for biopsy and fluid for culture.

Identification of instruments for common Endoscopic procedures

operations and examinations, such as:- GI Scopy, Colonoscopy,

Bronchoscopy, esophagoscopy, Fibre optic laryngoscopy, sinoscopy, basic laparoscopy

Setting up of tray/trolleys for various endoscopic procedures/surgeries.

Assisting the scrub surgeon

Scrubbing, gloving & gowning

Laying tables for endoscopie

Endoscopy OT Stores - Indenting, storekeeping, accounting and audit.

Inventory Management.

Setting up of table for various diagnostic and therapeutic procedures

PAPER VI PATIENT CARE:

Patient Preparation for different endoscopic examination

Special Precaution in handlings patients with sepsis, blood borne infection - Hep.B, HCV,

HIV etc - Cleaning and disinfection of the articles and endoscopy room (with special reference to HIV, HBV & HCV ) Terminal disinfection of endoscopy room

Preparation of patient including transfer & positioning of the patient

Elective and emergency procedures.

Observation & monitoring the patient in recovery room

PAPER VII Basic Endoscopic Procedure :

Assisting the endoscopist in various endoscopic and colonoscopicproecdures Like :-

Herniorrhapy: inguinal, epigastric, femoral, paraumbilical Abdominal Laparotomy

Laparoscopy: cholecystectomy, appendicectomy

Vagotomy and Pyloroplasty, Gastrostomy, lleostomy, Colostomy

Appendicectomy

Colonoscopy - Endoscopy

Diagnostic endocopic procedure- giving oral anaesthetic agent, Diagnostic colonoscopic procedure- Assisting the anesthesiologist for induction of anaesthesia and positioning the patient, Biopsy, Injection Sclerotherapy

Gastric Biopsy

Basics of Laparoscopy, Instrumentation, Technique

Introduction to rigid scope, mechanics ETC

Common Laparoscopic procedures, Appendix, Cholecystectomyetc

PAPER VIII- Advanced Endoscopic Procedure :

Assisting the endoscopist in various endoscopic and colonoscopicproecdures like Introduction to ERCP suite Management: Organisation of Hospital - Organisation of ERCP rooms - Single and Multiple units - Elective and emergency procedures.

Principles of Surgical Asepsis and ERCP Room: - Preparation of tables, equipments, instruments for the procedure - Care of ERCP room - before, during & after the procedure -Special Precaution in handlings patients with sepsis, blood borne infection - Hep.B, HCV, HIV etc - Cleaning and disinfection of the articles and ERCP room (with special reference to HIV, HBV & HCV ).

ERCP Room equipments, Instruments and Maintenance: Basic ERCP unit - side viewing scope, C-arm facility- recording and documentation of interesting procedure. Specific instruments used diagnostic and therapeutic procedures- various sphincterotomes, guide wires, balloon dilators, baskets, lithotripsy handling,- various types of stents- plastic and metal.

Diagnostic ERCP procedures- preparation of patient including transfer & positioning of the patient. Assisting the anesthesiologist for induction of anaesthesia and positioning the patient, Assisting the endoscopist in various diagnostic ERCP procedures.

Therapeutic ERCP procedures- Assisting endoscopist for CBD stone removal, CBD and CHD stricture management, plastic and metal stent placement, getting tissue biopsy and brush cytology. Pancreatic stent placement, Maintaining Patient Safety and Comfort in ERCP room: Prevention of physical, electrical, chemical injuries/hazards to patient - Maintenance of interpersonal relationship.

Pancreatectomy, Drainage of pancreatic Cyst(pseudocyst), Resections of Small Bowel, Sigmoid Colon andrectum; Hemi & total Colectomy; Colostomy: Closure of colostomy, Rectopexy & abdominoperineal resection, Drainage of abscess(es) in the region of the liver, Hepatic Resection, liver transplant, Splenectomy; L-R Shunt,

Esophageal Varices, Gastric Varices,

Indications of Treatement of Bleeding lesions in the esophagus, Glue

Injection and EVL

Gastric Polyp resection, Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy,

Percuataneous Jejunostomy

Dilatation of strictures of esophagus, Balloon, bougies, CRE

Balloons ETC

Basic ERCP Procedure, Premedication, position, stone retrieval and

placement of stent, removal of stones form PD and CBD

Gastroduodental stenting

Double balloon enteroscopy, capsule endoscopy, Differnet types of capsules

Colonoscopic Polypectomy Colonic dilatation of strictures by Balloon

Placement of Expansile stents in colo-rectum

Emergency de-rotation of colon in sigmoid volvulus

Advanced lap Surgery, Lap Liver resections etc

Therapeutic endoscopic and colonoscopic procedure- initial resustation of the patient-knowing about EVL and EST and assisting the endoscopist .assisting the endoscopist in endoscopic and colonoscopic polypectomy, APC and FB removal. Maintaining Patient Safety and Comfort in ER: Prevention of physical, electrical, chemical injuries/hazards to patient -Maintenance of interpersonal relationship, Orientation to legal & ethical issues involved in endoscopic room technique

Paper IX - Endoscopy OT administration, design, documentation, medico legal, record keeping, IT:

Organization of Hospital - Organization of Endoscopy rooms - Single and Multiple theatre units - Elective and emergency endoscopies, ambulatory surgery.

Admission & Transfer procedure; maintenance of Operative Records

Communication and health care provider - patient relationship, Methods of Effective

Communication, Attending skills, Rapport building skills, Empathy skills, Barriers to effective communication

Management, need for scientific managements, delegation, decision making Supervision -techniques

Assignments-Individual and team function

Human relations, public relations, planning of courses block

Ethical and legal issues in Operation theatre and anesthesia

REFERENCE BOOKS:

(1)     Williams PL, Warwick R, Dyson M, Bannister LH (eds) Gray's Anatomy. 36th edition Churchill Living stone, New York, 1980.

(2)     Human anatomy Regional and applied Volume - 1 - B.D Chaurasia's, 3rd CBS Publishers and distributions New Delhi, 1995.

(3)     Text book of Medical Physiology - Arthur C. Guyton, John E. Hall, 9th edition W.B.

(4)     Saunders Company U.S.A 1996.

(5)     Essentials of Medical physiology - Anil Baransinghamahapatra, 1st edition current Books international Mumbai. 1998.

(6)     Clinical Anatomy for Medical students - Richard s. Snell, 5th edition Little, Brown and

(7)     company. U.S.A 1992.

Pathology:

(1)     Fletcher: Diagnostic Histopathology of Tumours - Christopher DM Fletcher 2007 (3rd edition)

(2)     Lakhani: Basic Pathology: An Introduction to the Mechanisms of Disease - Sunil R

(3)     Lakhani, Susan A Dilly, Caroline J Finalyson and Ahmet Dogen 2003 (3rd ed),

(4)     Appleton & Lange's Review of Microbiology & Immunology - Dr William W Yotis,

(5)     Tadayo Hashimoto, Harnold J. Blumenthal - 1997.

(6)     Medical Microbiology - Michael A. P Faller, Patrick R. Murray, Ken S. Rosenthal

(1)     Practical gastrointestinal endoscopy the fundamentals - Peter B Cotton

(2)     Introduction to Operating room Technique – Kandaswami

(3)     Theatre Technique - Dixon Eileen

(4)     Fundamentals of Operation Theatre Service - T.K. Datta

(5)     SAGES manual perioperative care in minimally invasive surgery. Richard l. Whelan, James w. fleshman, Dennis L. fowler. Springer edition

 

Schedule-10

[See regulation 41(2)]

Syllabus of Diploma in E.E.G. Technology

FIRST YEAR

PAPER FIRST

(1)     Study of General Anatomy and Physiology of Human Body

 

PAPER SECOND

(1)     CLINICAL:

(A)     Seizure disorder and its differential diagnosis

(B)     (i) Normal EEG pattern in children and adult, awake and sleep.

(ii) Neonantal EEG

(iii) Normal variants

(iv) Artifacts : Eye movements, muscle pulse

(v) Activation methods: Hyperventilation, photic stimulation, sleep deprivation, others

(vi) Abnormal EEG records, definition-spike, sharp, slow waves, other abnormalities

(vii) Abnormal EEG in neurological diseases

(viii) Brain death

(2)     TECHNICAL ASPECTS:

(i)       Different parts of EEG machine and its functions, i.e. montage, electrodes, filter, calibration, sphenoidal electrode, depth electrodes.

(ii)      Electroencephalographic monitoring (in patients and ambulatory), Video Electroencephalography, Intraoperative records, Quantitative electroencephalography, Brain mapping and others (in brief).

(iii)     Electroencephalographer's reporting

(iv)    Record keeping.

 

SECOND YEAR

PAPER FIRST

(1)     NEURO-ANATOMY:

Muscle : Origin, i8nsertion, nerve supply, structure

Nerve : Course-cranial and peripheral, structure

(2)     NEURO-PHYSIOLOGY :

Muscle :

(i)       Functions of muscles

(ii)      Muscle contractions

(iii)     Electrical properties of muscles

Nurve:

(i)       Functions of nerve

(ii)      Electrical properties of nerve. Near filed potential and Far field potential

(iii)     Nerve conduction

(iv)    Neuromuscular junction and neurotransmitters

(3)     NEURO-PATHOLOGY:

Muscle : Pathological changes in muscles

(i)       Primary muscle disease

(ii)      Injury

(iii)     Metabolic

(iv)    Inflammatory

(v)      Others

(vi)    Neurogenic muscle involvement

(vii)   Neuromuscular junction abnormalities

Nurve:

(i)       Demyelination

(ii)      Axonopathy

PAPER SECOND

CLINICAL:

(1)     Nerve:

(a)      Disease affecting cranial and peripherals

(i)       Bells play

(ii)      Peripheral neuropathy

(iii)     Entrapment neuropathy

(b)      Basic principles of nerve conduction study (NCS)

(i)       Motor NCS

(ii)      Sensory NCS

(iii)     F-ware

(iv)    H-reflex

(v)      Blink reflex and others

(vi)    Repetitive nerve stimulation

(vii)   Abnormalities in disease

(viii)  Central motor conduction

(2)     Muscle:

(a)      Disease of muscle and neuromuscular junctions

(b)      Normal EMG recording-Resting/Insertional activity/Volitional recruitment pattern, Interference pattern.

(c)      Abnormal EMG -

(i)       Myopathies

(ii)      Neurogenic muscle involvement

(iii)     Involuntary muscle contractions

(iv)    Neuromuscular transmission disorder

(d)      Needle EMG - Conventional, Macro EMG, Surface EMG, Single fibre EMG

(3)     Evoked potential studies:

(i)       Visual evoked potential

(ii)      Brainstem auditory evoked potential

(iii)     Somatosensory evoked potential

(4)     Instruments:

(i)       Basic knowledge about the machines

(ii)      Electrodes

(iii)     Electrode impedance

(iv)    Identification of wave pattern

(v)      Artifacts

(vi)    Normal laboratory values

(vii)   Electromyography reporting

(viii)  Record keeping

(5)     Polysomnographic studies - Normal sleep and sleep disorder (in brief)

 

Schedule-11

[See regulation 41(2)]

Syllabus of Diploma in Cath Lab Technology

Ist year

IInd year

Ist year Examination:-

The Examination will be conducted according to the following table:

3. All written examinations shall be of three hours duration and the number of papers in each subject shall be as mentioned above.

4. IInd year Examination:

SYLLABUS

1st year

ANATOMY:

01 Basic cells and tissues

02 Heart: Pericardium, chambers, valves, conduction systems great vessels

03 Circulation: Major arteries and veins

04 Lungs and pleura, diaphragm

05 Liver, Spleen, Kidney, Brain

PHYSIOLOGY:

01 Circulatory systems

02 Autonomic nervous system

03 Action potential muscles contraction

04 Gas exchange

05 Thrombosis, platelet function

06 Renin angiotensin system

07 Kidney: Physiology

PHARMACOLOGY:

01 General Pharmacology

02 Sedatives

03 Anaesthetics agents

04 Analgesics

05 Drugs used for heart disease: Antianginal, Antiarrhythmic, anti-failure, vessopressor, vasodilators, cardiac imaging agents, anti thrombotics

PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY (Patient care & Hospital Practice):

01 Diat and Nutrition

02 Smoking

03 Exercise and heart

MICROBIOLOGY:

01 Specimen collection: Blood, urine sputum, etc.

02 Bacteria and viruses in CVS

03 Serology and immunology

SYLLABUS

IInd year

RADIOLOGY (Basic phy of radiology)

01 Principles of X-ray

02 Protection form radiation

03 Description and recognition of Chest X-Rays

04 Different yiews of chest for identification of cardiopulmonary structures

05 Ultrasonography: Principles

06 Basic of Echocardiography

ECG:

01 ECG machine: Parts

02 Technical of taking an ECG

03 Pitfalls in taking ECGs

04 Recognition of normal ECG waves

05 Abnormal ECG

DEFIBRILLATION:

01 Technique

02 Indication

03 Complications

DISEASES OF HEART:

01 Congenital

02 Rheumatic

03 Myocardial and pericardial

04 Coronary artery diseases

05 Hypertension

06 Pulmonary thromboembolism and pulmonary hypertension

07 Respiratory failure

CATHETERS AND INSTRUMENTS:

01 Arterial Blood Gases: Technique and interpretation

02 Haemodynamic monitoring Technique, recognition, indication, complications.

03 Fluid and electrolytes

04 X-ray imaging in lab

05 Intra Aortic Ballon Pulsation: Indication, Technique and complications

06 Artifician ventilation

07 Extra corporeal Membrane Oxygenator

08 afferent views of cardiac catheterization

09 fransducer, outline of C-arm, cineangio machine oxymetry

List of Books prescribed

• Invasive Cardiology: A Manual for Cath Lab Personnel - Jones & Bartlett

• Invasive Cardiology: A Manual for Cath Lab Personnel - Watson

• The Cardiac Catheterization Handbook- Morton J. Kern

• The Interventional Cardiac Catheterization Handbook- Morton J. Kern

• Complications in the Cath Lab: Risk Factors, Management and Bailout Techniques - Mauro Moscucci.

• Cardiac Catheterization in Congenital Heart Disease: Pediatric and Adult - Charles E. Mullins

 

Schedule-12

[See regulation 41(2)]

Syllabus of Diploma in Emergency and Trauma Care Technology

TEACHING AND EXAMINATION SCHEME - Ist Year

TEACHING AND EXAMINATION

SCHEME - IInd year

Course Components-First Year (Cognitive and Psychomotor)

Preparatory:

- EMT Core Train in

- EMS Systems, Roles and Responsibilities (EMT and PARAMEDIC)

-The Well-Being of the Paramedi

- Illness and Injury Prevention-Medical and Legal Issues

- Ethical Issues

- Pathophysiology

-Pharmacology

- Vascular Access and Medication Administration

-Human Development

- Patient Communication

• Airway:

- Airway Management and Ventilation Patient

• Assessment:

- Patient History

- Physical Examination-Patient Assessment

- Critical Thinking and Clinical Decision making

-Communications and Documentation Trauma:

- Trauma Systems and Mechanism of Injury-Bleeding and Shock

- Burns

- Head and Face Injuries-Spine Injuries

- Thoracic Injuries-Abdomen Injuries

- Musculo

• Skeletal

• Injuries

• Medical:

- Respiratory Emergencies

- Cardiovascular Emergencies-Neurologic Emergencies

- Endocrine Emergencies

- Gastrointestinal Emergencies

- Renal and Urologic Emergencies-Allergic Reactions

- Toxicology (Substance Abuse and Poisoning)-Hematologic Emergencies

- Environmental Emergencies

- Infectious and Communicable Disease-Behavioral Emergencies

- Gynecologic Emergencies-Obstetrics

-Clinical Rotations1

-Ambulance Simulator1

Course Components-Second Year (Cognitive and Psychomotor)

Special Considerations:

- Neonatology-Pediatrics

- Geriatrics

- Abuse, Neglect and Assault-Patients With Special Needs

- Acute Interventions for the Chronic Care Patients

Operations:

- Ambulance Operations

- Medical Incident Command

- Terrorism and Weapons of Mass Destruction-Rescue]

- Awareness and Operations

- Hazardous Materials Incidents-Crime Scene Awareness

Surgical Knots and Suturing Techniques:

- Basic Sterile Technique

- Two-Handed Square Knot

- Instrument Tie Square Knot-Suture materials

- Surgical Needles

- Suturing Methods-Suture Patterns

- Removing Sutures

Sonography Ultrasound)

- Basic Operation and Interpretation AHA Basic Life Support

AHA Advanced Cardiac Life Support

AHA Pediatric Advanced Life Support

Pre-Hospital Trauma Life Support/Combat and Tactical Medicine Concepts

CEVO-Coaching Emergency Vehicle Operator (Ambulance)

Hazardous Materials Awareness

Vehicle Extrication Concepts

Technical Rescue Awareness

ClinicalRotations2

-Ambulance Ride Along/Internship Part I and Part II

-Ambulance Simulator2

Skills proficiency assessments:

EMT/Basic Core Proficiency Skills:

Baseline Vital Signs with SAMPLE history & radio report

BVM ventilation-adult, child, infant

Oral suctioning-adult, child, infant

CPR-one rescuer with atleast 90% proficiency in ventilations/compressions Oxygen administration-NC, NRB, pulse oximetry (SpO₂ monitoring), and capnography (etCO₂ monitoring)

Bleeding/Hemorrhage management (Quik Clot and CAT)

LSB, KED, Traction Splint

Patient Assessment: Medical Assessment Trauma Assessment Airway Management Skills:

ETT-adult, pediatric (child and infant) King Airway-adult

LMA-adult

I Gel-adult and pediatric Tracheal suctioning Surgical cricothyrotomy Transport ventilator

Needle chest decompression

IV/Medication Skills:

Blood draw with vaccutainer device Blood draw with butter

fly needle Blood draw with syringe/OTN catheter

IV start-peripheral

IV medication administration-piggy back in fusion IV medication administration- 3- ways to pcock

Medication administration-subcutaneous, intramuscular, IV bolus, nebulizer

Advanced/Specialized Skills:

Sutures Ultrasound

Accident Vehicle Patient Extrication (AVET/PHTLS)

FIRSTYEAR-SUBJECTS DIVISION

SECOND YEAR- SUBJECTS DIVISION:

MANUALS/BOOKS:

"Emergency- Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured", Tenth Edition, AAOS

Emergency Medical Technician- Transition Manual, AAOS

Nancy Caroline's Emergency Care in the

Streets, AAOS, Sixth Edition Hole's Human

Anatomy & Physiology, Thirteen Edition

AHABLS for the Health care Provider

Wilderness and Rescue Medicine, Sixth Edition,

Jones &Bartlett Learning "Basic Ultrasound" by

Hylton B 'Meire and Pat Farrant

"Surgical Knots and Suturing Techniques ", F.D. Giddings, Second Edition

FIRSTYEAR-SUBJECTS DIVISION:

EMT Core Training (incl. AHABLS, CEVO, and PHTLS)

Basic Emergency Medical Technician Course based on "Emergency-Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured", Tenth Edition, AAOS

EMS Environment I

An overview of Emergency Medical Systems in the US and around the world; focusing on professionalism, responsibility, development, improvement and community involvement; and also emphasizing the ethical and legal aspects of Emergency Medical Systems including mal practice, consent, and contracts.

Human Systems &Assessment

Patienthistory, charting, and physical examination skills, with emphasis on directing, defining, and describing normal and pathological human body conditions.

Shock and Fluid Therapy

Understanding and management of the body system 'sre action to decreased cellularoxygenation. Bodyfluids, osmosis, and pathophysiology of inadequate tissue perfusion, Shock therapy and intravenous/intraoseous techniques are emphasized.

Emergency Cardiac Care

Etiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, cardiac disease processes, and assessment of patients with cardiac disorders (ACLS algorithms, skills, and techniques), with focus on the interpretation of cardiac dysrhythmia, clinical signs and symptoms of cardiac conditions, indications and administration of emergency cardiac therapy along with defibrillation, synchronized cardio version, and transcutaneous pacing skills.

Pharmacology

Clinical pharmacology, classification and use of medications. Emphasis on the proper indications, precautions, dosages, and methods/routes of administration. Includes dosage calculations, metric conversions, and infusioncal culations.

Emergency Respiratory Care

Care of patients with respiratory disorders; the etiology and pathophysiology of the respiratory system, normal respiratory function and mechanics of respirations. Assessment, pathophysiology of respiratory disease, evaluation and management of respiratory distress due to medical and trauma-related problems, with emphasis on the uses and techniques of supra-glottic, endotracheal, and surgical airways.

Traumatology

Management and treatment of traumatic injuries including of tissues, musculo skeletal structures, neurologic and CNS (Central Nervous System). Anatomy and pathophysiology, assessment, and management of traumatic injuries involving these human systems (including principles of PHTLS).

Medical Emergencies I

Recognition, management, and pathophysiology of patients with medical emergencies. This module will focus main lyondiabetic emergencies, an aphylaxis and an aphylactic shock, exposure to environmental extremes, alcoholism, poisoning, acute GI problems, genit our in any problems, and medical emergencies of the geriatric population.

Clinical Rotations I

Supervised rotations through hospital clinical areas. Emphasis on airway management, IV therapy, and patient assessment skills.

Ambulance Simulator I

Introduction to Sim-Man (mannequin) and to the ambulance simulator; basic and intermediate scenarios, working with ALS(Advanced Life Support).

SECOND YEAR-SUBJECTS DIVISION:

EMS Environment II

Guided practice with emphasis on disaster management, MCI (Multi Casualty Incidents) &triage, EMS telemetry and communications, stress management, and emergency rescue extrication techniques (applied concepts of Accident Victim Extrication Techniques and PHTLS).

Medical Emergencies II

Recognition, pathophysiology, proper implementation of protocols, and management of patients with medical emergencies. This module will include infectious disease, OB-GYN, pediatrics, and behavioral emergencies.

ACLS, PALS, AMLS, EPC, and PHTLS (Review) American Heart

Association and NAEMT Wilderness and Rescue Medicine

"Wilderness and Rescue Medicine" Jeffrey E. Isaac, PA- C and David E. Johnson, MD Sixth Edition

Assessment Based Management

Integrates the principles of assessment- based management. This module will emphasize general approach, assessment, differentials (diagnostics), and management priorities for patients commonly encountered by the paramedic.

Suture Techniques

"Surgical Knots and Suturing Techniques", F.D. Giddings, Second Edition, Giddings Studio Publishing, Fort Collins Colorado, 2002 Ultrasound (Basic) Suggested manual : "Basic Ultrasound" by Hylton B' Meire and Pat Farrant

Clinical Rotations II

Supervised rotations through clinical settings. Rotations will emphasize the Emergency Department and its correlation to the Emergency Medical Services system. Labor and Delivery, New born Nursery, and ICU/CCU.

Ambulance Internship Part I

Supervised experience in the pre-hospital care setting that will help the student develop and implement the concepts and principles of the Advanced Life Support system. The student will practice skills as a team member, at Basic and Advanced EMT level, under the direct supervision of a field preceptor

Ambulance Internship Part II

Supervised experience in the pre-hospital care (ambulance), which will allow the student to apply all principles concepts, and skills learned in the classroom, at the Paramedic level. The student will practice skills as the team leader under the direct supervision of a field preceptor.

Ambulance Simulator II

Scenario based training; ALS (Advanced Life Support) performance and leadership.

Hazardous Materials Awareness

Eight contact hours training; familiarization and identification of common chemical products/hazardous materials transported via roadway, railway, and maritimroutes; hazardous materials classification; personal protective equipment, decontamination process; Haz Mat Team; Emergency Response Guide.

Technical Rescue Awareness

8 contact hours of training; Accident Vehicle Extrication; Railroad/Train accidents; High Angle and Low Angle Rescue; Urban Search and Rescue.

Response to Terrorism

Incidents Awareness 4

contact hours training

Accident Victim

Extrication Techniques 12-16

contact hours training

CEVO-Coaching Emergency Vehicle Operator (Ambulance) 10- 12 contact hours of training

 

Schedule-13

[See regulation 41(2)]

Syllabus of Diploma in Ophthalmic Technology

DIPLOMA PART 1

DIPLOMA PART 2

TEACHING AND EXAMINATION SCHEME

For Diploma Ist Year Ophthalmic

BASIC OCULAR SCIENCE RATIONALE

This paper introduces eye as the primary organ of vision & its surrounding structures. It gives in detail the anatomy (structure) & physiology (functions) of the various parts of visual system.

CONTENTS

(1)     Anatomy of the Eye:

Orbit, its relations & vascular communications, Eyelids & its glands, Conjunctiva, Lacrimal apparatus, Extra-ocular muscles, Cornea & sclera, Iris. Ciliary body & Choroid, Lens & Vitreous, Retina & Optic nerve, Visual pathway, Circulation of the eye, Cr. Nerves, Para-sympathetic & sympathetic nerves in relation to eye, Embryology of the eye, Pituitary gland and cavernous sinus.

(2)     Physiology of The Eye:

Functions of parts of eye, structure and functions of the eyelid, functions of lacrimal apparatus and tear film dynamics, aqueous humour & intraocular pressure, pupil and pupillary reflexes, pathways, pupil abnormalities, eye movements, extra and intra-ocular muscles: functions and control, light sense & night vision, colour sense (colour vision), visual pathways & fields, visual cortex, uni-ocular & bin-ocular vision, accommodation & convergence, electro-retino-gram & adaptation, visual acuity & testing.

(3)     Ocular Microbiology:

Normal flora of eye, fungi & protozoa, bacteria (aerobic/anaerobic), viruses, Laboratory techniques. Sterilization.

(4)     Ocular Pharmacology:

General routes of drug administration & osmotic agents. Miotics. Mydriatics and Cycloplegics. Ocular Hypotensives. Local anaesthetics & Analgestcs., Sedatives and tranquilizers. General anaesthetic agents. Antiseptics. Anti-viral & Anti-fungal agents. Ocular anti-inflammatory agents., Chemo-therapeutic agents. Misc. drugs used by ophthalmologist.

Reference Books

(1)     Ophthalmic Assistant - Vol. I (Anatomy) - Dr. L.P. Agarwal.

(2)     Physiology of the eye: Arvind Eye Hospital.

Ophthalmic Instruments

RATIONALE

Ophthalmic instruments are used in diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases. These instruments are delicate and costly; require regular servicing of these equipments. This appendix presents general guidelines for the care of instruments, including special cautions to observe and techniques to employ for their handling, cleaning and maintenance.

CONTENTS

(1)     Ophthalmic Equipments & Ophthalmic Techniques

1.1 Ophthalmic equipments,

1.2 Examination of eye

1.3 Special investigations.

1.3.1 Conjunctival smear. Flourescein Staining and pH testing, colour vision.

1.3.2 Various Eye Instruments, their principles and use. refractometer Autorefractor and focimeter, Tension taking; (Schiolz/Applanation/Noncontact), Keratometry, Pachometry, Anaesthesiometry and dark adaptometry, A & B Scan, Field Examination/Charting, Ophthalmic Photography, Fundus Photography & Fundus Flourescein Angiography.

Reference Books:

Basic Optics

RATIONALE

This paper gives a basic knowledge of Optics, Lenses and the nature of refractive errors.

CONTENTS

• Physical Optics

General properties of light, Principles of Reflection of light, Principles of Refraction of light, Lenses & their combinations.

(2)     Physiological Optics

General concepts of eye as a refracting apparatus Reference Books:

(1)     Principles of optic & Refraction 6th Ed Dr. L.P. Agarwal

(2)     Theory and Practice of Squint & Orthoptics Dr. A.K. Khurana

Community Ophthalmology-I

RATIONALE

He/She is able to assist in early detection of visual impairment and control of blindness as a part of health man power development.

CONTENTS

Eye screening programme, school clinics and surveys, Blind person aid and his problems. Rehabilitation of the blind, Health education in the field of eye care, Functioning of mobile eye health care units, Causes of visual impairment and blindness.

Organising Eye Camps: Reach In & Reach Out Concept. Permission, site selection, publicity, asepsis, Operative and post-op care, follow-up. Role of authorities and local body funding.

Reference Books:

Instrumental Handling & Application

RATIONALE

The students at the end of training shall be able to render assistance to Ophthalmologists/doctors in eye institutions.

PRACTICALS

(1)     Practical As an Ophthalmic Assistant:

1.1 Initial patient contact and reception & Ethics

1.2 Office manners, Secretarial assistance, Record & their retrieval.

1.3 Ophthalmic equipments.

1.4 Examination of eye

(2)     Sterilization & Theatre:

General Aspects, Sterilization & Disinfection, Theatre Setup and preparation, Autoclaving & hot air oven, Eye instruments, Operating room equipment & supplies,

(3)     Practical Training Programme:

3.1   Reception/Record Keeping Rotational duty, Receiving patients phone calls, making appointments, making OPD/Indoor tickets, consent taking, vision (Distance/Near), history taking.

3.2 Refraction:

TEACHING AND EXAMINATION SCHEME

For Diploma IInd Year Ophthalmology

COMMON OCULAR DISORDERS

RATIONALE

This paper makes the student aware about the general concepts of disease and the processes by which diseases evolve. He/she will be able to understand the disorders that occur in various parts of the eye and & ocular adnexa. He/she learns the causes of these disorders, their effects on vision & the procedures used to treat them.

CONTENTS

Common Eye Diseases:

Diseases of Eyelids, orbit, adnexa, conjunctiva, cornea, sclera, uvea, lens, retina, injuries of eye, optic nerve. Glaucorna.

Reference Books

(1)     Ophthalmic Assistant - Vol. I (Anatomy) - Dr. L.P. Agarwal.

(2)     Physiology of the eye: Arvind Eye Hospital.

Ophthalmic Techniques

RATIONALE

This appendix presents general guidelines for the care of instruments, including special cautions to observe and techniques to employ for their handling, cleaning and maintenance.

CONTENTS

(1)     Ophthalmic Techniques

1.1 Examination of eye

1.2 Special investigations.

Conjunctival smear. Flourescein Staining and pH testing, colour vision.

(2)     Sterilization & Theatre:

General Aspects, Sterilization & Disinfection, Theatre Set-up and preparation, Autoclaving & hot air oven, Eye instruments, Operating room equipment & supplies, Surgical scrub, laying operating trolley for surgery, Pre & Post operative instructions, care and dressing.

(3)     Surgical Assistance in Operative Procedures on:

Lids, Lacrimal apparatus, Extra ocular muscles, cornea, lens, Glaucoma, Enucleation, Trauma, Retina & Vitreous, Laser applications.

Reference Books:

Refraction

RATIONALE

This paper gives a basic knowledge of the nature of refractive errors. Thus he/she will be able to understand the basic principles and elements of procedures used to discover, measure and correct refractive errors.

CONTENTS

Physiological Optics

General concepts of eye as a refracting apparatus, Cornea! and lenticular system, Optical resolution of the eye, Visual Angles, Visual Acuity & Axis, Optical Aberrations of the eye, Introduction to refractive errors (myopia, Hypermetropia, Astigmatism, Anisometropia and Anisiekonia, Accommodation, Convergence, Presbyopia, Retinoscopy, Subjective Examination, Ophthalmoscopy, Principles of Eye Procedures: Slit Limp, Tonometry, Contact lenses, LVA.

Reference Books:

(1)     Principles of optic & Refraction 6th Ed. Dr. L.P. Agarwal

(2)     Duke Elder's Practice of Refraction Abram

(3)     Theory and Practice of Squint & Orthoptics Dr. A.K. Khurana

(4)     Practical Orthoptic in Treatment of Squint Keith Lyle

Community Ophthalmology-II

RATIONALE

He/She will be able to assist in implementation of national programme for control of blindness. He/She should impart health education regarding ophthalmic disorders.

CONTENTS

(1)     Eye screening programme, school clinics and surveys, Causes of visual impairment and blindness.

Organising Eye Camps: Reach In & Reach Out Concept. Permission, site selection, publicity, asepsis, Operative and post-op care, follow-up. Role of authorities and local body funding.

(2)     Nutrition and Eye Diseases

(3)     Industrial Hazards and Their Prevention.

Industrial injuries, accidents and foreign bodies. U.V., Infrared & other radiation injuries. Thermal & chemical injuries.

Reference Books:

(1)     Ophth. Assistant Vol. V

(Community Ophth.) Dr. L.P. Agarwal

Clinical Skill Training

RATIONALE

The students at the end of training shall be able to assist in the estimation and treatment of errors of refraction and common disorders of eye. He/she shall be able to render, assistance to Ophthalmologist/doctors in eye institutions.

PRACTICALS

(1)     Practical As an Ophthalmic Assistant:

1.1 Initial patient contact and reception & Ethics

1.2 Office manners, Secretarial assistance, Record & their retrieval.

(2)     Sterilization & Theatre:

General Aspects, Sterilization & Disinfection, Theatre Setup and preparation, Autoclaving & hot air oven, Eye instruments, Operating room equipment & supplies, Surgical scrub, laying operating trolley for surgery, Pre & Post operative instructions, care and dressing.

(3)     Surgical Assistance in Operative Procedures on:

Lids, Lacrimal apparatus, Extra ocular Muscles, Cornea, Lens, Glaucoma, Enucleation/Eye Banking, Trauma, Retina & Vitreous, Laser applications.

(4)     Practical Training Programme:

4.1    Reception/Record Keeping Rotational duty, Receiving patients phone calls, making appointments, making OPD/Indoor tickets, consent taking, vision (Distance/Near), history taking.

4.2 Refraction:

 

 

• Eye OPD:

 

Schedule-14

[See regulation 41(2)]

Syllabus of Diploma in Perfusion Technology

FIRST YEAR

PAPER-I

Section-A- Brief and General Knowledge about

(1)     General Human Anatomy & Physiology

(2)     Anatomy of Heart Lung Blood Vessel, Kidney, liver, Nervous system, Endocrine system, circulation, Physics, factors endolgy, blood supply of visual organs.

(3)     Heart as Pump & Cardiac cycle

(4)     Blood, its components and Haemostatic

(5)     Pharmacology of commonly used medicine e.g. Inotropes, antiarrythmics

(6)     Conduction system of the Heart.

(7)     Excretory function and Acid Base Balance (Electrolyte balance)

PAPER-II

(1)     Heart blocks and Pacemaker

(2)     Respiration, Gas Exchange & Diffusion

(3)     E.C.G and Defibrillation

(4)     Rheumatic heart disease pathology and surgery

(5)     Ischemic heart disease -(Pathology and Surgical Management)

(6)     Acyanotic Congenital Heart Disease-(Pathology and Surgery)

(7)     Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease-(Pathology and Surgery)

(8)     Method of Sterilization -Definitions, Types, Methods, Central Sterilization

(9)     Asepsis and Theatre techniques

(10)   Liver function tests.

(11)   Endocrine system, catecho lamine, adrano cotical Hormones

SECOND YEAR

PAPER-I

(1)     Types of Oxygenators and some common Oxygenators.

(2)     Heat Exchangers, Filters and Resevoirs

(3)     Aortic and Arterial Cannuae.

(4)     Venous Cannulae and techniques.

(5)     Priming fluids, PCV

(6)     Calculation of BSA, Circulating PCV, SVR.

(7)     Myocardial preservation+Cardioplegia

(8)     Safety devices

(9)     Complication during CPB+management

(10)   Blood conservation + Perfusion

(11)   Oxygen Preservation, ECMO

PAPER-II

(1)     Technique of Cardiopulmonary Bypass

(2)     Cardioplegia, additives & techniques.

(3)     Hypothermia, Circulatory arrest and Homeostatics Management.

(4)     Body reponse of extracorporeal circulation and complication of C.P.B.

(5)     Ultra filtration during Cardiopulmonary Bypass.

(6)     Emergency during Cardiopulmonary Bypass.

(7)     Perfusion Technology for Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery

(8)     Perfusion for aortic surgery.

(9)     Comlication during CPB+ Management.

DIPLOMA IN PERFUSION TECHNOLOGY PRACTICAL

Maximum Marks-100

Minimum Marks-50

Division of Marks

Log Books of cases

Syllabus for practical Cardio Thoracic Perfusionist

(1)     Handling of sterile components/Maintenance of sterile environment in OT

(2)     Priming of circuit

(3)     Assembly of circuit

(4)     Leakage detection

(5)     Air bubble removal

(6)     Roller pump calibration

(7)     Wet runs

(8)     Monitoring parameters

(9)     sampling and data recording

(10)   Drug management during cardiopulmonary Bypass

(11)   Equipment maintenance

(12)   Coordination with Surgeon and Anesthetist

(13)   Technique of Cardiopulmonary By pass

(14)   Blood Gas Analyzer

(15)   Ventilation and Termination of CPB

(16)   Cardiac Support- IABP, Pacemaker, degibrillator, Infusion Pump, Central monitor, ECG machine

(17)   Sterilization and disinfection of Operation Theatre, ICU, Instruments.

(18)   Positioning of patients in various operations

(19)   Preparation of instruments on trolley for Cardio thoracic Surgery operations.

• a) Cardiac Surgery

• b) Thoracic Surgery

• c) Vasuclar Surgery

(20)   In order of eligible candidate should

(21)   Machines used in Cardio thoracic Operation Theatre- Their uses and maintenance

(a)      Monitor

(b)      Operation Table

(c)      Electro Surgical Unit (Cautery)

(d)      Operation Lights

(e)      Bronchoscope

(f)       Esophagoscope

(g)      TEE

(h)     Fiber optic scopes

(i)       Sterilizers

 

"Schedule-15

Charges and Fees

[See regulation 45, 47, 52 & 54]

Various charge and fees:-

 

Schedule-16

[See regulation 53(1)(E)]

Equipments required for Diploma in Medical Laboratory Technology

Charts: Models showing regions/parts of human body.

2 sets of Histological slides and which are mentioned in the syllabus.

 

Schedule-17

[See regulation 53(1)(E)]

Equipments required for Diploma in Radiation Technology

Mobile X-Ray machine - one

Fixed 500 MA X-Ray machine - one

Fixed 300 MA X-Ray machine - one

CR/DR system - one

Cassettes and Hangers in adequate number

Automatic file processor

Ultrasound Machine

CT Scan Machine will recording system

 

Schedule-18

[See regulation 53(1)(E)]

Equipments required for Diploma in Dental Mechanics Technology

(1)     Mean value articulators

(2)     Semi-adjustable articulators

(3)     Dental flasks with clamps

(4)     Acrylisers

(5)     Vacuum – mixer

(6)     Vibrator

(7)     Cast -drying oven

(8)     Centre grinder/palatal trimmer

(9)     Lab hand piece with micro motor

(10)   Hanging motors

(11)   High speed lathe

(12)   Casting machine with crucible

(13)   Casting furnace

(14)   Casting rings

(15)   Sandblaster

(16)   Model trimmer

(17)   Electrolytic polishing unit

(18)   Micro motors

(19)   Agar conditioner and duplicating flasks

(20)   Surveyors

(21)   Ceramic firing unit

(22)   Pindex die pin attaching unit

(23)   Die cutting unit

(24)   Denture finishing kit

(25)   Metal finishing kit

(26)   Ceramic restoration finishing kit

(27)   Dental Chair

 

Schedule-19

[See regulation 53(1)(E)]

Equipments required for Dental Hygiene Technology

A Laboratory/Dental Clinic/Dental Workshop well equipped with Dental Equipments, instruments and Materials used during the course of the study with adequate Patient inflow

 

Schedule-20

[See regulation 53(1)(E)]

Equipments required for Diploma in Operation Theater Technology

 

Schedule-21

[See regulation 53(1)(E)]

Equipments required for Diploma in Dialysis Technology

A dialysis unit consisting of a hall to accommodate the 5 HD machines and the following:

 

 

 

Schedule-22

[See regulation 53(1)(E)]

Equipments required for Diploma in Orthopedic Technology

(1)     Plaster Cutter

(2)     fracture table

(3)     P.O.P. – Plaster

(4)     P.O.P. Bandage

(5)     Fibre Caste

(6)     Plaster Technique Manual

(7)     Plaster Spreader

(8)     Steel Bowel

(9)     Plaster Bowel Stand

(10)   View Box

(11)   X-Ray Machine/C Arm

 

Schedule-23

[See regulation 53(1)(E)]

Equipments required Diploma in E.C.G. Technology

ECG machines complete with leads - 2

Cardiac defibrillator

Pulse Monitor

Helter ECG, TMT

 

Schedule-24

[See regulation 53(1)(E)]

Equipments required Diploma in Blood Bank Technology

 

Schedule-25

[See regulation 53(1)(E)]

Equipments required Diploma in Endoscopy Technology

Well equipped operation theater

gastroduodenoscope,

colonoscope,

bronchoscope, drugs used in these procedures, accessories for various procedures like biopsy forceps, bending instruments , dilators etc.

Emergency tray with all medicine and primary emergency equipment.

Oxygen Cylinder

cautary machine to prevent massive bleeding from any vessel.

C arm IITV

 

Schedule-26

[See regulation 53(1)(E)]

Equipments required Diploma in E.E.G. Technology

 

Schedule-27

[See regulation 53(1)(E)]

Equipments required Diploma in Cath lab Technology

Cath lab machine complete with all accessories installed as per BARC norms in A.C. room.

 

Schedule-28

[See regulation 53(1)(E)]

Equipments required Diploma in Emergency & Trauma Care Technology

 

Schedule-29

[See regulation 53(1)(E)]

Equipments required for Diploma In Opthalmic Technology

 

Schedule-30

[See regulation 53(1)(E)]

Equipments required Diploma in Perfusion Technology

Heart lung machine complete with all accessories."