[1][THE KERALA STATE HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION (PROCEDURE) REGULATIONS, 2001 In exercise of the powers conferred by section
10(2) read with section 29 of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 (Central
Act 10 of 1994) the Kerala State Human Rights Commission hereby makes the
following regulations, namely:- (a) These regulations may be called the Kerala State Human Rights Commission
(Procedure) Regulations, 2001. (b) They shall come into force at once. (1) In these regulations unless the context otherwise requires,- (a) "Act" means the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. (b) "Chairperson" means the Chairperson of the (Central Act 10 of
1994) Commission. (c) "Code" means the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908; (d) "Commission" means the Kerala State Human Rights Commission; (e) "Complaint" means all petitions or communications received by
the Commission from a victim or any other person on his behalf in person or by
post or by telegram or by fax or by any other means whatsoever alleging
violation of human rights or abetment thereof or negligence in the prevention
of such violation by a public servant of all or any of the human rights defined
in clause (d) of sub-section (1) of section 2 read with sub-section (5) of
section 21 of the Act; (f) "Criminal Procedure Code" means the Code of Criminal
Procedure, 1973; (g) "Chief Investigation Officer" means the person designated as
the Chief Investigation Officer of the investigation team of the Commission; (h) "Division" means and includes different sections of the
Administration Division, Law Division, Investigation Division, Research
Division and such other Divisions in the Commission as may be constituted by
the Chairperson; (i) "Division Bench" means a Bench consisting of two members of
the Commission or a Bench consisting of the Chairperson and one member as may
be constituted by the Chairperson; (j) "Form" means a form appended to these Regulations. (k) "Full Bench" means a Bench consisting of the Chairperson and
two members of the Commission as may be constituted by the Chairperson; (l) "Government" means the Government of Kerala; (m) "Indian Penal Code" means the Indian Penal Code, 1860; (n) "Member" means a member of the Commission and includes the
Chairperson; (o) "Registrar" means the Registrar of the Commission; (p) "Regulations" means Regulations framed by the Commission; (q) "Rules" means the Kerala State Human Rights Commission Rules,
1998; (r) "Secretary" means the Secretary of the Commission; (s) "Single Bench" means a Bench consisting of the Chairperson or
one member of the Commission, as may be constituted by the Chairperson; (t) "Zone" means and includes division of the State made by the
Commission for administrative and functional convenience. (2) The words and expressions not defined in these Regulations but defined
in the Act or Rules shall have the same meaning respectively assigned to them
in the Act or Rules. CHAPTER II :
SITTINGS OF THE COMMISSION The Commission shall ordinarily hold its meetings
and sittings at the headquarters during the first and last week of every month.
However, the Commission may at the discretion of the Chairperson hold its
meetings and sittings at any other place in the State. The Commission may hold Camp Sittings at District
Headquarters and at such other places in the State taking into consideration
the exigencies of individual cases and in the interest of the general public. The Chairperson may, of his own accord or as
required by any member of the Commission, order special meetings of the Commission
to be convened at any convenient place, to consider any specific matter of
urgency. There shall be three zones in the State for
facilitating the functioning of the Commission, as indicated below; Northern Zone- The districts of Kasargod, Kannur,
Kozhikode Malappuram, Palakkad and Wayanad. Central Zone- The districts of Trissur, Ernakulam,
Kottayam and Idukki. Southern Zone- The districts of Alappuzha. Kollam,
Pathanamthitta and Thiruvananthapuram. One member as authorized by the Commission shall be
in charge of a zone. However, the Chairperson may, taking into consideration
the administrative and functional convenience reallocate a particular
district/districts already placed under one member to another. The Secretary and other officer/officers of the
Commission, if so required by the Chairperson shall attend the meetings of the
Commission. The working hours of the office shall be from 10.00
a.m. to 1.00 p.m. in the Fore-noon session and from 2.00 p.m. to 5.00 p.m. in
the After-noon session or such other hours as notified by the Commission from
time to time. The Commission shall ordinarily sit from 11.00 a.m.
to 5.p.m. with an interval not exceeding one hour. The Secretary shall, in consultation with the
Chairperson or, in the absence of the Chairperson in consultation with such
member as designated by the Chairperson on that behalf, prepare the agenda for
each meeting of the Commission and shall cause comprehensive notes to be
prepared on each item on the agenda. The agenda and the notes thereon shall be
made available to the Chairperson and Members sufficiently in advance, and in
any case, before three clear days from the date of the proposed meeting. The
Commission may, however, take up for deliberation any matter which is not
included in the agenda for the meeting. (a) The minutes of each meeting of the Commission shall be recorded during
the meeting itself or immediately thereafter by the Secretary or any other
officer as directed. Such minutes shall be submitted to the Chairperson and the
Members for approval at the earliest and in any case, three clear days before
the commencement of the next meeting. The Secretary shall pursue follow up
actions without delay. (b) The minutes shall include the decisions of the Commission on the matters
considered by it at the meeting. Dissenting opinions, if any, shall also be
included in the minutes. (c) In the event of dissenting opinion being expressed at a meeting on any
matter under consideration, the decision of the majority shall prevail. A copy of the minutes of every meeting of the
Commission duly approved by the Chairperson shall be kept by the Secretary.
Relevant extracts from the minutes shall be taken and follow up action pursued
by the office. The Secretary shall place a report on the action
taken on the decisions at previous meetings, indicating therein the present
stage of action on each item except those on which no further action is called
for. Complaints may be made to the Commission in
Malayalam or in English or in any of the language included in the 8th Schedule
to the Constitution of India. However, when complaints are made in any language
other than in Malayalam or in English, translated version of the complaints
either in Malayalam or in English shall also be furnished. (i) Every complaint should disclose a complete picture of the matter
complained of and disclose the name and address of the respondent. The
Commission may, if it considers necessary,- (a) call for further relevant information from the complainant; (b) direct the complainant to file affidavit/s in support of the complaint; (c) obtain sworn statements of the complainant; and (d) take statement of the complainant by issuing Commission for that purpose
or by any other means considered necessary. (ii) No foe shall be chargeable on complaints/interlocutory applications. The Commission may dismiss inlimine complaints of
the following nature: (a) Illegible; (b) vague, anonymous or pseudonymous; (c) trivial or frivolous; (d) barred under sub-section (1) or (2) of section 36 of the Act; (e) allegations do not disclose involvement of any public servant; (f) issue raised relates to civil disputes, service matters, labor or
industrial dispute; (g) allegations do not raise any violation of human rights; (h) If the mater raised is subjudice before a Court or Tribunal; (i) the matter is covered by a Judicial verdict/decision of the National
Commission or a State Commission; (j) Where the complaint is only a copy of the petition addressed to some
other authority; (k) Where the petition is not signed or where the original petition is not
sent to the Commission: (l) Where the matter raised is outside the purview of the Commission or on
any other ground. CHAPTER III :
RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENT OF TAPAL Tapal (by whatsoever mode received) addressed to
the Commission, its Chairman, Members or Officers of the Commission either by
name or by designation shall be received by the designated official in the
office of the Commission. Note:- Those communications which are addressed by
name to the Chairperson, Members and other officers of the Commission shall be
noted in separate Transit' Registers and delivered forthwith to the designated
official and acknowledgement of receipt obtained in the Register. Unless otherwise directed, petitions/Communications
received by the Chairperson, Members and other Officers of the Commission when
marked to each division shall be dealt with as provided in this Chapter. The Tapal shall be opened in the presence of the
Section Officer in charge of the Receipt and Despatch Section who shall get the
same sorted out section wise and diarised in a register containing particulars,
such as date of receipt, diary No., sender's name and address etc., and transmitted
under acknowledgement to the concerned petition sections and to the respective
heads of the other divisions. Separate Transmission Registers shall be
maintained for each section in the Law Division as well as in other divisions. The designated official shall submit the tapal to.
the Section Officer in charge of the Administrative division who shall get the
Tapal sorted out division wise. There shall be a Tapal Register maintained for
each division. After the tapal is sorted division wise each item in the tapal
shall be numbered consecutively with the number being duplicated in the Tapal
Register also. Particulars such as date of receipt, sender's name and address
outside number, if any, tapal number assigned etc., shall be recorded in an
"Inward Register" maintained by the designated official. The tapal
shall then be delivered with the tapal register to the division concerned. The
Section Officer/Officer-in-charge of the division shall allot the tapal in
accordance with the approved distribution of work and the receipt of tapal got
acknowledged in the tapal register by the Assistants/officials concerned. Each
Assistant in the divisions shall maintain a Personal Register in which the
currents received by the Assistant shall be registered. The papers received by tapal or otherwise in the
office shall broadly fall under 3 categories, namely:- (1) those relating to complaints regarding violation of human rights; (2) those relating to administrative matters: and (3) those relating to miscellaneous matters. (a) Immediately on receipt of tapal relating to complaints regarding
violation of human rights, the Section Officer in the Administrative Division
shall forward the same to the Court Officer/Section Officer who shall sort out
the new complaints, register them in the Human Rights Miscellaneous
Petition-Register maintained in the section and allot them to the Assistants
concerned in accordance with the distribution of work. The Assistant, shall
submit each H.R.M. Petition after appending Form No.1 duly filled in to the
Registrar and the Registrar shall place the case file before the Member
concerned/Chairman as the case may be, in accordance with the directions issued
under clause 8 of these Regulations. (b) Complaints and other communications relating to violation of human
rights requiring urgent attention shall, however, be placed by the Court
Officer/Section Officer before the Registrar who shall cause it to be placed
immediately before the Member available for appropriate orders. If a petition/complaint is dismissed inlimine by the
Commission, the matter shall be treated as closed. In such cases an intimation
regarding the fact of disposal will be given to the petitioner/complainant if
it is so ordered by the Commission. Where the Commission finds that a complaint is not
entertainable by it, but that it requires action by an authority other than the
Commission, it shall be forwarded to that authority on the orders of the
Commission. Subject-wise classification of the complaint shall
be made as per the list in Appendix II of these Regulations which may be
modified or amended from time to time as per the orders of the Chairperson. (a) A common register called the Human Rights Petition Register shall be
maintained by the Court Officer/Section Officer. Every complaint/petition
received in the section shall be entered in the Register in the order in which
it is received in the tapal. Particulars such as, the current number, date of
receipt, the nature of the complaint/petition, name of the
complainant/petitioner, the date of occurrence, name of the District in which
the alleged violation has occurred, name of the respondent, if any, etc., shall
be recorded in the register. (b) File cover shall be got printed in form No. 2. Records relating to each
complaint shall be kept in a separate file cover, arranging them
chronologically in the following order: (i) Index in Form No. 3 (ii) Order sheet in Form No. 4 (iii) Brief particulars of the Complaint (iv) Complaint/petition with Annexures if any. (c) The Assistant concerned shall, after arranging the file in the manner
prescribed in clause (b) above, submit it to the Registrar for placing before
the Commission. (d) All complaints newly registered shall be placed before the Bench
concerned for preliminary consideration as expeditiously as possible but not
later than 15 days from the date of its receipt. (e) Complaints requiring urgent consideration shall be placed before the
Commission as far as possible within 24 hours of its receipt. (a) The Bench concerned upon deciding to entertain a complaint falling under
section 12 (a) of the Act, may direct whether the matter should be set down for
inquiry by the Commission or be investigated by some other agency. (b) In the case of complaints which are not dismissed inlimine and decision
is taken by the Bench concerned to hold an enquiry or investigation, the
Registrar shall call for such reports from the Government or any other
authority or organization subordinate there to as may be directed by the Commission.
The time within which reports should be furnished to the Commission shall also
be specified as enjoined under section 17 (1) of the Act when the reports are
called for. (c) Where an investigation is undertaken by the Commission's investigation
team or by any officer or investigation agency of the Government as enjoined
under Section 14 of the Act, the report of investigation shall be furnished to
the Commission within 10 days of the completion of the investigation unless
further time has been allowed by the Commission. The Commission may direct
further investigation on any other ground if found necessary. The Commission as a whole or Members
individually/collectively may undertake visits to any place in the State for an
on the spot study of facts relating to matters enumerated under Section 12 (C)
of the Act and when such visits are made a report thereon shall be prepared and
kept as record. (a) Subject to such general or special orders as may be issued by the
Chairperson, all complaints shall be dealt with by a Single Bench of the
Commission. If, however, the Bench dealing with a particular complaint, having
due regard to the nature of the issue involved is of the opinion that the case
should be considered by a Division Bench/ Full Bench; the Single Bench may
refer the case to the Chairperson who may constitute a Division Bench or Full
Bench, as the case may be, and refer the case to the Bench so constituted. (b) When a ease is referred to a Division Bench/Full Bench the Court
Officer/Section Officer concerned shall have the requisite number of copies of
the case file prepared for the use of all the Members in the Bench. (a) The Section Officer in charge of the Administrative Division shall
without delay allot papers relating to administrative matters and miscellaneous
matters to the Assistants in the Administration division in accordance with the
allotment of work. (b) The Administration Division shall put up the papers with brief notes
thereon regarding their nature of action required thereon etc., to the Chief
Executive Officer who shall present the papers to the Commission, with his
notes, for orders. (c) The Chief Executive Officer shall not take any decision on any financial
matter placed before him without the concurrence of either the Chairman or the
majority of the Members of the Commission. Any matter involving financial
commitment must have the prior approval of the Commission. CHAPTER IV :
PREPARATION OF CAUSE LIST, SUMMONS, EXAMINATION OF WITNESSES AND REPORT Cause list shall be prepared listing the cases
under the following heads:- (a) Preliminary inquiry: (i) Petition's the entertainability of which is under consideration; (ii) petitions relating to which the need for a preliminary inquiry or an
investigation either by the Commission's investigation team or by any other
agency is to be considered. (b) Inquiry.- All cases in which investigation or preliminary inquiry has
been completed and orders have been passed admitting it to the file for
recording evidence of the parties and to hear their arguments shall be included
in this category. (c) Final orders.- Cases in which recording of evidence and hearing of the
parties have been completed. (d) Follow up action.- Cases in which orders have been passed after inquiry
requesting the Government or other authorities to offer their comments and
particulars regarding the action taken by them consequent thereto. (e) Restoration Application.- Cases dismissed for default in which
applications have been filed within 30 days of the date of dismissal. (f) Review application.- For review application the procedure contemplated
under Order 47 of the Code will apply. (a) Cause list of each Bench shall be prepared in accordance with the
allocation of districts among the Members of the Commission made under clause 8
of these Regulations. (b) The cause list and the flies relating to the cases listed therein shall
be submitted to the Bench concerned two days prior to the date appointed for
hearing. (c) The Bench shall indicate the case/cases to be posted for each day and
the cause list shall be prepared accordingly. (a) If a complaint after consideration is dismissed the said order shall be
communicated to the complainant if so specifically ordered by the Bench
concerned and the case shall then be treated as closed. (b) If, on consideration of complaint or after taking cognizance of a matter
suo motu, the commission orders issue of a notice to the State Government or to
any authority or organization subordinate thereto, a notice in Form No.5 signed
by the Registrar shall be issued to the State
Government/authority/organization. Such notice shall be accompanied by a copy
of the complaint or a description of the matter suo motu taken cognizance of. (c) If no time is fixed by the Commission for return of the
notice/furnishing of the information/report, the time shall be thirty days from
the date of service of the notice. (d) If the information or report called for under clause (b) above is not
received within the time allowed, or if it is received late, or if the
information/report received is not complete in any respect, the case shall be
submitted to the Bench for further orders/directions. (a) Ordinarily short orders of the Commission shall be recorded in the order
sheet. Orders which are lengthy shall be recorded on separate sheet and
appended to the order sheet or kept separately. The Bench concerned shall make
necessary entry in the relevant column of the order sheet mentioning the page
number, date of order etc. (b) In cases where urgent action is required to be taken pursuant to the
order/proceeding issued by the Commission, the Bench Assistant concerned shall
forthwith send the file to the Registrar. The Registrar shall then give
suitable instructions with regard to the mode of communication i.e. by
Telephone/Fax/Speed Post/Telegram etc. and transmit records. District-wise Register in Form No.6 shall be
maintained regarding all complaints/petitions received in the Commission as
well as suo motu cases initiated by the Commission. (a) on receipt of the information/report called for, a note shall be
prepared or caused to be prepared by the Bench Assistant and shall be placed
before the Bench concerned for final disposal. (b) When the Bench concerned upon consideration of the information/ report
dispose of the case without any recommendation, the case shall be treated as
closed. (a) The summons to be issued by the Commission shall be for the following
purposes, namely:- (i) to afford the complainant/respondent or any other person on their behalf
a personal hearing; (ii) to hear any other person who in the opinion of the commission should be
heard for appropriate disposal of the matter placed before the Commission; (iii) to cause production of records required by the commission; (iv) to call upon any individual to appear before the commission to be
examined as a witness; (v) to secure the presence of any person whose conduct/action is inquired
into by it; (vi) to afford an opportunity of being heard, to the person against whom
allegations are made or whose reputation is, in the opinion of the Commission,
likely to be prejudicially affected by the order to be passed by it. (b) Summons to the persons referred to under this Regulation shall be in
Form No. 7 (c) Summons issued by the Commission shall ordinarily be signed by the
Registrar. (d) The words 'By Order' of the Commission shall invariably be prefixed to
the signature of the Registrar in such cases, (e) Summons to official witnesses shall be through their immediate Superior
Officers or the Head of the Officer, as the case may be. (f) The cases in which summons has been issued for personal appearance shall
be placed before the Commission sufficiently in advance or at the latest one
day prior to the date noted in the summons for such personal appearance. (a) Whenever the Commission orders investigation to be undertaken by its
Investigation Team or by any other investigating agency as decided by it under
Section 14 of the Act, a copy of such order along with copies of the papers
relevant thereto shall be furnished forthwith to such team/agency calling upon
it to conduct investigation and the said team/agency shall submit its report
within the time specified in the order and if no time is specified, within one
month from the date of receipt of the order. (b) If no such report is received within the time allowed, the matter shall
be placed before the Bench without delay for further directions. (a) Subject to the provisions of the Oath Act, 1969 (Central Act 44 of 1969)
every witness shall take an oath or make a solemn affirmation before he is
examined. (b) The oath of the witness shall be administered openly by the Commission
holding Single Bench/Division Bench/Full Bench sitting or by such other officer
empowered by the Commission. (1) The following shall be the Form of Oath to be administered to the
witnesses: "I do swear in the name of God that what I shall state shall be
the Truth, the Whole Truth and nothing but the Truth". (2) Oath shall be in the form of solemn affirmation also. In that event it
shall be in the following form: "I do solemnly affirm that what I shall state
be the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth". (a) Deposition of witnesses shall be in Form No. 8. (b) After the deposition has been read over to the witness the last page
thereof shall be signed in full by him/her. The Commission shall initial every
page of the deposition. A certification in the following Form shall be appended
to the deposition and the Presiding Member of the Commission shall affix
his/her signature thereto over his/her name, namely, "Taken down by
me/before me in open sitting, read over to the witness and admitted by him/her
to be correct". Where the Commission proposes to proceed with the
complaint, it may cause summons to be issued to the petitioner/petitioners and
the respondent/ respondents either to appear before it and adduce oral evidence
or to submit affidavit in support of the petition or in rebuttal thereof; as
the case may be, unless otherwise directed. (a) The petitioner's evidence shall be taken up, if necessary, by examining
the sole petitioner or petitioner No. 1 or any of the petitioners where there
are more than one petitioner, as PW 1 and the documents produced on his/her
behalf shall be marked serially as Exhibits P1. P2. P3 etc. (b) Other witnesses on the side of the petitioner/petitioners shall be
examined as PW2, PW3 etc. (c) (i) The evidence of the respondent/respondents shall then be taken up by
examining if necessary the sole respondent or respondent No. 1 or any of the
respondents as RW. 1 and documents produced on his/ her behalf shall be marked
serially as Exhibits R1, R2, R3 etc. (ii) Other witnesses on the side of the
respondent/respondents shall be examined as RW2, RW3 etc. (d) The Bench may, in its discretion, examine as witness any person other
than the petitioner/petitioners, respondent/respondents and persons cited by
them as witnesses and the persons so examined shall be CW1, CW2 etc. in the
order in which they are examined and the documents produced by them shall be
marked as Exhibit C1, Ext. C2 etc. (e) Nothing mentioned in this Regulation shall be regarded as a bar for the
Bench in examining first the petitioner/petitioners, the respondent/
respondents or witnesses, as the case may be. (f) The petitioner/petitioners and respondent/respondents shall be at
liberty to cross-examine or refrain from cross-examining the witnesses produced
by other parties. (g) Parties may engage their own pleader in the proceedings before the
Commission. Where a Vakalath is filed by the pleader, it shall be affixed with
court fee stamp for Rs. 2 and Advocate's Welfare Fund stamp for Rs. 10. (h) Every affidavit shall be drawn up in the first person and shall be
divided into paragraphs numbered consecutively. Each paragraph, as nearly as
may be, shall contain a distinct portion of the subject matter. The affidavit
shall also state the full name, age, description and abode of the deponent and
shall be signed in full or be marked with his thumb impression. (i) After the close of inquiry a formal order culminating in the disposal of
the complaint shall be pronounced by the Bench after giving both the
petitioner/petitioners and the respondent/respondents and opportunity of being
heard. (j) A copy of such order shall be furnished to the petitioner/respondent
free of cost if so ordered by the Bench. Forms prescribed by these regulations shall be used
for the respective purposes therein mentioned with such variations as the
particular circumstances of each case may require. In cases where the enquiry results in any
recommendation to the Government or any other authority or organization
subordinate thereto a copy of the report thereon shall be forwarded to the
Government or the authority or organization subordinate thereto as the case may
be, within 20 days from the date of the order and the Government or authority
shall be required to forward its comments on the report, including the action
taken or proposed to be taken thereon to the Commission within a period of one
month of such further time as the Commission may allow. (a) Any person who desires to obtain a copy of any proceeding or document
filed in or in the custody of the Commission may present an application
therefor setting out the name of the applicant, his position in the proceeding
or the way in which he is interested in the proceeding and the description of
the document of which the copy is required. (b) Copies may be granted only under orders of the Bench concerned and on
payment of the actual cost for taking such copies. When orders are passed by the Commission after
inquiry under Section 17 of the Act the Registrar shall cause to: (a) Prepare a list of such cases in which orders are passed. A note shall be
put below the list to the effect that copy of the enquiry report etc. referred
to in sub-section (6) of section 18 of the Act are available for perusal in the
office of the Commission; (b) publish the list so prepared on the notice board of the Commission on
the first working day of every month; (c) make available to the library of Commission two sets of documents
referred to in sub-section (6) of Section 18 of the Act and the further order,
if any, passed by the Commission in each case; (d) send simultaneously free of cost a copy each of the documents referred
to in clause (c) above to the complainant or to his representative; (e) keep the original order in each case permanently in the record section
of the office along with the order sheet. Miscellaneous Unless otherwise directed, all communications from
the Commission shall be sent by ordinary post. Records of all cases finally disposed of shall be
transmitted to the Section Officer of the Petition Section who will be in
charge of the records. He shall make necessary entries in the register in form
No.9 (a) Unless otherwise generally or specially ordered by the Chairperson, the
entire records, other than those mentioned in clause (e) of regulation 49 of
each case shall be destroyed. (i) alter a period of one year from the date of disposal where cases have
been closed or dismissed; (ii) after a period of two years from the date of the order concluding the
proceedings where recommendations have been made by the Commission and
follows-up action on the recommendation concluded. (b) Records relating to all other matters shall be dealt with under the
relevant provisions of Chapter XIII of the Manual of Office Procedure. The Register shall cause to prepare such weekly,
monthly, quarterly, half-yearly or yearly statements/returns/reports in such
form as may be prescribed by the Commission from time to time. The Registrar shall review periodically the
allocation of works in the petition section to ensure equitable distribution of
work in each division of that section. (a) The Commission shall furnish its annual report for the period commencing
from 1st April of every year to the 31st of March of the succeeding year to the
State Government as provided in Section 28 (1) of the Act. (b) A draft of the report shall be prepared in the petition section before
the 31st March every year and be presented before the Commission for approval.
The original report shall be signed by the Chairperson and Members of the
Commission and appropriately preserved and three copies of the report duly
authenticated shall be sent to the State Government by the end of April every
year. The Commission may furnish such special reports on
specific matters as may be considered necessary in terms of section 28 (1) of
the Act. The office of the Commission shall be responsible
for the printing of the annual report with utmost expedition and in any case
not later than one month of the finalization of the report. All circulars and instructions issued before the
commencement of these regulations shall to the extent to which they are
inconsistent with these regulations stand repealed by these regulations.THE KERALA STATE HUMAN RIGHTS
COMMISSION (PROCEDURE) REGULATIONS, 2001
PREAMBLE