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JAINTIA HILLS AUTONOMOUS DISTRICT (ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE) RULES, 2016

JAINTIA HILLS AUTONOMOUS DISTRICT (ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE) RULES, 2016

JAINTIA HILLS AUTONOMOUS DISTRICT (ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE) RULES, 2016

PREAMBLE

In exercise of the powers conferred under Sub-paragraph 4 of paragraph 4 of the Sixth Schedule to the Constitution of India, the Jaintia Hills Autonomous District Council with previous approval of the Governor of Meghalaya is pleased to make the following Rules, namely:-

CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY

Rule - 1. Short title, extent and commencement.

(1)     These rules may be called the Jaintia Hills Autonomous District (Administration of Justice) Rules, 2016.

(2)     These rules shall apply to the whole of Jaintia Hills Autonomous District.

(3)     They shall come into force from the date of publication in the Gazette.

Rule - 2. Definitions.

(1)     In these Rules, unless there is anything repugnant or the context otherwise requires.-

(a)      "Adult" means a person belonging to a Schedule Tribe who is not less than eighteen years of age.

(b)      "Autonomous District" means a Tribal Area deemed as such under paragraph 1 (1) of the Sixth schedule to the Constitution of India.

(c)      "Constitution" means the Constitution of India.

(d)      "Court" means and refers to Court constituted under the provisions of these Rules.

(e)      "District" means the Civil District created by the State Government.

(f)       "District Council" means the Jaintia Hills Autonomous District Council.

(g)      "Elaka" means the traditional province and include Sirdarship specified in Appendix - I or any other Elaka as may be created and declared by the District Council under the law.

(h)     "Executive Committee" means the Executive Committee of the Jaintia Hills Autonomous District Council and the terms "Chief Executive Member", "Deputy Chief Executive Member" and "Executive Member of the Executive Committee" shall be construed accordingly.

(i)       "Gazette" means the Gazette of Meghalaya.

(j)       "Governor" means the Governor of Meghalaya.

(k)      "High Court" means The High Court of Meghalaya.

(l)       "Scheduled Tribes" means such a tribe or tribes as are specified by order of the President of India under Article 342 (1) of the Constitution as modified by law made by Parliament from time to time in so far as the specification pertains to the Autonomous Districts of Meghalaya.

(m)    "Village" means a recognized inhabited area within the jurisdiction of the Elaka.

(n)     "Recognised" means recognized by the District Council.

(2)     Any expression not defined in these Rules but occurring therein, shall be deemed to have the same meaning in which they are used in the Constitution, or in the Indian Penal Code 1860, the Criminal Procedure Code 1973 or the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, as amended upto date as the case may be, in so far as they are consistent with the circumstances of the particular case or cases.

Rule - 3. Interpretation.

Except where the context otherwise requires, the General Clauses Act, 1897 and the Meghalaya Interpretation and General Clauses Act, 1972 shall apply for the interpretation of these rules as they apply for the interpretation of an Act of Parliament or of the Legislature of the State of Meghalaya, as the case may be.

CHAPTER II CLASSES OF COURTS

Rule - 4. Classes of Courts.

There shall be three classes of Courts, as specified below, in the areas within the Jaintia Hills Autonomous District to be constituted by the District Council under paragraph 4 of the Sixth Schedule to the Constitution for the trial of suits and cases between the parties all of whom belong to scheduled tribes.

(i)       Village Court,

(ii)      Subordinate District Council Court,

(iii)     District Council Court and Additional District Council Court.

CHAPTER III VILLAGE COURT

Rule - 5. Constitution of Village Court.

(1)     There shall be a Village Court for each Elaka.

(2)     Each Village Court shall be composed of

(a)      The Dolloi/Sirdar.

(b)      Not less than five and not more than ten members as may be decided and elected by the Dorbar Elaka.

(c)      Any person who is a Member of District Council shall not be eligible to be elected as a member of Village Court.

(3)     (a) There shall be a Chairman and a Vice-Chairman of each Village Court;

(b) The Chairman of the Village Court shall be the Dolloi/Sirdar.

(c) The Vice-Chairman shall be elected by the majority of the members from amongst the members of the Village Court and he shall perform the duties of the Chairman in his absence.

(4)     There shall be a Secretary and Assistant Secretary of the Village Court to be appointed by the Court from amongst the members of the Court.

(a)      The Secretary of the Village Court shall record the proceedings of the Court.

(b)      The Assistant Secretary shall assist the Secretary and shall perform the duties of the Secretary in his absence.

(5)     An elected member of the Village Court shall have tenure of office of 5 years from the date of notification by the Executive Committee and shall also be eligible for re-election.

(6)     If at any time the number of members of a Village Court is reduced due to death or resignation or removal of a member, the Dorbar Elaka may elect another member for the remaining term of the Court and shall inform the Executive Committee the name of such person elected as a member of the Village Court.

Rule - 6. Quorum and Jurisdiction of the Village Court.

(1)     The quorum of the Village Court constituted under Rule 5 shall be two-third of the total number of members of such Court.

(2)     The Jurisdiction of a Village Court shall extend to the hearing and trial of suits and cases arising within the territorial limits of the Elaka.

Powers of the Village Court

Rule - 7. Suits and cases to be tried by a Village Court.

 A Village Court shall try suits and cases of the following nature:-

(1)     Cases of a civil and miscellaneous nature falling within the purview of Village or tribal laws and customs.

Provided that if any immovable property is in dispute the property must be situated within the jurisdiction of the Village Court and in all other cases one of the parties must reside or hold land within such jurisdiction.

(2)     Criminal cases falling within the purview of tribal laws and customs and offences of petty nature such as petty theft and pilfering, mischief and trespass of petty nature, simple assault and hurt, affront and affray of whatever kind, drunkenness or disorderly brawling, public nuisance and simple cases of wrongful restrain.

Provided that the offence occurs within the territorial jurisdiction of the Village Court.

Provided further that the Village Court shall not be competent to try offences in respect of which the punishment of imprisonment is obligatory under the Indian Penal Code.

Rule - 8. Village Courts to pass sentence in Criminal cases and to award costs in civil cases.

(1)     A Village Court shall not be competent to pass a sentence of imprisonment in any criminal case. It shall have power to impose a fine for any offence it is competent to try, upto a maximum limit of Rs. 1000 (Rupees One Thousand) only. It may award payment in restitution or compensation, to the aggrieved or injured party upto a maximum limit of Rs. 3000 (Rupees Three thousand) only.

(2)     In a civil case a Village Court shall have power to:-

(a)      Impose costs upto a maximum limit of Rs. 3000 (Rupees Three thousand) only to a person who instituted unfounded or vexatious or frivolous suits and cases before the Court.

(b)      Award compensation upto a maximum limit of Rs. 3000 (Rupees Three thousand) only to the aggrieved or injured party against whom unfounded or vexatious or frivolous suits and cases have been instituted before the Court.

(3)     In the event of non payment of fines imposed and ordered under sub-rules (1), (2) (a) and (b), the Village Court shall have the power to attach the property of the offender.

Rule - 9. Village Court to order attendance of the accused and the witnesses.

 A Village Court shall have power to order attendance of the accused and the witnesses to be examined in the case and to impose a fine not exceeding Rs. 200 (Rupees Two hundred) only on any person wilfully failing to attend when so ordered or commit for contempt of such Court.

Rule - 10. Realisation of Fines imposed under Rules 8 & 9.

If any person on whom a fine under Rule 8 or Rule 9 above has been imposed by a Village Court fails to deposit the amount at once or within such time as the Village Court may allow, the Village Court shall report the matter to the District Council Court, for necessary action to realise the fine in such manner as it may deem fit unless the accused person gives notice to appeal against such decision.

Rule - 11. Appeals to District Council Court.

(1)     An appeal shall lie to the District Council Court from a Village Court within the jurisdiction of the District Council Court against any order or sentence in a criminal case, or against any order or decision in a civil case or any other cases.

(2)     The appeal shall be preferred within sixty days of the conviction or sentence or order or decision of the Village Court excluding the time for obtaining copies of the order or decision appealed against.

Provided that the Appellate Court may condone the delay and admit the appeal presented beyond the prescribed time on being satisfied that there was sufficient cause for not presenting the appeal on time.

Rule - 12. Village Court to try suits and cases in accordance with customary laws.

(1)     A Village Court shall try all suits and cases in accordance with the customary laws of the Elaka.

(2)     Every suit or cases shall be presented in a Village Court by filing a plaint which shall contain the following particulars:-

(a)      the name of the Court in which the suit or action is brought;

(b)      the name and place of residence of the plaintiff;

(c)      the name and place of residence of the defendant, so far as they can be ascertained;

(d)      the brief facts necessitating the filling of the suit or case and when it arose;

(e)      the facts showing that the Court has jurisdiction;

(f)       the relief which the plaintiff claims.

(3)     The defendant shall on the date fixed or within such time as the Court may permit present a written statement for his defense.

(4)     On perusal of the plaint and the written statement filed, the Court shall ascertain upon what material proposition of fact or law the parties are at variance and shall thereupon framed issues of fact and law of which the right decision of the case appears to depend.

(5)     In criminal cases, the procedure of the Village Court shall be guided by the spirit but not bounded by the letter of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 as amended.

(6)     In civil cases the procedure of the Village Court shall be guided by the spirit but not bounded by the letter of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 as amended.

Rule - 13.

A Village Court shall try all suits and cases in open Dorbar in the presence of at least three members and shall decide the issue on merit. After hearing both parties and their witnesses, if any, it shall pronounce a decision forthwith.

Provided that in case the issue cannot be decided, the Village Court shall refer the matter to the District Council Court who shall pass an order in accordance with the provision of these Rules.

Rule - 14. Notice to parties and time limit of such notice.

The Village Court shall issue a written notice to the parties to a suit or cases and their witnesses and fix date not exceeding ten days from the date it is issued for appearance of the parties. If a case be postponed, it shall be fixed for a day not exceeding 15 days from the date of the order of postponement, and the case may be subsequently adjourned for a period not exceeding 7 days at a time on good cause shown. The order shall be made known to the person concerned or to some adult member of his family, and failing this, shall be openly proclaimed at the place where he is or was known to be, or shall be communicated to him or any member of his family by a written notice in sufficient time to allow him to appear.

Rule - 15. Ex-partedecision.

A Village Court may decide any suit or case ex-parte, if it is satisfied that the other party has remained absent wilfully or deliberately inspite of having received the notice.

Rule - 16. Recording of proceedings.

(1)     The proceedings of a Village Court in any suit or case shall be recorded in writing.

(2)     Registers of all suits and cases disposed of by a Village Court shall be kept by the Court in the form in Appendix-II.

Rule - 17. Order of attachment of property by Village Court.

A Village Court may carry out its decision or order by attachment of property and sale of the attached property.

Provided that the Village Court shall not order for attachment or sale of the attached property within a period of 60 (sixty) days from the date of such order without the order of the District Council Court.

Rule - 18. Execution of Orders and Decrees.

(1)     The Village Court may, on the application by the decree holder, order execution of the decree :-

(a)      by delivery of any property specifically decreed;

(b)      by attachment and sale or by the sale without attachment of any property.

(2)     Register of all execution by a Village Court shall be kept by the Court in the form in Appendix - III.

Rule - 19. Village Courts to refer certain cases to District Council Court.

Where a Village Court is of the opinion that the sentence it is competent to pass is insufficient in the circumstances of the case, it shall without delay refer the case to the District Council Court, for disposal of the case under this Rule.

CHAPTER IV SUBORDINATE DISTRICT COUNCIL COURT

Rule - 20. Constitution of Subordinate District Council Court.

(1)     There shall be a Subordinate District Council Court or Courts at Jowai. The District Council may also establish Subordinate District Council Court or Courts at any other District within Jaintia Hills Autonomous District.

(2)     (a) Each Subordinate District Council Court shall consist of a Judicial Officer to be appointed by the Executive Committee with the approval of the Governor and designated as Presiding Officer/Magistrate of that Court.

(b) The Subordinate District Council Court shall ordinarily sit at Jowai. It may also sit at any other place or places within the jurisdiction of the District Council whenever it deems necessary in the interest of justice with prior approval of the Judge, District Council Court..

(c) The Presiding Officer so appointed shall preside over the Court and shall also act as Recorder of the Court.

(3)     The Executive Committee shall provide each Subordinate District Council Court with necessary ministerial staff to keep and maintain all records and registers and to issue summons in the name of the Court.

Rule - 21. Jurisdiction of Subordinate District Council Court.

The jurisdiction of the Subordinate District Council Court or Courts shall extend to -

(1)     Suits and cases arising within the territorial jurisdiction of the said Court between parties residing within the jurisdiction of the different Village Courts there under.

(2)     Suits and cases which are not triable by the Village Courts.

(3)     Suits and cases between the Elakas falling within the territorial jurisdiction of the said Court.

POWERS OF SUB-ORDINATE DISTRICT COUNCIL COURT

Rule - 22. Investment of Courts with powers.

Save as otherwise provided in the Constitution and in these Rules, a Subordinate District Council Court shall exercise such powers as defined in Chapter III of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 as it may be invested with by the Governor on the recommendation of the Executive Committee.

Rule - 23. Subordinate District Council Court to try civil suits and criminal cases.

A Subordinate District Council Court shall be competent to try -

(1)     All civil suits or cases not triable by the Village Court within its jurisdiction;

(2)     All criminal cases not triable by the Village Court in which the offence is committed within its jurisdiction.

Rule - 24. Courts not competent to try suits and cases in respect of certain offences.

(1)     A Subordinate District Council Court shall not be competent to try suits and cases in respect of offences-

(i)       Under section 124 - A, 147 and 153 of the Indian Penal Code.

(ii)      Under Chapter X of the same Code in so far as they relate to the contempt of a lawful authority other than an authority constituted by the District Council.

(iii)     Of giving or fabricating false evidence as specified in section 193 of the same Code, in any case triable by a Court other than a Court constituted by the District Council under these rules.

(2)     Unless specially empowered by the Governor by notification in the Gazette, a Subordinate District Court shall not be competent to exercise powers in -

(i)       Cases relating to the security for keeping the peace and good behaviour similar to those contemplated under Section 107 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973;

(ii)      Cases relating to the security for good behaviour from persons disseminating seditious matter similar to those contemplated under Section 108 of the same Code;

(iii)     Cases relating to the security for good behaviour from vagrants and suspected persons similar to those contemplated under Section 109 of the same Code;

(iv)    Cases relating to the security for good behaviour from habitual offenders similar to those contemplated under Section 110 of the same Code;

(v)      Cases relating to conditional order for removal of nuisance similar to those contemplated under Section 133 of the same Code;

(vi)    Urgent cases of nuisance or apprehended danger similar to that contemplated under Section 144 of the same Code;

(vii)   Dispute as to immovable property of the nature similar to that contemplated under Section 145 of the same Code;

(viii)  Cases in which a public servant who is not removable from his office save by or with the sanction of the Government of Meghalaya or some higher authority is accused of any offence alleged to have been committed by him while acting or purporting to act in the discharge of his official duty.

Rule - 25. Court to try suits and cases under Rule 24.

(1)     Suits and cases referred to in Rule 24 shall continue to be tried and dealt with by the existing Courts until such time as the Governor deems fit to invest the Subordinate District Council Court with such powers by notification in the Gazette.

(2)     For the purposes of this rule the existing Courts mean the Courts of the Deputy Commissioner and his Assistants.

Rule - 26. Security for keeping peace on conviction.

Whenever there is any likelihood of breach of peace or abetting or whenever any person accused of committing criminal intimidation is convicted of such offence by any Court of the District Council and such Court is of opinion that it is necessary to require such person to execute a bond for keeping the peace, the matter shall be referred to the Deputy Commissioner/District Magistrate who shall take necessary action in accordance with law.

Rule - 27. Court to pass sentence authorised by law.

In criminal cases the Subordinate District Council Court may subject to the provisions of the Constitution and of these rules pass any sentence authorised by any law for the time being in force.

Rule - 28. Court to refer all cases involving breach of peace, seditious matter, etc., to Deputy Commissioner/District Magistrate.

Whenever any Court of the District Council is informed that-

(1)     Any person is likely to commit a breach of the peace or disturb the public tranquillity, or to do any wrongful act that may probably occasion a breach of the peace, or disturb the public tranquillity.

(2)     There is within the limits of its jurisdiction any person who within or without such limits, either orally or in writing or in any other manner intentionally disseminates or attempts to disseminate, or in any way abets the dissemination of

(a)      Any seditious matter, that is to say, any matter the publication of which is punishable under section 124- A or Section 153 - A of the Indian Penal Code.

Or

(b)      Any matter concerning a judge which amounts to criminal intimidation or defamation under the Indian Penal Code.

(3)     Any person is taking precautions to conceal his presence within the local limits of such Courts jurisdiction, and there is reason to believe that such person is taking such precautions with a view to committing any offence.

Or

There is any person within such limits who has no ostensible means of subsistence or who cannot give a satisfactory account of himself.

(4)     Any person within the local limits of the Court's jurisdiction:-

(a)      Is by habit a robber, house-breaker, thief or forger;

Or

(b)      Is by habit a receiver of stolen property knowing the same to have stolen;

Or

(c)      Habitually protects or harbours thieves or aids in the concealment or disposal of stolen property;

Or

(d)      Habitually commits, or attempts to commit or abets the commission of the offence of kidnapping, abducting, extortion, cheating or mischief or any offence punishable under Chapter XII of the Indian Penal Code or under Section 489 A, Section 489 B, Section 489 C or Section 489 D of that Code;

Or

(e)      Habitually commits or attempts to commit or abets the commission of offences involving a breach of the peace;

Or

(f)       Is a desperate and dangerous as to render his being at large without security hazardous to the community,

The Court shall refer the matter to the Deputy Commissioner through the Judge/Additional Judge of the District Council Court/Additional District Council Court who shall on such reference being made to him, deal with the case in accordance with law.

Rule - 29. Court to refer all public nuisance, urgent cases of nuisance or apprehended danger to Deputy Commissioner/District Magistrate.

In case where in the opinion of the Court of the District Council there is sufficient ground for proceeding under Section 133 or Section 144 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, and immediate prevention or speedy remedy is desirable, such Court shall refer the matter to the Deputy Commissioner/District Magistrate through the Judge/Additional Judge of the District Council Court/Additional Judge District Council Court who shall on such a reference being made to him take such action as he considers necessary under the said Section.

Rule - 30. Review.

The Subordinate District Council Court on an application by the aggrieved party may review its own decree or order and pass such order thereon as it may deem fit.

Rule - 31. Appeal to District Council Court.

An appeal shall lie to the District Council Court from the decisions of a Subordinate District Council Court in any case, Civil or Criminal. The District Council Court may hear the appeal itself or may endorse it for hearing to the Additional District Council Court.

Provided that when the District Council Court is not sitting by reason of its Presiding Officer being on leave or otherwise the appeal shall lie to the Additional District Council Court.

Provided also that such appeal is accompanied by a certified copy of the order appealed against and a clear statement of the grounds of appeal and is filed within sixty days from the date of the order excluding the time required for obtaining a certified copy of the order appealed against.

Provided further that the Appellate Court may condone the delay and admit the appeal presented beyond the prescribed time on being satisfied that there was sufficient cause for not presenting the appeal on time.

CHAPTER V DISTRICT COUNCIL COURT AND ADDITIONAL DISTRICT COUNCIL COURT

Rule - 32. Constitution of District Council Court.

(1)     There shall be a District Council Court for the Jaintia Hills Autonomous District which shall be called the Jaintia Hills Autonomous District Council Court to be presided over by a Judicial Officer to be designated as Judge and to be appointed by the Executive Committee with the approval of the Governor. The Judge shall also be a Recorder of the Court.

(2)     The District Council Court shall ordinarily sit at Jowai. It may also sit at any other place or places within the jurisdiction of the District Council whenever it deems necessary in the interest of justice.

Rule - 33. Constitution of Additional District Council Court.

(1)     There shall be an Additional District Council Court which shall be called the Jaintia Hills Autonomous Additional District Council Court to be presided over by a Judicial Officer to be designated as Additional Judge and to be appointed by the Executive Committee with the approval of the Governor. The Additional Judge shall also act as a Recorder of the Court he presides over.

(2)     The Additional District Council Court shall ordinarily sit at Jowai. It may also sit at any other place or places within the jurisdiction of the District Council whenever it deems necessary in the interest of justice with prior approval of the Judge, District Council Court.

Powers of District Council Court and Additional District Council Court

Rule - 34. District Council Court to be a Court of Appeal.

The District Council Court shall be a Court of appeal against the decisions of the Subordinate District Council Courts and Village Courts in suits and cases both civil and criminal decided by the said Courts. The District Council Court may hear the appeal itself or may endorse it for hearing to the Additional District Council Court. Provided that when the District Council Court is not sitting by reason of its Presiding Officer being on leave or out of station or reasons of like manner the appeal may lie to Additional District Council Court.

Provided also that such appeal is accompanied by a certified copy of the order appealed against and a clear statement of the grounds of appeal and is filed within sixty days from the date of the order excluding the time required for obtaining a certified copy of the order appealed against.

Provided further that the Appellate Court may condone the delay and admit the appeal presented beyond the prescribed time on being satisfied that there was sufficient cause for not presenting the appeal on time.

Rule - 35. Court to pass orders on appeal authorised by law.

(1)     The District Council Court may, subject to the provisions of these rules, pass any order on appeal authorised by any law for the time being in force.

(2)     The District Council Court may call for and examine the records of any Proceedings of a Subordinate District Council Court or of a Village Court and may enhance, reduce, cancel or modify any sentence or finding passed by such Court or remands the case for retrial.

(3)     The decree of the Appellate Court in a Civil case shall be transferred to the Court passing the original order for execution as a decree of its own.

Rule - 36. Revision.

The District Council Court or the Additional District Council Court, on an application by aggrieved party may call for the records or proceedings of any case which has been decided by any Court subordinate to it and pass such order as it may deem fit.

Provided that the party aggrieved may move such application only after availing of remedy by way of appeal, if any, provided under the Rules against such decision.

Rule - 37. Review.

The District Council Court or the Additional District Council Court on an application by aggrieved party may review its own decree or order and pass such order thereon as it may deem fit.

Rule - 38. District Council Court may direct Subordinate District Council Court to try civil suit not otherwise triable by it or may try the same itself.

The District Council Court shall be competent to direct a Subordinate District Council Court to try a civil suit which is not otherwise triable by such Court, or may try the same itself.

Provided that the District Council Court shall pass such order or orders on an application filed by a person or persons on a sufficient ground.

Rule - 39. District Council Court may transfer case or itself try it.

(1)     If it appears to the District Council Court

(a)      that a fair and impartial inquiry or trial cannot be had in any Village Court or Subordinate District Council Court ;

Or

(b)      that some question of law of un-usual difficulty is likely to arise; it may order

(i)       that any particular case or class of cases be transferred from a Village court to a Subordinate District Council Court, or from one Subordinate District Council Court to another Subordinate District Council Court ;

Or

(ii)      that any particular case be transferred to and tried before itself.

(c)      That any particular case or class of cases in which the presiding officer has already adjudicated upon, such case or class of cases shall be endorsed to the Additional District Council Court.

(2)     When the District Council Court withdraws for trial before itself any case from any Court it shall observe in such trial the same procedure which that Court would have observed, if the case had not been so withdrawn.

(3)     The District Council Court may act either on the report of the Lower Court or on the application of a party interested or on its own initiative.

Rule - 40. Additional District Council Court to pass orders on appeal authorised by law.

(1)     The Additional District Council Court may, subject to the provisions of these rules, pass any order on appeal authorised by any law for the time being in force.

(2)     The Additional District Council Court may call for and examine the records of any proceedings of a Subordinate District Council Court or of a Village Court and may enhance, reduce, cancel or modify any sentence or finding passed by such Court or remand the case for retrial.

(3)     Notwithstanding anything contained in these rules, the Additional District Council Court shall, when the District Council Court is not sitting by reason of its Presiding Officer being on leave or out of station or reasons of like manner, exercise all the powers of the District Council Court.

Rule - 41. Power of Court to release certain offender on probation of good conduct instead of sentencing to punishment.

(1)     When any person is convicted of an offence which the District Council Court or Additional District Council Court is competent to try under these rules, and no previous conviction is proved against the offender as it appears to that Court, having regard to the age, character or antecedents of the offender, and to the circumstances in which the offence was committed, that it is expedient that the offender should be released on probation of good conduct, the Court may, instead of sentencing him at once to any punishment, direct that he be released on his entering into a bond with or without sureties to appear and receive sentence when called upon during such period not exceeding three years as the Court may direct and in the meantime to keep the peace and be of good behaviour.

Provided that, where any first offender is convicted by a Subordinate District Council Court and the Court is of the opinion that the powers conferred by this rule should be exercised, it shall record its opinion to that effect and submit the proceedings to the District Council Court or when the District Council Court is not sitting by reason of its presiding Officer being on leave or out of station or reasons of like manner, to the Additional District Council Court forwarding the accused to, or taking bail for his appearance before such Court which shall dispose of the case in manner provided by Rule 41 (4).

(2)     In any case in which a person is convicted of an offence under the Indian Penal Code punishable with not more than two years' imprisonment and no previous conviction is proved against him, the District Council Court or Additional District Council Court before which he is so convicted may, if it thinks fit, having regard to the age, character, antecedents or physical or mental condition of the offender and to the trivial nature of the offence or any extenuating circumstances under which the offence was committed instead of sentencing him to any punishment, release him after due admonition.

Provided that, where a person is convicted of such offence by a Subordinate District Council Court and no previous conviction is proved and the Court is of opinion that the powers conferred by this rule should be exercised, it shall record its opinion to that effect and submit the proceedings to the District Council Court or when the District Council Court is not sitting by reason of its Presiding Officer being on leave or out of station or reasons of like manner, to the Additional District Council Court forwarding the accused to, or taking bail for his appearance before such Court which shall dispose of the case in a manner provided by Rule 41 (4).

(3)     The provision of Sections 121, 124 and 373 of the Code of Criminal Procedure 1973 shall apply mutatis mutandis in the case of sureties offered in pursuance of the provisions of this rule.

(4)     Where proceedings are submitted to the District Council Court or the Additional District Council Court under Rule 41 such Court may thereupon pass such sentence or make such orders as it might have passed or made if the case had originally been heard by it, and, if it thinks further inquiry or additional evidence on any point to be necessary, it may make such inquiry or take evidence itself or direct such inquiry or evidence to be made or taken.

Rule - 42. Provision of offender failing to observe conditions of his recognizance.

(1)     If the Court which convicted the offender, or a Court which could have dealt with the offender in respect of his original offence, is satisfied that the offender has failed to observe any of the conditions of his recognizance, it may issue a warrant for his apprehension.

(2)     An offender when apprehended on any such warrant shall be brought before the Court issuing the warrant as soon as may be within a period of twenty four hours of apprehension excluding the time necessary for the journey from the place of apprehension to such Court and such Court may either remand him in custody until the case is heard or admit him to bail on condition(s) with sufficient surety on his appearing for sentence. Such Court may, after hearing the case, pass sentence.

(3)     A warrant for the apprehension of an offender under sub-rule (1) shall be directed to a Police Officer, who shall execute the same.

Rule - 43. Condition as to abode of offender.

The Court directing the release of an offender under sub-rule (1) of Rule 41 shall be satisfied that the offender or his surety (if any) has a fixed place of abode or regular occupation in the place in which the Court acts or in which the offender is likely to live during the period named for the observance of the conditions.

Rule - 44. Appeal against acquittal in criminal cases.

(1)     In a criminal case the Executive Committee may, on application or otherwise, direct an appeal against acquittal to be presented to the District Council Court or when the District Council Court is not sitting by reason of its Presiding Officer being on leave or out of station or reasons of like manner to the Additional District Council Court from any order passed by a Village Court or a Subordinate District Council Court.

(2)     An appeal under sub-rule (1) shall be presented within 90 days of the date of order appealed against, excluding the time for obtaining a certified copy of the order.

CHAPTER VI PROCEDURE OF SUBORDINATE DISTRICT COUNCIL COURT, DISTRICT COUNCIL COURT AND ADDITIONAL DISTRICT COUNCIL COURT

Rule - 45. Procedure in criminal cases.

(1)     In criminal cases the procedure of the Subordinate District Council Court, the District Council Court and the Additional District Council Court shall, subject to the provisions of this rule, be in the spirit of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 so far as it is applicable to the circumstances of the district and not inconsistent with these rules. The chief exceptions are as hereinafter specified in the following sub-rules of this Rule-

(a)      Wherever a Court constituted under these rules requires in course of the discharge of its functions, the services of the regular police which is at the disposal of the Superintendent of Police, that Court may send a requisition for such service to that officer who will generally comply with such requisition unless he considers the compliance to be not possible for any special reasons.

(b)      Summons on any person, tribal or non-tribal, residing outside the jurisdiction of the Jaintia Hills Autonomous District shall be issued by the Court through the Superintendent of Police of the District.

(2)     A note of the substance of all the proceedings in cases tried before the Court must be kept by such Court in the forms prescribed in Appendix IV. In a case in which sentence of imprisonment of not less than three months is imposed, full notes of the evidences and proceedings must be kept.

(3)     Recognisance to appear need not be taken unless it seems necessary to the District Council Court, the Additional District Council Court or Subordinate District Council Court.

(4)     The proceedings including examination of witnesses in the Subordinate District Council Court, District Council Court and the Additional District Council Court generally shall be in English or in any of the recognized languages of the District.

Rule - 46. Maintenance of Registration by the Court.

In addition to such other registers as may be directed by the High Court, the following Registers shall be kept in the District Council Court, the Additional District Council Court and the Subordinate District Council Court in the forms prescribed in Appendix V.

(1)     Register of petitions

(2)     Register of crimes

(3)     Register of criminal cases disposed of

(4)     Register of fines

Rule - 47. Procedure in Civil cases.

In civil cases, the procedure of the District Council court, the Additional District Council Court and the Subordinate District Council Courts shall be guided by the spirit but not bound by the letter of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 as amended up to date in all matters not covered by recognized customary laws or usages of the Autonomous District.

Rule - 48. Court to adjudicate according to law, justice, equity and good conscience.

(1)     In all civil cases, the District Council Court, the Additional District Council Court and the Subordinate District Council Courts shall adjudicate according to law, justice, equity and good conscience consistent with the circumstances of the case.

(2)     The witnesses shall be examined on oath or solemn affirmation in any form and shall be warned that they are liable to punishment for perjury, if they state that which they know to be false.

Rule - 49. Deposit of expenses by appellant in civil suits.

Any Court before which an appeal in a civil suit is filed may, before admitting appeal, order the deposit by the appellant of all reasonable expenses likely in the opinion of the Court, to be incurred by the respondent in the hearing of the appeal or may order security to be given for such expenses, and if the appellant be a judgement debtor may also order security to be given for part or the whole of the decretal amount.

Rule - 50. Procedure where dispute concerning land. etc., is likely to cause breach of peace.

Whenever a Court of the District Council is satisfied that a dispute is likely to cause a breach of the peace exists concerning any land or water or the boundaries thereof within the local limits of its jurisdiction, such Court shall refer the matter to the Deputy Commissioner through the Judge/Additional Judge of the District Council Court/Additional Judge District Council Court and the Deputy Commissioner, whenever such a reference is made to him shall take such action as he considers necessary under the law.

Rule - 51. No Imprisonment for debt.

There shall be no imprisonment for debt, except in case where the District Council Court or the Additional District Council Court or the Subordinate District Council Court is satisfied that fraudulent disposal or concealment of property had taken place and in such cases the debtor may be detained for a period not exceeding one year.

Rule - 52. Legal practitioner to appear in cases.

Any Legal practitioner may appear in any case, civil or criminal, before the District Council Court, the Additional District Council Court or the Subordinate District Council Court.

Rule - 53. Commission for examination of witnesses.

Whenever, in the course of the enquiry, trial or other proceedings under these rules before any Court it appears that a commission ought to be issued for examination of a witness whose evidence is necessary for the ends of justice and that the attendance of such witness cannot be procured without an amount of delay, expenses or inconvenience which under the circumstances of the case would be unreasonable, such Court shall have the power to issue a Commission and appoint a Commissioner to record the evidence.

Provided that when a Commission is necessary to be issued for examination of a witness outside the jurisdiction of the District Council Court or the Additional District Council Court or the Subordinate District Council Court, as the case may be, the concerned Court shall also intimate the Judge of the District Council Court of that particular Autonomous District for information and if required to seek help and assistance to the Commission.

CHAPTER VII EXECUTION OF SENTENCE, DECREES AND ORDERS PASSED BY THE DISTRICT COUNCIL COURT OR THE ADDITIONAL DISTRICT COUNCIL COURT OR SUBORDINATE DISTRICT COUNCIL COURT.

Rule - 54. Procedure for execution of sentence, or order and decrees passed by Court.

(1)     Subject to the provisions of Rules 45 and 47 the District Council Court or the Additional District Council Court or the Subordinate District Council Court shall cause a sentence, order or decree passed by it to be carried into effect in accordance with the procedure, prescribe by the Code Criminal Procedure, 1973, or the Code of Civil Procedure 1908, as amended up-to-date as the case may be.

(2)     Every warrant for the execution of a sentence of imprisonment shall be directed to the Superintendent of the Jail maintained by the State Government in which the prisoner is, or is to be confined.

(3)     When the prisoner is to be confined in a Jail, the warrant shall be lodged with the Jailor through the Superintendent of the Jail.

Rule - 55. Attachment of property of person absconding.

Whenever a warrant is issued by a Court against a person who is absconding or is concealing himself in connection with any criminal proceedings, any property movable or immovable, belonging to him is liable to attachment according to the civil process prescribed in Rule 56 of these Rules.

Attachment of Property

Rule - 56. Procedure for attachment of property belonging to judgement debtor.

(1)     Property, movable or immovable, belonging to the judgement debtor over which or the profits of which he has a disposing power which he may exercise for his own benefit, whether the same be held in the name of the judgement-debtor or by another person in trust for him or on his behalf is liable to attachment and sale in execution of a decree;

Provided that the following shall not be liable to such attachment or sale namely -

(a)      the necessary wearing apparel, cooking vessels, beds and bedding of the judgement-debtor, his wife and children, and such personal ornaments relating with religious usages by any woman;

(b)      tools of artisans and where the judgement-debtor is an agriculturist his implement or husbandry and such cattle and seed grains as may, in the opinion of the Court, be necessary to enable him to earn his livelihood as such;

(c)      Book of account;

(d)      A mere right to sue for damages;

(e)      Any right of personal Service;

(f)       Stipends and gratuities allowed to pensioners of the Government or payable out of any Service Family Pension Fund and Political pension of Central Government or State Government or District Council employee or any other Public undertaking notified in this behalf by the Central Government or State Government or District Council and Public undertaking.

(g)      The salary of any public officer or employee to the extent of not more than 50% (fifty percent) of such salary;

Provided that where the whole or any part of the portion of such salary liable to attachment has been under attachment whether continuously or inter-mittenly for a total period of twenty four months, such portion shall be exempted from attachment until the expiry of a further period of twelve months and where such attachment has been in execution of one and the same decree, shall be finally exempt from the attachment in execution of that decree;

(h)     Any allowance forming part of the emoluments of any public officer or employee, which the appropriate Government may by notification declare to be exempt from attachment and any substantive grant or allowance, to any such person while under suspension;

(i)       The pay and allowances of persons to whom the Indian Army Act, 1950, applies or any person other than Commissioned Officers to whom the Indian Navy (Discipline) Act, 1934 applies;

(j)       All compulsory deposits and other sums in or derived from any fund to which the Provident Funds Act, 1925, for the time being applies in so far as they are declared by the said Act not to be liable to attachment;

(k)      Not more than one third of the wages of the labourers and domestic servants whether payable in money or in kind;

(l)       An expectancy of succession by survivorship or other merely contingent or possible right or interest.

(m)    A right to future maintenance.

(n)     Any allowance declared by any law in force to be exempted from liability to attachment and sale in execution of a decree;

(o)      Where the judgement-debtor is a person liable for the payment of land revenue, any movable property which under any law for the time being applicable to him, is exempted from sale for the recovery of any arrear of such revenue.

Explanation: The particulars mentioned in clauses (f), (i), (k), (n) and (o) are exempted from attachment or sale whether before or after they are actually payable.

(2)     The procedure for the attachment of the property shall be in the spirit of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 or the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, as amended up-to-date as the case may be.

CHAPTER VIII RECRUITMENT OF JUDICIAL OFFICERS

Rule - 57. Source of Recruitment.

The recruitment to the post of Judicial Officer shall be made by the Executive Committee in the following manner:-

(1)     Judge District Council Court -

(a)      by promotion from the Additional Judge, Additional District Council Court having not less than 3 (three) years qualifying service or at least 5 (five) years of cumulative service as judicial officer.

or

(b)      by direct recruitment from amongst the eligible advocates on the basis of written tests and personal interview, conducted by the Executive Committee.

(2)     Additional Judge, Additional District Council Court -

(a)      by promotion from amongst the Presiding Officers, Subordinate District Council Court having not less than 5 (five) years' qualifying service on the basis of principle of merit-cum- seniority;

or

(b)      by direct recruitment from amongst the eligible advocates on the basis of written tests and personal interview, conducted by the Executive Committee.

(3)     Presiding Officer, Subordinate District Council Court -

By direct recruitment from amongst the eligible advocates on the basis of written tests and personal interview, conducted by the Executive Committee.

Rule - 58. Qualifications.

(1)     For the purpose of sub-rules (1) (b) and (2) (b) of Rule 57, the qualifying criteria for the advocate is as follows:-

(a)      He must be a citizen of India;

(b)      He must be a holder of degree in law of a recognized University;

(c)      He must be practicing as an Advocate in Courts of criminal and civil jurisdiction on the last date fixed for receipt of applications and must have so practiced for a period of not less than 7 (seven) years as on such date.

(d)      He must have attained the age of 35 (thirty-five) years and must not have attained the age of 45 (forty-five) years, as on the last date fixed for receipt of applications.

(e)      He must have sufficient knowledge of tribal customs, Khasi language and usages prevalent in the Autonomous District.

(2)     For the purpose of sub-rule (3) of Rule 57, the qualifying criteria for the advocates is as follows: -

(a)      He must be a citizen of India;

(b)      He must be a holder of degree in law of a recognized University;

(c)      He must be practicing as an Advocate in Courts of criminal and civil jurisdiction on the last date fixed for receipt of applications and must have so practiced for a period of not less than 3 (three) years as on such date.

(d)      He must have attained the age of 27 (twenty-seven) years and must not have attained the age of 35 (thirty-five) years, as on the last date fixed for receipt of applications.

(e)      He must have sufficient knowledge of tribal customs, Khasi language and usages prevalent in the Autonomous District.

Rule - 59.

The condition of service of Judicial Officer shall be regulated by the Jaintia Hills Autonomous District Council Service Rules, 1981 as amended from time to time.

CHAPTER IX MISCELLANEOUS

Rule - 60. Criminal lunatic.

Whenever any Court passes any order for the detention of a criminal lunatic the District Council shall refer the matter to the Superintendent of Police, who shall deal with the case following the spirit of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 and in accordance with rules made under the Indian Lunacy Act, 1912.

Rule - 61. Presiding or Judicial Officer not to try cases in which he is party.

No Presiding Officer or Judicial Officer shall try or commit for trial any case to or in which he is a party, or personally interested, and no Judicial Officer shall hear an appeal from any judgement or order passed or made by himself.

Rule - 62.

Not withstanding anything contained in these Rules and the law so far made by the District Council under paragraph 3 of the Sixth Schedule to the Constitution, a Judicial Officer of the District Council Court, the Additional District Council Court or Sub-Ordinate District Council Court, as the case may be, shall exercise such other functions as may be entrusted to him/her from time to time by the Executive Committee by a notification to dispose of matter falling within the competence of the Executive Committee by virtue of the provisions of any law made under paragraph 3 of the said Schedule.

REPEAL AND SAVINGS

Rule - 63.

(1)     The United Khasi-Jaintia Hills Autonomous District (Administration of Justice) Rules, 1953 as adopted and amended is hereby repealed with immediate effect in its application to the territorial jurisdiction of the Jaintia Hills Autonomous District .

(2)     Notwithstanding such repeal under sub-rule (1) above, all actions taken, orders made or directions given under the provisions of the United Khasi - Jaintia Hills (Administration of Justice) Rules, 1953 as adopted and amended shall be deemed to be taken, made or given under the respective provisions of these rules and subsequent actions if any, with regard to any action, order or direction shall be in accordance with the provisions of these rules.