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CODE ON SOCIAL SECURITY, 2020

CODE ON SOCIAL SECURITY, 2020

CODE ON SOCIAL SECURITY, 2020

Preamble - CODE ON SOCIAL SECURITY, 2020

THE CODE ON SOCIAL SECURITY, 2020

[Act No. 36 of 2020]

[28th September, 2020]

PREAMBLE

An Act to amend and consolidate the laws relating to social security with the goal to extend social security to all employees and workers either in the organised or unorganised or any other sectors and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.

Be it enacted by Parliament in the Seventy-first Year of the Republic of India as follows:--

Section 1 - Short title, extent, commencement and application

(1)     This Act may be called the Code on Social Security, 2020.

 

(2)     It extends to the whole of India.

 

(3)     It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint; and different dates may be appointed for different provisions of this Code and any reference in any such provision to the commencement of this Code shall be construed as a reference to the coming into force of that provision.

 

(4)     The applicability of the Chapters specified in columns (1) and (2) of the First Schedule shall, without prejudice to the applicability of the other provisions of this Code, be such as is specified in corresponding entry in column (3) of that Schedule.

(5)     Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (4), where it appears to the Central Provident Fund Commissioner, whether on an application made to him by the employer of an establishment or otherwise, that the employer and majority of employees of that establishment have agreed that the provisions of Chapter III should be made applicable to that establishment, the Central Provident Fund Commissioner, may, by notification, apply the provisions of the said Chapter to that establishment on and from the date of such agreement or from any subsequent date specified in the agreement:

Provided that where the employer of an establishment to which the provisions of Chapter III applied under this sub-section desires to come out of such applicability, he may make an application to the Central Provident Fund Commissioner and the Central Provident Fund Commissioner shall, if satisfied that there is an agreement between the employer and majority of the employees to this effect, make the provisions of that Chapter inapplicable to such establishment, in such manner and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

(6)     The Central Government may, after giving not less than two months' notice of its intention so to do, by notification, apply the provisions of this Code to any establishment employing not less than such number of persons as may be specified in the notification.

 

(7)     Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (4), where it appears to the Director General of the Corporation, whether on an application made to him by the employer of an establishment or otherwise, that the employer and majority of employees of that establishment have agreed that the provisions of Chapter IV should be made applicable to that establishment, the Director General of the Corporation, may, by notification, apply the provisions of the said Chapter to that establishment on and from the date of such agreement or from any subsequent date specified in the agreement:

 

 

(8)     Provided that where the employer of an establishment to which the provisions of Chapter IV applied under this sub-section desires to come out of such applicability, he may make an application to the Director General of the Corporation and Director General of the Corporation shall, if satisfied that there is an agreement between the employer and majority of the employees to this effect, make the provisions of that Chapter inapplicable to such establishment, in such manner and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

 

(9)     Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (4), an establishment to which any Chapter applies at the first instance shall continue to be applied thereafter even if the number of employees therein at any subsequent time falls below the threshold specified in the First Schedule in respect of that Chapter.

Section 2 - Definitions

In this Code, unless the context otherwise requires,--

(1)     "agent" when used in relation to an establishment, means every person, whether appointed as such or not, who acting or purporting to act on behalf of the owner, takes part in the management, control, supervision or direction of such establishment or part thereof;

 

(2)     "aggregator" means a digital intermediary or a market place for a buyer or user of a service to connect with the seller or the service provider;

 

(3)     "appropriate Government" means?

 

(a)      in relation to, an establishment carried on by or under the authority of the Central Government or concerning any such controlled industry as may be specified by notification in this behalf, by the Central Government or the establishment of railways including metro railways, mines, oil field, major ports, air transport service, telecommunication, banking and insurance company or a corporation or other authority established by a Central Act or the central public sector undertaking or subsidiary companies set up by the central public sector undertakings, subsidiary companies set up by the principal undertakings or autonomous bodies owned or controlled by the Central Government, including establishment of contractors for the purposes of such establishment, corporation or other authority, central public sector undertakings, subsidiary companies or autonomous bodies or any company in which not less than fifty-one per cent. of the paid up share capital is held by the Central Government, as the case may be, or in relation to an establishment having departments or branches in more than one State, as the case may be, the Central Government; and

 

(b)      in relation to any other establishment, the State Government.

Explanation 1.--For the purposes of this clause, the expression "metro railway" means the metro railway as defined in sub-clause (i) of clause (1) of of the Metro Railways (Operation and Maintenance) Act, 2002 (60 of 2002).

Explanation 2.--For the purposes of this clause, the Central Government shall continue to be the appropriate Government for the central public sector undertakings even if the holding of the Central Government reduces to less than fifty per cent. equity in that public sector undertaking after the commencement of this Code;

(4)     "audio-visual production" means audio-visual produced wholly or partly in India and includes?

 

(1)     animation, cartoon depiction, audio-visual advertisement;

 

(2)     digital production or any of the activities in respect of making thereof; and

 

(3)     features films, non-feature films, television, web-based serials, talk shows, reality shows and sport shows;

 

(5)     "Authorised Officer" means such officer of the Central Board, or as the case may be, of the Corporation notified by the Central Government;

 

(6)     "building or other construction work" means the construction, alteration, repairs, maintenance or demolition in relation to buildings, streets, roads, railways, tramways, airfields, irrigation, drainage, embankment and navigation works, flood control works (including storm water drainage works), generation, transmission and distribution of power, water works (including channels for distribution of water), oil and gas installations, electric lines, internet towers, wireless, radio, television, telephone, telegraph and overseas communications, dams, canals, reservoirs, watercourses, tunnels, bridges, viaducts, aqua-ducts, pipelines, towers, cooling towers, transmission towers and such other work as may be specified in this behalf by the Central Government, by notification, but does not include any building or other construction work which is related to any factory or mine or any building or other construction work employing less than ten workers in the preceding twelve months or where such work is related to own residential purposes of an individual or group of individuals for their own residence and the total cost of such work does not exceed fifty lakhs rupees or such higher amount and employing more than such number of workers as may be notified by the appropriate Government;

?

(7)     "building worker" means a person who is employed to do any skilled, semi-skilled or unskilled, manual, technical or clerical work for hire or reward, whether the terms of such employment are express or implied, in connection with any building or other construction work, but does not include any such person who is employed mainly in a managerial or supervisory or administrative capacity;

 

(8)     "Building Workers' Welfare Board" means the State Building and other Construction Workers' Welfare Board constituted under sub-section (1) of section 7;

 

(9)     "career centre" means any office (including employment exchange, place or portal) established and maintained in the manner prescribed by the Central Government for providing such career services (including registration, collection and furnishing of information, either by the keeping of registers or otherwise, manually, digitally, virtually or through any other mode) as may be prescribed by the Central Government, which may, inter alia, relate generally or specifically to?

 

(i)       persons who seek to employ employees;

 

(ii)      persons who seek employment;

 

(iii)     occurrence of vacancies; and

 

(iv)    persons who seek vocational guidance and career counselling or guidance to start self-employment;

 

(10)   "Central Board" means the Board of Trustees of the Employees' Provident Fund constituted under "Central Provident Fund Commissioner" means the Central Provident Fund Commissioner of the Central Board appointed under sub-section (1) of 

 

(11)   "child", for the purposes of Chapter VI, includes a stillborn child;

 

(12)   "Commissioning mother" means a biological mother who uses her egg to create an embryo implanted in any other woman;

 

(13)   "company" means a company as defined in clause (20) of the Companies Act, 2013 (18 of 2013);

 

(14)   "compensation" means compensation as provided under Chapter VII;

 

(15)   "competent authority" means any authority appointed under for the purposes of Chapter V or notified for the purposes of Chapter VI or appointed under for the purposes of Chapter VII, as the case may be, as competent authority by the appropriate Government or the State Government, as the case may be;

 

(16)   "completed year of service" means continuous service for twelve months;

 

(17)   "confinement" means labour resulting in the issue of a living child, or labour after twenty-six weeks of pregnancy resulting in the issue of a child whether alive or dead;

 

(18)   "contract labour" means a worker who shall be deemed to be employed in or in connection with the work of an establishment when he is hired in or in connection with such work by or through a contractor, with or without the knowledge of the principal employer and includes inter-State migrant worker but does not include an employee (other than part time employee) who is regularly employed by the contractor for any activity of his establishment and his employment is governed by mutually accepted standards of the conditions of employment (including engagement on permanent basis), and gets periodical increment in the pay, social security coverage and other welfare benefits in accordance with the law for the time being in force in such employment;

 

(19)   "contractor", in relation to an establishment means a person, who?

 

(i)       undertakes to produce a given result for the establishment, other than a mere supply of goods or articles of manufacture to such establishment through contract labour; or

 

(ii)      supplies contract labour for any work of the establishment as mere human resource, and includes a sub-contractor;

 

(20)   "contribution" means the sum of money payable by the employer, under this Code, to the Central Board and to the Corporation, as the case may be, and includes any amount payable by or on behalf of the employee in accordance with the provisions of this Code;

 

(21)   "Corporation" means the Employees' State Insurance Corporation constituted under 

(22)   "delivery" means the birth of a child;

 

(23)   "dependant" means any of the following relatives of deceased employee, namely:--

 

(a)      a widow, a minor legitimate or adopted son, an unmarried legitimate or adopted daughter or a widowed mother:

Provided that for the purposes of Chapter IV, a legitimate adopted son, who has not attained the age of twenty-five years, shall be dependant of the deceased employee;

(b)      if wholly dependant on the earnings of the employee at the time of his death, a legitimate or adopted son or a daughter who has attained the age of eighteen years and who is infirm; except for the purposes of Chapter IV wherein the word "eighteen" occurring in this sub-clause shall be deemed to have been substituted by the word "twenty-five";

 

(c)      if wholly or in part dependent on the earnings of the employee at the time of his death,--

 

(i)       a widower;

 

(ii)      a parent other than a widowed mother;

 

(iii)     a minor illegitimate son, an unmarried illegitimate daughter or a daughter legitimate or illegitimate or adopted if married and a minor or if widowed and a minor;

 

(iv)    a minor brother or an unmarried sister or a widowed sister if a minor;

 

(v)      a widowed daughter-in-law;

 

(vi)    a minor child of a pre-deceased son;

 

(vii)   a minor child of a pre-deceased daughter where no parent of the child is alive, or;

 

(viii)  a grandparent if no parent of the employee is alive.

Explanation.--For the purposes of sub-clause (b) and items (vi) and (vii) of sub-clause (c), references to a son, daughter or child include an adopted son, daughter or child, respectively;

(24)   "dock work" means any work in or within the vicinity of any port in connection with, or required for, or incidental to, the loading, unloading, movement or storage of cargoes into or from ship or other vessel, port, dock, storage place or landing place, and includes?

 

(i)       work in connection with the preparation of ships or other vessels for receipt or discharge of cargoes or leaving port;

 

(ii)      all repairing and maintenance processes connected with any hold, tank structure or lifting machinery or any other storage area on board the ship or in the docks; and

 

(iii)     chipping, painting or cleaning of any hold, tank, structure or lifting machinery or any other storage area in board the ship or in the docks;

 

(25)   "employee" means any person (other than an apprentice engaged under the Apprentices Act, 1961 (52 of 1961)) employed on wages by an establishment, either directly or through a contractor, to do any skilled, semi-skilled or unskilled, manual, operational, supervisory, managerial, administrative, technical, clerical or any other work, whether the terms of employment be express or implied, and also includes a person declared to be an employee by the appropriate Government, but does not include any member of the Armed Forces of the Union:

Provided that for the purposes of Chapter III, except in case of the Employees? Provident Fund Scheme and Chapter IV, the term "employee" shall mean such employee drawing wages less than or equal to the wage ceiling notified by the Central Government and includes such other persons or class of persons as the Central Government may by notification, specify to be employee, for the purposes of those Chapters:

Provided further that for the purposes of counting of employees for the coverage of an establishment under Chapter III and Chapter IV, as the case may be, the employees, whose wages are more than the wage ceiling so notified by the Central Government, shall also be taken into account:

Provided also that for the purposes of Chapter VII, the term "employee" shall mean only such persons as specified in the Second Schedule and such other persons or class of persons as the Central Government, or as the case may be, the State Government may add to the said Schedule, by notification, for the purposes of that Government;

(26)   "employer" means a person who employs, whether directly or through any person, or on his behalf, or on behalf of any person, one or more employees in his establishment and where the establishment is carried on by any department of the Central Government or the State Government, the authority specified, by the head of such department, in this behalf or where no authority is so specified, the head of the department and in relation to an establishment carried on by a local authority, the chief executive of that authority, and includes,--

 

(a)      in relation to an establishment which is a factory, the occupier of the factory;

(b)      in relation to mine, the owner of the mine or agent or manager having requisite qualification under the law for the time being in force and appointed by the owner or agent of the mine as such;

 

(c)      in relation to any other establishment, the person who, or the authority which has ultimate control over the affairs of the establishment and where the said affairs are entrusted to a manager or managing director, such manager or managing director;

 

(d)      contractor; and

 

(e)      legal representative of a deceased employer;

 

(27)   "employment injury" means a personal injury to an employee, caused by accident or an occupational disease, as the case may be, arising out of and in the course of his employment,--

 

(i)       for the purposes of Chapter IV, if the employee is an insured or insurable employee under whether such accident occurs or the occupational disease is contracted within or outside the territorial limits of India; and

 

(ii)      for the purposes of Chapter VII, whether such accident occurs or the occupational disease is contracted within or outside the territorial limits of India;

 

(28)   "establishment" means?

 

(a)      a place where any industry, trade, business, manufacture or occupation is carried on; or

(b)      a factory, motor transport undertaking, newspaper establishment, audio-visual production, building and other construction work or plantation; or

 

(c)      a mine, port or vicinity of port where dock work is carried out.

Explanation.--For the purposes of Chapter III, where an establishment consists of different departments or has branches, whether situate in the same place or in different places, all such departments or branches shall be treated as parts of the same establishment;

(29)   "executive officer" means such officer of the appropriate Government as may be notified by that Government for the purposes of Chapter XIII or an officer authorised in writing by such executive officer to discharge his duties under that Chapter;

 

(30)   "exempted employee" for the purposes of Chapter III, means an employee to whom any of the schemes referred to in section 15, but for the exemption granted under this Code, would have applied and for the purposes of Chapter I V, means an employee, whose wage is specified in the notification by the Central Government and who is not liable to pay employee's contribution;

 

(31)   "factory" means any premises including the precincts thereof?

 

(a)      whereon ten or more employees are working, or were working on any day of the preceding twelve months, and in any part of which a manufacturing process is being carried on with the aid of power, or is ordinarily so carried on, or

 

(b)      whereon twenty or more employees are working, or were working on any day of the preceding twelve months, and in any part of which a manufacturing process is being carried on without the aid of power, or is ordinarily so carried on, but does not include a mine, or a mobile unit belonging to the Armed Forces of the Union, railways running shed or a hotel, restaurant or eating place.

Explanation 1.--For computing the number of employees for the purposes of this clause, all the employees in (different groups and relays) a day shall be taken into account.

Explanation 2.--For the purposes of this clause, the mere fact that an Electronic Data Processing Unit or a Computer Unit is installed in any premises or part thereof, shall not be construed as factory if no manufacturing process is being carried on in such premises or part thereof;

(32)   "family" means all or any of the following relatives of an employee or an unorganised worker, as the case may be, namely:--

 

(a)      a spouse;

 

(b)      a minor legitimate or adopted child dependent upon the employee or an unorganised worker, as the case may be;

 

(c)      a child who is wholly dependent on the earnings of the employee or an unorganised worker, as the case may be, and who is?

 

(i)       receiving education, till he attains the age of twenty-one years; and

 

(ii)      an unmarried daughter;

 

(d)      a child who is infirm by reason of any physical or mental abnormality or injury and is wholly dependent on the earnings of the employee or an unorganised worker, as the case may be, so long as the infirmity continues;

 

(e)      ?of a woman employee), whose income from all sources does not exceed such income as may be prescribed by the Central Government;

 

(f)       in case the employee or an unorganised worker, as the case may be, is unmarried and his parents are not alive, a minor brother or sister wholly dependent upon the earnings of the Insured Person;

 

(33)   "fixed term employment" means the engagement of an employee on the basis of a written contract of employment for a fixed period:

Provided that--

(a)      his hours of work, wages, allowances and other benefits shall not be less than that of a permanent employee doing the same work or work of a similar nature; and

 

(b)      he shall be eligible for all benefits, under any law for the time being in force, available to a permanent employee proportionately according to the period of service rendered by him even if his period of employment does not extend to the required qualifying period of employment;

 

(34)   "gig worker" means a person who performs work or participates in a work arrangement and earns from such activities outside of traditional employer-employee relationship;

 

(35)   "home-based worker" means a person engaged in, the production of goods or services for an employer in his home or other premises of his choice other than the workplace of the employer, for remuneration, irrespective of whether or not the employer provides the equipment, materials or other inputs;

 

(36)   "Inspector-cum-Facilitator" means an Inspector-cum-Facilitator appointed under

 

(37)   "Insurance Fund" means the Deposit-Linked Insurance Fund established under clause (c) of sub-section (1) of 

 

(38)   "Insured Person" means the Insured Person referred to is

 

(39)   "Insurance Scheme" means the Deposit-Linked Insurance Scheme framed under clause (c) of sub-section (1) of 

 

(40)   "inter-State migrant worker" means a person who is employed in an establishment and who?

 

(i)       has been recruited directly by the employer or indirectly through contractor in one State for employment in such establishment situated in another State; or

 

(ii)      has come on his own from one State and obtained employment in an establishment of another State (hereinafter called destination State) or has subsequently changed the establishment within the destination State, under an agreement or other arrangement for such employment and drawing wages not exceeding eighteen thousand rupees per month or such higher amount as may be notified by the Central Government from time to time;

 

(41)   "manufacturing process" means any process for?

 

(i)       making, altering, repairing, ornamenting, finishing, oiling, washing, cleaning, breaking up, demolishing, refining, or otherwise treating or adapting any article or substance with a view to its use, sale, transport, delivery or disposal; or

 

(ii)      pumping oil, water, sewage or any other substance; or

 

(iii)     generating, transforming or transmitting power; or

 

(iv)    composing, offset printing, printing by letter press, lithography, photogravure screen printing, three or four dimensional printing, prototyping, flexography or other types of printing process or book binding; or

 

(v)      constructing, reconstructing, repairing, refitting, finishing or breaking up ships or vessels; or

 

(vi)    preserving or storing any article in cold storage; or

 

(vii)   such other activities as the Central Government may notify;

 

(42)   "maternity benefit", in respect of Chapter VI, means the payment referred to in sub-section (1) of "medical practitioner" means a person registered under any law for the time being in force, or, any person declared by the State Government, by notification, to be qualified as medical practitioner for the purposes of this Code:

Provided that different class or classes of medical practitioner having specific qualification may be notified by the Central Government for the purposes of Chapter IV and by the appropriate Government for other Chapters of this Code;

(43)   "medical termination of pregnancy" means the termination of pregnancy permissible under the provisions of the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971 (34 of 1971);

 

(44)   "mine" shall have the meaning assigned to it in clause (j) of sub-section (1) of the Mines Act, 1952 (35 of 1952);

 

(45)   "minor" means a person who has not attained the age of eighteen years;

 

(46)   "miscarriage" means expulsion of the contents of a pregnant uterus at any period prior to or during the twenty-sixth week of pregnancy, but does not include any miscarriage, the causing of which is punishable under the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860);

 

(47)   "National Social Security Board" means the National Social Security Board for Unorganised Workers constituted under sub-section (1) of 

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(48)   "notification" means a notification published in the Gazette of India or the Official Gazette of a State, as the case may be, and the expression "notify" with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions shall be construed accordingly;

 

(49)   "occupational disease" means a disease specified in the Third Schedule as a disease peculiar to the employment of the employee;

 

(50)   "occupier" in respect of a factory means the person who has ultimate control over the affairs of the factory:

Provided that--

(a)      in the case of a firm or other association of individuals, any one of the individual partners or members thereof;

 

(b)      in the case of a company, any one of the directors, except any independent director within the meaning of sub-section (6) of the Companies Act, 2013 (18 of 2013);

 

(c)      in the case of a factory owned or controlled by the Central Government or any State Government, or any local authority, the person or persons appointed to manage the affairs of the factory by the Central Government, the State Government or the local authority or such other authority as may be prescribed by the Central Government, shall be deemed to be the occupier:

Provided further that in the case of a ship which is being repaired, or on which maintenance work is being carried out, in a dry dock which is available for hire, the owner of the dock shall be deemed to be the occupier for all purposes except the matters as may be prescribed by the Central Government which are directly related to the condition of ship for which the owner of ship shall be deemed to be the occupier;

(51)   "oilfield" shall have the meaning assigned to it in clause (e) of the Oilfields (Regulation and Development) Act, 1948 (53 of 1948);

 

(52)   "organised sector" means an enterprise which is not an unorganised sector;

 

(53)   "permanent partial disablement" means, where the disablement is of a permanent nature, such disablement as reduces the earning capacity of an employee in every employment which he was capable of undertaking at the time of the accident resulting in the disablement:

Provided that every injury specified in Part II of the Fourth Schedule shall be deemed to result in permanent partial disablement;

(54)   "permanent total disablement" means such disablement of a permanent nature as incapacitates an employee for all work which he was capable of performing at the time of the accident resulting in such disablement:

Provided that permanent total disablement shall be deemed to result from every injury specified in Part I of the Fourth Schedule or from any combination of injuries specified in Part II thereof where the aggregate percentage of the loss of earning capacity, as specified in the said Part II against those injuries, amounts to one hundred per cent.;

(55)   "Pension Fund" means the Pension Fund established under clause (b) of sub-section (1) of 

 

(56)   "Pension Scheme" means the Employees' Pension Scheme framed under clause (b) of sub-section (1) of

 

(57)   "plantation" means?

 

(a)      any land used or intended to be used for?

 

(i)       growing tea, coffee, rubber, cinchona or cardamom which admeasures five hectares or more;

 

(ii)      growing any other plant, which admeasures five hectares or more and in which ten or more persons are employed or were employed on any day of the preceding twelve months, if, after obtaining the approval of the Central Government, the State Government, by notification, so directs.

Explanation.--Where any piece of land used for growing any plant referred to in this sub-clause admeasures less than five hectares and is contiguous to any other piece of land not being so used, but capable of being so used, and both such pieces of land are under the management of the same employer, then, for the purposes of this sub-clause, the piece of land first mentioned shall be deemed to be a plantation, if the total area of both such pieces of land admeasures five hectares or more;

(b)      any land which the State Government may, by notification, declare and which is used or intended to be used for growing any plant referred to in sub-clause (a), notwithstanding that it admeasures less than five hectares:

Provided that no such declaration shall be made in respect of such land which admeasures less than five hectares immediately before the commencement of this Code; and

(c)      offices, hospitals, dispensaries, schools and any other premises used for any purpose connected with any plantation within the meaning of sub-clause (a) and sub-clause (b); but does not include factory on the premises;

 

(58)   "platform work" means a work arrangement outside of a traditional employer-employee relationship in which organisations or individuals use an online platform to access other organisations or individuals to solve specific problems or to provide specific services or any such other activities which may be notified by the Central Government, in exchange for payment;

 

(59)   "platform worker" means a person engaged in or undertaking platform work;

 

(60)   "port" shall have the meaning assigned to it in clause (4) of the Indian Ports Act, 1908 (15 of 1908);

 

(61)   "Provident Fund" means the Employees' Provident Fund established under clause (a) of sub-section (1) of 

 

(62)   "Provident Fund Scheme" means the Employees' Provident Fund Scheme framed under clause (a) of sub-section (1) of 

 

(63)   "prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under this Code;

 

(64)   "railway" shall have the meaning assigned to it in clause (31) of  the Railways Act, 1989 (24 of 1989);

 

(65)   "railway company" includes any persons whether incorporated or not, who are owners or lessees of a railway or parties to an agreement for working a railway;

 

(66)   "Recovery Officer" means any officer of the Central Government, the State Government, the Central Board or the Corporation, who may be authorised by the Central Government or the State Government, as the case may be, by notification, to discharge the functions and to exercise the powers of a Recovery Officer under this Code;

 

(67)   "regulations" means regulations made by the Corporation under this Code;

 

(68)   "retirement" means termination of the service of an employee otherwise than on superannuation;

 

(69)   "sales promotion employees" means the sales promotion employees as defined in clause (d)? of the Sales Promotion Employees (Conditions of Service) Act, 1976 (11 of 1976);

 

(70)   "Schedule" means a Schedule to this Code;

 

(71)   "seamen" means any person forming part of the crew of any ship, but does not include the master of the ship;

 

(72)   "seasonal factory " means a factory which is exclusively engaged in one or more of the following manufacturing processes, namely, cotton ginning, cotton or jute pressing, decortication of ground-nuts, the manufacture of indigo, lac, sugar (including gur) or any manufacturing process which is incidental to or connected with any of the aforesaid processes and includes a factory which is engaged for a period not exceeding seven months in a year in a manufacturing process as the Central Government may, by notification, specify;

 

(73)   "self-employed worker" means any person who is not employed by an employer, but engages himself in any occupation in the unorganised sector subject to a monthly earning of an amount as may be notified by the Central Government or the State Government, as the case may be, from time to time or holds cultivable land subject to such ceiling as may be notified by the State Government;

(74)   "shop", in respect of a State, means a shop as defined in any law for the time being in force dealing with the shop in that State;

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(75)   "sickness" means a condition which requires medical treatment and attendance and necessitates abstention from work on medical ground;

 

(76)   "social security" means the measures of protection afforded to employees, unorganised workers, gig workers and platform workers to ensure access to health care and to provide income security, particularly in cases of old age, unemployment, sickness, invalidity, work injury, maternity or loss of a breadwinner by means of rights conferred on them and schemes framed, under this Code;

 

(77)   "Social Security Organisation" means any of the following organisations established under this Code, namely:--

 

(a)      the Central Board of Trustees of Employees' Provident Fund constituted under 

 

(b)      the Employees' State Insurance Corporation constituted under 

?

(c)      the National Social Security Board for Unorganised Workers constituted under 

?

(d)      the State Unorganised Workers' Social Security Board constituted under 

?

(e)      the State Building and other Construction Workers' Welfare Boards constituted under and

 

 

(f)       any other organisation or special purpose vehicle declared to be the social security organisation by the Central Government;

 

(78)   "State Government" includes?

 

(a)      in relation to a Union territory with legislature, the Government of the Union territory; and

 

(b)      in relation to a Union territory without legislature, the administrator appointed under article 239 of the Constitution as an administrator thereof;

 

(79)   "State Unorganised Workers' Board" means the State Unorganised Workers' Social Security Board constituted under sub-section (9) of 

?

(80)   "superannuation", in relation to an employee, means the attainment by the employee of such age as is fixed in the contract or conditions of service, as the age on the attainment of which the employee shall vacate the employment:

Provided that for the purposes of Chapter III, the age of superannuation shall be fifty-eight years;

(81)   "temporary disablement" means a condition resulting from an employment injury which requires medical treatment and renders an employee, as a result of such injury, temporarily incapable of doing the work which he was doing prior to or at the time of the injury;

 

(82)   "Tribunal" means the Industrial Tribunal constituted by the appropriate Government under  of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (14 of 1947);

 

(83)   "unorganised sector" means an enterprise owned by individuals or self-employed workers and engaged in the production or sale of goods or providing service of any kind whatsoever, and where the enterprise employs workers, the number of such workers is less than ten;

 

(84)   "unorganised worker" means a home-based worker, self-employed worker or a wage worker in the unorganised sector and includes a worker in the organised sector who is not covered by the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (14 of 1947) or Chapters III to VII of this Code;

 

(85)   "vacancy", for the purposes of Chapter XIII, means an unoccupied post (including newly created post, post of trainee, post to be filled through apprentice or any unoccupied post created in an establishment by any other means) in a cadre or occupation for the purpose of employing a person and carrying remuneration;

 

(86)   "wages" means all remuneration, whether by way of salaries, allowances or otherwise, expressed in terms of money or capable of being so expressed which would, if the terms of employment, express or implied, were fulfilled, be payable to a person employed in respect of his employment or of work done in such employment, and includes,--

 

(a)      basic pay;

 

(b)      dearness allowance; and

 

(c)      retaining allowance, if any, but does not include?

 

(a)      any bonus payable under any law for the time being in force, which does not form part of the remuneration payable under the terms of employment;

 

(b)      the value of any house-accommodation, or of the supply of light, water, medical attendance or other amenity or of any service excluded from the computation of wages by a general or special order of the appropriate Government;

 

(c)      any contribution paid by the employer to any pension or provident fund, and the interest which may have accrued thereon;

 

(d)      any conveyance allowance or the value of any travelling concession;

 

(e)      any sum paid to the employed person to defray special expenses entailed on him by the nature of his employment;

 

(f)       house rent allowance;

 

(g)      remuneration payable under any award or settlement between the parties or order of a court or Tribunal;

 

(h)     any overtime allowance;

 

(i)       any commission payable to the employee;

 

(j)       any gratuity payable on the termination of employment;

 

(k)      any retrenchment compensation or other retirement benefit payable to the employee or any ex gratia payment made to him on the termination of employment, under any law for the time being in force:

Provided that for calculating the wages under this clause, if payments made by the employer to the employee under sub-clauses (a) to (i) exceeds one-half, or such other per cent. as may be notified by the Central Government, of the all remuneration calculated under this clause, the amount which exceeds such one-half, or the per cent. so notified, shall be deemed as remuneration and shall be accordingly added in wages under this clause:

Provided further that for the purpose of equal wages to all genders and for the purpose of payment of wages, the emoluments specified in sub-clauses (d), (f), (g) and (h) shall be taken for computation of wage.

Explanation.--Where an employee is given in lieu of the whole or part of the wages payable to him, any remuneration in kind by his employer, the value of such remuneration in kind which does not exceed fifteen per cent. of the total wages payable to him, shall be deemed to form part of the wages of such employee;

(87)   "wage ceiling" means such amount of wages as may be notified by the Central Government, for the purposes of becoming a member under Chapter III and Chapter IV;

 

(88)   "wage worker" means a person employed for remuneration in the unorganised sector, directly by an employer or through any contractor, irrespective of place of work, whether exclusively for one employer or for one or more employers, whether in cash or in kind, whether as a home-based worker, or as a temporary or casual worker, or as a migrant worker, or workers employed by households including domestic workers, with a monthly wage of an amount as may be notified by the Central Government and the State Government, as the case may be;

 

(89)   "woman" means a woman employed, whether directly or through any contractor, for wages in any establishment:

Provided that for the purposes of Chapter IV, a woman who is or was an employee in respect of whom contribution is or were payable under the said Chapter and who is by reason thereof, entitled to any of the benefits provided under the said Chapter shall be called ?insured woman? and shall include--

(i)       a commissioning mother who as biological mother wishes to have a child and prefers to get embryo implanted in any other woman;

 

(ii)      a woman who legally adopts a child of up to three months of age.

Section 3 - Registration and cancellation of an establishment

(1)     Every establishment to which this Code applies shall be electronically or otherwise, registered within such time and in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government:

Provided that the establishment which is already registered under any other Central labour law for the time being in force shall not be required to obtain registration again under this Code and such registration shall be deemed to be registration for the purposes of this Code:

(2)     Any establishment to which Chapter III or Chapter IV applies, and whose business activities are in the process of closure, may make an application for cancellation of registration granted under this section.

 

(3)     The manner of making application for cancellation of the registration under sub-section (2), the conditions subject to which the registration shall be cancelled and the procedure of cancellation and other matters relating thereto, shall be such as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

Section 4 - Constitution of Board of Trustees of Employees? Provident Fund

(1)     The Central Government may, by notification, constitute, with effect from such date as may be specified therein, a Board of Trustees of the Employees' Provident Fund to be called the Central Board, for the purposes of Chapter III and the provisions of this Code relating to that Chapter, for the administration of the funds vested in it in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government, consisting of the following members, namely:--

 

(a)      a Chairperson and a Vice-Chairperson to be appointed by the Central Government;

 

(b)      not more than five persons appointed by the Central Government from amongst its officials;

 

(c)      not more than fifteen persons representing Governments of such States as the Central Government may specify in this behalf, to be appointed by the Central Government;

 

(d)      ten persons representing employers of the establishments to which the schemes referred to in sub section (1) of section 15 applies, to be appointed by the Central Government after consultation with such organisations of employers as may be recognised by the Central Government in this behalf;

 

(e)      ten persons representing employees in the establishments to which schemes referred to in sub-section (1) of section 15 applies, who shall be appointed by the Central Government after consultation with such organisations of employees as may be recognised by that Government in this behalf; and

 

(f)       the Central Provident Fund Commissioner, ex officio.

 

(2)     The Central Board shall be a body corporate by the name of Board of Trustees of the Employees' Provident Fund, having perpetual succession and a common seal and shall by the said name sue and be sued.

 

(3)     The Central Government may, by notification, constitute, with effect from such date as may be specified therein, an Executive Committee from amongst the members of the Central Board to assist the Central Board in performance of its functions in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

 

(4)     The Central Board may, by order, constitute one or more committees of such composition as may be specified in the order to assist it in the discharge of its functions.

 

(5)     The Central Board may, by order, delegate to its Chairperson or to its Executive Committee or to any of its officers and a State Board constituted under section 12 may, by order, delegate to its Chairperson or to any of its officers, subject to such conditions and limitations, if any, as it may specify in such order, such of its powers and functions under this Code as it may deem necessary for efficient administration of the schemes referred to in sub-section (1) of section 15.

 

(6)     The terms and conditions, including tenure of office, subject to which a member of the Central Board and Executive Committee shall discharge their respective duties may be such as may be prescribed by the Central Government:

Provided that a member of the Central Board shall, notwithstanding the expiry of the tenure of his office, continue to hold office until his successor is appointed.

(7)     The Central Board, apart from the functions specified in this Code, shall also perform such other functions in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

Section 5 - Constitution of Employees? State Insurance Corporation

(1)     The Central Government may, by notification, constitute with effect from such date as may be specified therein, the Employees' State Insurance Corporation to be called the Corporation, for the purposes of Chapter IV and the provisions of this Code relating to that Chapter and the administration thereof, in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government, consisting of the following members, namely:--

 

(a)      a Chairperson to be appointed by the Central Government;

 

(b)      a Vice-Chairperson to be appointed by the Central Government;

 

(c)      not more than five persons to be appointed by the Central Government from amongst its officials;

 

(d)      one person representing each of such States in such manner, as may be prescribed by the Central Government;

 

(e)      one person to be appointed by the Central Government to represent the Union territories;

 

(f)       ten persons representing employers to be appointed by the Central Government in consultation with such organisations of employers as may be recognised for the purpose by the Central Government;

(g)      ten persons representing employees to be appointed by the Central Government in consultation with such organisations of employees as may be recognised for the purpose by the Central Government;

?

(h)     two persons representing the medical profession to be appointed by the Central Government in consultation with such organisations of medical practitioners as may be recognised for the purpose by the Central Government;

 

(i)       three members of Parliament of whom two shall be members of the House of the People (Lok Sabha) and one shall be a member of the Council of States (Rajya Sabha) elected respectively by the members of the House of the People and the members of the Council of States; and

 

(j)       the Director General of the Corporation, ex officio.

 

(2)     The Corporation shall be a body corporate by the name of Employees' State Insurance Corporation, having perpetual succession and a common seal and shall by the said name sue and be sued.

 

(3)     The Central Government may, by notification, constitute, with effect from such date as may be specified therein, a Standing Committee from amongst the members of the Corporation, in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

 

(4)     Subject to the general superintendence and control of the Corporation, the Standing Committee?

 

(a)      shall administer the affairs of the Corporation and may exercise any of the powers and perform any of the functions of the Corporation in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government;

(b)      shall submit for the consideration and decision of the Corporation all such cases and matters as may be specified in the regulations made in this behalf; and

 

(c)      may, in its discretion, submit any other case or matter for the decision of the Corporation.

 

(5)     ?(a) The Central Government may, by notification, constitute, with effect from such date as may be specified therein, a Medical Benefit Committee of such composition as may be specified therein, to assist the Corporation and the Standing Committee in performance of its functions relating to administration of medical benefits.

(b) ??the Medical Benefit Committee shall perform such duties and exercise such powers as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

(6)     The Corporation may, by order, constitute one or more committees of such composition as may be specified in the regulations to assist it in the discharge of its functions.

 

(7)     The terms and conditions, including tenure of office, subject to which a member of the Corporation and Standing Committee shall discharge their respective duties may be such as may be prescribed by the Central Government:

Provided that a member of the Corporation shall, notwithstanding the expiry of the tenure of his office, continue to hold office until his successor is appointed.

Section 6 - National Social Security Board and State Unorganised Workers? Board

(1)     The Central Government shall, by notification, constitute a National Social Security Board for unorganised workers to exercise the powers conferred on, and to perform the functions assigned to, it under this Code, in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

(2)     The National Social Security Board shall consist of the following members, namely:--

 

(a)      Union Minister for Labour and Employment as Chairperson;

 

(b)      Secretary, Ministry of Labour and Employment as Vice-Chairperson;

 

(c)      forty members to be nominated by the Central Government, out of whom?

 

(i)       seven members representing unorganised sector workers;

 

(ii)      seven members representing employers of unorganised sector;

 

(iii)     seven members representing eminent persons from civil society;

 

(iv)    two members representing the Lok Sabha and one from the Rajya Sabha;

 

(v)      ten members representing Central Government Ministries and Departments concerned;

 

(vi)    five members representing State Governments;

 

(vii)   one member representing the Union territories; and

 

(d)      the Director General Labour Welfare, as Member-Secretary, ex officio.

 

(3)     All members except Chairperson of the National Social Security Board shall be from amongst persons of eminence in the fields of labour welfare, management, finance, law and administration.

 

(4)     The manner in which members shall be nominated from each of the categories specified in clause (c) of sub-section (2), the term of office and other conditions of service of members, the procedure to be followed in the discharge of their functions by, and the manner of filling vacancies among the members of, the National Social Security Board shall be such as may be prescribed by the Central Government:

Provided that adequate representation shall be given to persons belonging to the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes, the minorities and women.

(5)     The term of the National Social Security Board shall be three years.

 

(6)     The National Social Security Board shall meet at least thrice a year, at such time and place and shall observe such rules of procedure relating to the transaction of business at its meetings, as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

 

(7)     The National Social Security Board shall perform the following functions, namely:--

 

(a)      recommend to the Central Government for framing suitable schemes for different sections of unorganised workers, gig workers and platform workers;

 

(b)      advise the Central Government on such matters arising out of the administration of this Code as may be referred to it;

 

(c)      monitor such social welfare schemes for unorganised workers, gig workers and platform workers as are administered by the Central Government;

 

(d)      review the record keeping functions performed at the State level;

 

(e)      review the expenditure from the fund and account; and

 

(f)       undertake such other functions as are assigned to it by the Central Government from time to time.

 

(8)     The Central Government may, by notification, constitute with effect from such date as may be specified therein one or more advisory committee to advise the Central Government upon such matters arising out of the administration of this Code relating to unorganised workers and such other matters as the Central Government may refer to it for advice.

 

(9)     Every State Government shall, by notification, constitute a State Board to be known as (name of the State) Unorganised Workers' Social Security Board to exercise the powers conferred on, and to perform the functions assigned to, it under this Code, in such manner as may be prescribed by the State Government.

 

(10)   Every State Unorganised Workers' Board shall consist of the following members, namely:--

 

(a)      Minister of Labour and Employment of the concerned State as Chairperson, ex officio;

 

(b)      Principal Secretary or Secretary (Labour) as Vice-Chairperson;

 

(c)      one member representing the Central Government in the Ministry of Labour and Employment;

 

(d)      thirty-one members to be nominated by the State Government, out of whom?

 

(i)       seven representing the unorganised workers;

 

(ii)      seven representing employers of unorganised workers;

 

(iii)     two members representing the Legislative Assembly of the concerned State;

 

(iv)    five members representing eminent persons from civil society;

 

(v)      ten members representing the State Government Departments concerned; and

 

(e)      Member-Secretary as notified by the State Government.

 

(11)   All members except Chairperson of the State Unorganised Workers' Board shall be from amongst persons of eminence in the fields of labour welfare, management, finance, law and administration.

 

(12)   The manner in which members shall be nominated from each of the categories specified in clause (d) of sub-section (10), the term of office and other conditions of service of members, the procedure to be followed in the discharge of their functions by, and the manner of filling vacancies among the members of, the State Unorganised Workers' Board shall be such as may be prescribed by the State Government:

Provided that adequate representation shall be given to persons belonging to the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes, the minorities and women.

(13)   The term of the State Unorganised Workers' Board shall be three years.

 

(14)   The State Unorganised Workers' Board shall meet at least once in a quarter at such time and place and shall observe such rules of procedure relating to the transaction of business at its meetings, as may be prescribed by the State Government.

 

(15)   The State Board shall perform the following functions, namely:--

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(a)      recommend the State Government for framing suitable schemes for different sections of the unorganised sector workers;

 

(b)      advise the State Government on such matters arising out of the administration of this Code as may be referred to it;

 

(c)      monitor such social welfare schemes for unorganised workers as are administered by the State Government;

 

(d)      review the record keeping functions performed at the district level;

 

(e)      review the progress of registration and issue of cards to unorganised sector workers;

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(f)       review the expenditure from the funds under various schemes; and

 

(g)      undertake such other functions as are assigned to it by the State Government from time to time.

 

(16)   The State Government may, by notification, constitute with effect from such date as may be specified therein, one or more advisory committee to advise the State Government upon such matters arising out of the administration of this Code relating to unorganised workers and such other matters as the State Government may refer to it for advice.

Section 7 - Constitution of State Building Workers? Welfare Boards

(1)     Every State Government shall, with effect from such date as it may, by notification, appoint, constitute a Board to be known as the ................ (name of the State) Building and Other Construction Workers' Welfare Board to exercise the powers conferred on, and perform the functions assigned to, it under this section and Chapter VIII.

 

(2)     The Building Workers' Welfare Board shall be a body corporate by the name aforesaid, having perpetual succession and a common seal and shall by the said name sue and be sued.

 

(3)     The Building Workers' Welfare Board shall consist of a chairperson to be nominated by the State Government, one member to be nominated by the Central Government and such number of other members, not exceeding fifteen, as may be appointed to it by the State Government:

Provided that the Building Workers' Welfare Board shall include an equal number of members representing the State Government, the employers and the building workers and that at least one member of the Board shall be a woman.

(4)     The terms and conditions of appointment and the salaries and other allowances payable to the chairperson and the other members of the Building Workers' Welfare Board, and the manner of filling of casual vacancies of the members of the Building Workers' Welfare Board, shall be such as may be prescribed by the State Government.

 

(5)     (a) The Building Workers' Welfare Board shall appoint a Secretary and such officers and employees as it considers necessary for the efficient discharge of its functions under this Code.

(b) ??The Secretary of the Building Workers' Welfare Board shall be its chief executive officer.

(c) ??The terms and conditions of appointment and the salary and allowances payable to the Secretary and the other officers and employees of the Building Workers' Welfare Board shall be such as may be prescribed by the State Government.

(6)     The Building Workers' Welfare Board shall perform the following functions, namely:--

 

(a)      provide death and disability benefits to a beneficiary or his dependants;

 

(b)      make payment of pension to the beneficiaries who have completed the age of sixty years;

 

(c)      pay such amount in connection with premium for Group Insurance Scheme of the beneficiaries as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government;

 

(d)      frame educational schemes for the benefit of children of the beneficiaries as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government;

 

(e)      meet such medical expenses for treatment of major ailments of a beneficiary or, such dependant, as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government;

 

(f)       make payment of maternity benefit to the beneficiaries;

 

(g)      frame skill development and awareness schemes for the beneficiaries;

 

(h)     provide transit accommodation or hostel facility to the beneficiaries;

 

(i)       formulation of any other welfare scheme for the building worker beneficiaries by State Government in concurrence with the Central Government; and

 

(j)       make provision and improvement of such other welfare measures and facilities as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

(7)     The State Government may, by notification, constitute with effect from such date as may be specified therein one or more advisory committee to advise the State Government upon such matters arising out of the administration of this Code relating to building workers and such other matters as the State Government may refer to it for advice.

 

Section 8 - Disqualification and removal of a member of any Social Security Organisation

(1)     No person shall be chosen as, or continue to be, a member of a Social Security Organisation, or any Committee thereof who,--

 

(a)      is or at any time has been adjudged an insolvent; or

 

(b)      is found to be a lunatic or becomes of unsound mind; or

 

(c)      is or has been convicted of any offence involving moral turpitude; or

 

(d)      is an employer in an establishment and has defaulted in the payment of any dues under this Code;

 

(e)      is a member of a Social Security Organisation being a member of the Parliament or a member of a State Legislative Assembly, when he ceases to be such member of the Parliament or State Legislative Assembly, as the case may be; or

 

(f)       is a member of Social Security Organisation being a member of the Parliament or a member of a State Legislative Assembly, and he becomes a?

 

(i)       Minister of Central or State Government; or

 

(ii)      Speaker or Deputy Speaker of House of the People or a State Legislative Assembly; or

 

(iii)     Deputy Chairman of the Council of States.

Explanation 1.--If any question arises whether any person is disqualified under clause (d), it shall be referred to the appropriate Government and the decision of the appropriate Government on any such question shall be final.

Explanation 2.--Clause (f) shall not apply in case of persons who are members of the Social Security Organisation ex officio, by virtue of being a Minister.

(2)     The Central Government, in case of the Central Board, the Corporation and the National Social Security Board and the State Government in case of the State Unorganised Workers' Board and the Building Workers' Welfare Board, may remove any member of such Social Security Organisation from his office, who,--

(a)      is or has become subject to any of the disqualifications mentioned in sub-section (1); or

 

(b)      is absent without leave of the Social Security Organisation of which he is a member for more than three consecutive meetings of the Social Security Organisation or a Committee thereof;

 

(c)      in the opinion of such Government, has so abused the position of his office as to render that member's continuation in the office detrimental to the public interest or is otherwise unfit or unsuitable to continue as such member in the opinion of such Government:

Provided that no person shall be removed under clauses (b) and (c), unless that person has been given an opportunity to show cause as to why he should not be removed:

Provided further that a member of the Executive Committee of the Central Board or the Standing Committee of the Corporation shall cease to hold office if he ceases to be a member of the Central Board or the Corporation, as the case may be.

(3)     Any member of a Social Security Organisation or a Committee thereof may at any time resign from his office in writing under his hand addressed to the Central Government or the State Government, as the case may be, which had made his appointment and on acceptance of such resignation, his office shall become vacant.

 

(4)     If in a Social Security Organisation or a Committee thereof, the Central Government or the State Government, as the case may be, is of the opinion that?

 

(a)      any member thereof representing employers or the employees or the unorganised workers, as the case may be, ceases to adequately represent so; or

 

(b)      any member thereof representing to be an expert in a specified area, is later on found not to possess sufficient expertise in that area; or

 

(c)      having regard to exigencies of circumstances or services in such Government, the member thereof representing such Government cannot continue to represent the Government, then, such Government may, by order, remove such member from his office:

Provided that no person shall be removed under clause (a) or clause (b), unless that person has been given an opportunity to show cause as to why he should not be removed.

(5)     If any member of a Social Security Organisation or a Committee thereof, who is a director of a company and who as such director, has any direct or indirect pecuniary interest in any matter coming up for consideration of the Social Security Organisation or a Committee thereof, then, he shall, as soon as may be possible after such fact of interest has come to his knowledge, disclose the nature of the interest and such disclosure shall be recorded in the proceedings of the Social Security Organisation or the Committee thereof, as the case may be, and such member, thereafter, shall not take part in any proceeding or decision of the Social Security Organisation, or a Committee thereof relating to that matter.

Section 9 - Procedure for transaction of business of Social Security Organisation, etc

(1)     A Social Security Organisation or any Committee thereof shall meet at such intervals and observe such procedure in regard to the transaction of business at its meetings (including the quorum at such meetings) as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

 

(2)     All orders and decisions of the Social Security Organisation shall be authenticated by the Central Provident Fund Commissioner, Director General, Director General Labour Welfare, State Principal Secretary or Secretary (Labour) of the respective Social Security Organisations or such other officer as may be notified by the appropriate Government and all other instruments issued by the Social Security Organisation shall be authenticated by the signature of such officer as may be authorised by an order by the respective Social Security Organisations.

 

(3)     No act done or proceeding taken by a Social Security Organisation or any Committee thereof shall be questioned on the ground merely of the existence of any vacancy in, or any defect in the constitution of the Social Security Organisation or the Committee thereof, as the case may be.

 

(4)     Such members of a Social Security Organisation or any Committee thereof shall be entitled for such fee and allowances as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

Section 10 - Executive Heads of Central Board and Corporation

The Central Provident Fund Commissioner and the Director General shall be the whole-time officer of the Central Board and the Corporation, respectively, and such officer shall not undertake any work unconnected with his office without the prior approval of the Central Government.

Section 11 - Supersession of Corporation, Central Board, National Social Security Board or State Unorganised Workers? Board or the Building Workers? Welfare Board

(1)     If the Central Government in case of the Central Board, the Corporation or the National Social Security Board and the State Government, in case of the State Unorganised Workers' Board or the Building Workers' Welfare Board, is of the opinion that the Corporation or the Central Board or the National Social Security Board or the State Unorganised Workers? Board or the Building Workers' Welfare Board or any of the Committee thereof, as the case may be, is unable to perform its functions, or, has persistently made delay in the discharge of its functions or has exceeded or abused its powers or jurisdiction, then such Government may, by notification, supersede the Corporation or the Central Board or the National Social Security Board or the State Unorganised Workers' Board or the Building Workers? Welfare Board, or any of the Committees thereof, as the case may be, and reconstitute it in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government:

Provided that, before issuing a notification under this sub-section on any of the grounds specified herein, such Government shall give an opportunity to the Corporation or the Central Board or the National Social Security Board or the State Unorganised Workers? Board or the Building Workers' Welfare Board or any Committee thereof, as the case may be, to show cause as to why it should not be superseded and shall consider the explanations and objections raised by it and take appropriate action thereon.

(2)     After the supersession of the Corporation, or the Central Board or the National Social Security Board, the State Unorganised Workers? Board or the Building Workers? Welfare Board, or any of the Committee thereof, as the case may be, and until it is reconstituted, the Central Government or the State Government, as the case may be, shall make such alternate arrangements for the purpose of administration of the relevant provisions of this Code, as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

 

(3)     The Central Government or the State Government, as the case may be, shall cause, a full report of any action taken by it under this section and the circumstances leading to such action, to be laid before each House of Parliament or the State Legislature, as the case may be, at the earliest opportunity and in any case not later than three months from the date of the notification of supersession issued under sub-section (1).

Section 12 - State Board, Regional Boards, local committees, etc

(1)     The Central Government may, by notification,--

 

(i)       after consultation with the Government of any State, constitute for that State, a Board of Trustees (hereinafter in this Code referred to as a State Board) which shall exercise such powers and perform such functions as may be assigned by notification, to it by the Central Government from time to time;

 

(ii)      specify the manner of constitution of a State Board, the terms and conditions of the appointment of its members and the procedure of its meeting and other proceedings relating thereto.

 

(2)     The Corporation may, by order, appoint Regional Boards and local committees in such area and in such manner to perform such functions and to exercise such powers as may be specified in the regulations.

Section 13 - Entrustment of additional functions to Social Security Organisations

Notwithstanding anything contained in this Code, the Central Government may, by notification,--

(i)       assign additional functions to a Social Security Organisation including administration of any other Act or scheme relating to social security subject to such provisions as may be specified in this behalf in the notification:

Provided that while the additional function of administering the Act or scheme are assigned under this clause to a Social Security Organisation, the officer or authority of such organisation, to whom such function has been assigned, shall exercise the powers under the enactment or scheme required for discharging such function in the manner as may be specified in the notification:

Provided further that the Social Security Organisations may assign such additional functions to existing officers or appoint or engage new officers necessary for such purpose, if such functions may not be performed and completed with the assistance of its personnel as existing immediately before the assignment of the additional functions;

(ii)      specify the terms and conditions of discharging the functions under clause (i) by the Social Security Organisation;

 

(iii)     provide that the expenditure incurred in discharging the functions specified in clause (i) including appointment or engagement of personnel necessary for proper discharge of such functions shall be borne by the Central Government;

 

(iv)    specify the powers which the Social Security Organisation shall exercise while discharging the functions specified in clause (i); and

 

(v)      provide that any expenditure referred to in clause (iii) shall be made by the Social Security Organisation after prior approval of the Central Government.

Section 14 - Appointment of officers of Central Board

(1)     The Central Government may appoint a Central Provident Fund Commissioner who shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the Central Board and shall also function as head of the Employees? Provident Fund Organisation.

Explanation.--For the purposes of this Code, the expression "Employees? Provident Fund Organisation" means the organisation consisting of officers and employees of the Central Board.

(2)     The Central Provident Fund Commissioner shall be subject to the general control and superintendence of the Central Board in the discharge of his functions under this Code.

 

(3)     The Central Government shall also appoint a Financial Advisor and Chief Accounts Officer to assist the Central Provident Fund Commissioner in the discharge of his duties.

 

(4)     The Central Board may appoint, as many Additional Central Provident Fund Commissioners, Deputy Provident Fund Commissioners, Regional Provident Fund Commissioners, Assistant Provident Fund Commissioners and such other officers and employees as it may consider necessary for the efficient administration of the Provident Fund Scheme, the Pension Scheme and the Insurance Scheme or other responsibilities assigned to the Central Board from time to time by the Central Government.

 

(5)     No appointment to the post of the Central Provident Fund Commissioner or an Additional Central Provident Fund Commissioner or a Financial Adviser and Chief Accounts Officer or any other post under the Central Board carrying a scale of pay equivalent to the scale of pay of any Group 'A' or Group 'B' post under the Central Government shall be made except after consultation with the Union Public Service Commission:

Provided that no such consultation shall be necessary in regard to any such appointment--

(a)      for a period not exceeding one year; or

 

(b)      if the person to be appointed is, at the time of his appointment,--

 

(i)       a member of the Indian Administrative Service, or

 

(ii)      in the service of the Central Government or the Central Board in a Group 'A' or Group 'B' post.

 

(6)     The method of recruitment, salary and allowances, discipline and other conditions of service of the Central Provident Fund Commissioner and the Financial Adviser and Chief Accounts Officer shall be such as may be specified by the Central Government and such salary and allowances shall be paid out of the Provident Fund.

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(7)     ?(a) The method of recruitment, salary and allowances, discipline and other conditions of service of the Additional Central Provident Fund Commissioners, Deputy Provident Fund Commissioners, Regional Provident Fund Commissioners, Assistant Provident Fund Commissioners and other officers and employees of the Central Board shall be such as may be specified by the Central Board in accordance with the rules and orders applicable to the officers and employees of the Central Government drawing corresponding scales of pay:

Provided that where the Central Board is of the opinion that it is necessary to make a departure from the said rules or orders in respect of any of the matters aforesaid, it shall obtain the prior approval of the Central Government:

Provided further that the salary and allowances of the officers specified in this clause shall not exceed the scale of pay respectively provided in the Provident Fund Scheme.

(b)      In determining the corresponding scales of pay of officers and employees under clause (a), the Central Board shall have regard to the educational qualifications, method of recruitment, duties and responsibilities of such officers and employees under the Central Government and in case of any doubt, the Central Board shall refer the matter to the Central Government whose decision thereon shall be final.

Section 15 - Schemes

(1)     The Central Government may, by notification?

 

(a)      frame a scheme to be called the Employees' Provident Fund Scheme for which the provident funds shall be established under this Chapter for employees or for any class of employees and specify the establishments or class of establishments to which the said scheme shall apply;

 

(b)      frame a scheme to be called the Employees' Pension Scheme for the purpose of providing for?

 

(i)       superannuation pension, retiring pension or permanent total disablement pension to the employees of any establishment or class of establishments to which this Chapter applies;

 

(ii)      widow or widower's pension, children pension or orphan pension payable to the beneficiaries of such employees; and

 

(iii)     nominee pension;

 

 

(c)      frame a scheme to be called the Employees' Deposit Linked Insurance Scheme for the purpose of providing life insurance benefits to the employees of any establishment or class of establishments to which this Chapter applies;

 

(d)      frame any other scheme or schemes for the purposes of providing social security benefits under this Code to self-employed workers or any other class of persons; and

 

(e)      modify any scheme referred to in clauses (a), (b), (c) and (d) by adding thereto, amending or varying therein, either prospectively or retrospectively.

 

(2)     Subject to the provisions of this Chapter, the schemes referred to in clauses (a), (b) and (c) of sub-section (1) may provide for all or any of the matters respectively specified in Part A, Part B and Part C of the Fifth Schedule.

 

(3)     The schemes may provide that all or any of its provisions shall take effect either prospectively or retrospectively on and from such date as may be specified in that behalf in the scheme.

Section 16 - Funds

(1)     The Central Government may, for the purposes of?

 

(a)      the Provident Fund Scheme, establish a Provident Fund where the contributions paid by the employer to the fund shall be ten per cent. of the wages for the time being payable to each of the employees (whether employed by him directly or by or through a contactor), and the employee's contribution shall be equal to the contribution payable by the employer in respect of him and may, if any employee so desires, be an amount exceeding ten per cent. of the wages, subject to the condition that the employer shall not be under an obligation to pay any contribution over and above his contribution payable under this section:

Provided that in its application to any establishment or class of establishments which the Central Government, after making such inquiry as it deems fit, may, by notification, specify, this section shall be subject to the modification that for the words "ten per cent." at both the places where they occur, the words "twelve per cent." shall be substituted:

Provided further that the Central Government, after making such inquiry as it deems fit, may, by notification, specify rates of employees? contributions and the period for which such rates shall apply for any class of employee;

(b)      the Pension Scheme, establish a Pension Fund in the manner specified in that scheme by that Government into which there shall be paid, from time to time, in respect of every employee who is a member of the Pension Scheme,--

 

(i)       such sums from the employer's contribution under clause (a) not exceeding eight and one-third per cent. of the wages or such per cent. of wages as may be notified by the Central Government;

 

(ii)      such sums payable as contribution to the Pension Fund, as may be specified in the Pension Scheme, by the employers of the exempted establishments under section 143 to which the pension scheme applies;

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(iii)     such sums as the Central Government after due appropriation by Parliament by law in this behalf, specify;

 

 

(c)      the Insurance Scheme, establish a Deposit-Linked Insurance Fund in the manner specified in that scheme by that Government into which there shall be paid by the employer from time to time in respect of every such employee in relation to whom he is the employer, such amount, not being more than one per cent. of the wages or such per cent. of wages as may be notified by the Central Government for the time being payable in relation to such employee:

Provided that the employer shall pay into the Insurance Fund such further sums of money, not exceeding one-fourth of the contribution which he is required to make under this clause, as the Central Government may, from time to time, determine to meet all the expenses in connection with the administration of the Insurance Scheme other than the expenses towards the cost of any benefits provided by or under the Insurance Scheme.

(2)     The Provident Fund, the Pension Fund and the Insurance Fund shall vest in, and be administered by, the Central Board in such manner as may be specified in the respective schemes.

Section 17 - Contribution in respect of employees and contractors

(1)     The amount of contribution (that is to say, the employer's contribution as well as the employee's contribution in pursuance of any scheme and the employer's contribution in pursuance of the Insurance Scheme) and any charge for meeting the cost of administering the fund paid or payable by an employer in respect of an employee employed by or through a contractor may be recovered by such employer from the contractor, either by deduction from any amount payable to the contractor under any contract or as a debt payable by the contractor.

 

(2)     A contractor from whom the amounts mentioned in sub-section (1) may be recovered in respect of any employee employed by or through him may recover from such employee, the employee's contribution under any scheme by deduction from the wages payable to such employee.

 

(3)     Notwithstanding any contract to the contrary, no contractor shall be entitled to deduct the employer's contribution or the charges referred to in sub-section (1) from the wages payable to an employee employed by or through him or otherwise to recover such contribution or charges from such employee.

Section 18 - Fund to be recognised under Act 43 of 1961

For the purposes of the Income-tax Act, 1961, the Provident Fund shall be deemed to be a recognised provident fund within the meaning of clause (38) of ?that Act:

Provided that nothing contained in the said Act shall operate to render ineffective any provision of the Provident Fund Scheme (under which the Provident Fund is established) which is repugnant to any of the provisions of that Act or of the rules made thereunder.

Section 19 - Priority of payment of contributions over other debts

Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, any amount due under this Chapter shall be the charge on the assets of the establishment to which it relates and shall be paid in priority in accordance with the provisions of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (31 of 2016).

Section 20 - Chapter not to apply to certain establishments

(1)     This Chapter shall not apply?

 

(a)      to any establishment registered under the Co-operative Societies Act, 1912 (2 of 1912) or under any other law for the time being in force in any State relating to co-operative societies employing less than fifty persons and working without the aid of power; or

 

(b)      to any other establishment belonging to or under the control of the Central Government or a State Government and whose employees are entitled to the benefit of contributory provident fund or old age pension in accordance with any scheme or rule framed by the Central Government or the State Government governing such benefits; or

 

(c)      to any other establishment set up under any Central or State or any other law for the time being in force and whose employees are entitled to the benefits of contributory provident fund or old age pension in accordance with any scheme or rule framed under that law governing such benefits; or

 

(d)      to the employees who, immediately before the commencement of this Code, were receiving benefits of Provident Fund under any Central or State enactment.

 

(2)     If the Central Government is of the opinion that having regard to the financial position of any class of establishment or other circumstances of the case, it is necessary or expedient so to do, it may, by notification and subject to such conditions, as may be specified in the notification, exempt, whether prospectively or retrospectively, that class of establishments from the operation of this Chapter for such period as may be specified in the notification.

Section 21 - Authorising certain employers to maintain provident fund accounts

(1)     The Central Government may, on an application made to it in this behalf by the employer and the majority of employees in relation to an establishment employing one hundred or more persons, authorise the employer by an order in writing, to maintain a provident fund account in relation to the establishment, in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government and subject to such terms and conditions as may be specified in the Provident Fund Scheme:

Provided that no authorisation shall be made under this sub-section if the employer of such establishment had committed any default in the payment of provident fund contribution or had committed any other offence under this Code during the three years immediately preceding the date of such authorisation.

(2)     Where an establishment is authorised to maintain a provident fund account under sub-section (1), the employer in relation to such establishment shall maintain such account, submit such return, deposit the contribution in such manner, provide for such facilities for inspection, pay such administrative charges, and abide by such other terms and conditions, as may be specified in the Provident Fund Scheme.

 

(3)     Any authorisation made under this section may be cancelled by the Central Government by order in writing if the employer fails to comply with any of the terms and conditions of the authorisation or where he commits any offence under any provision of this Code:

Provided that before cancelling the authorisation, the Central Government shall give the employer a reasonable opportunity of being heard.

Section 22 - Transfer of accounts

Where an employee,--

(a)      employed in an establishment to which this Chapter applies, relinquishes his employment therefrom and obtains employment in any other establishment to which this Chapter applies or not; or

 

(b)      employed in an establishment to which this Chapter does not apply, relinquishes his employment therefrom and obtains employment in an establishment to which this Chapter applies, then, his accumulated amount in provident fund account or pension account, as the case may be, shall be transferred or dealt with in the manner as may be specified in the Provident Fund Scheme or the Pension Scheme, as the case may be.

Section 23 - Appeal to Tribunal

(1)     Any person aggrieved by an order passed by any authority in regard to the following matters may prefer an appeal to the Tribunal constituted by the Central Government, namely:--

 

(a)      determination and assessment of dues under section 125 relating to Chapter III; and

 

(b)      levy of damages under section 128 relating to Chapter III.

 

(2)     Every appeal under sub-section (1) shall be filed in such form and manner, within such time and accompanied by such fees as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

 

(3)     No appeal under clause (a) of sub-section (1) by the employer shall be entertained by the Tribunal unless he has deposited with Social Security Organisation concerned twenty-five per cent. of the amount due from him as determined by an officer under section 125.

 

(4)     The Tribunal shall endeavour to decide the appeal within a period of one year from the date on which the appeal has been preferred.

Section 24 - Principal Officers and other staff

(1)     The Central Government may appoint a Director General of the Corporation and a Financial Commissioner, who shall be the Principal Officers of the Corporation.

 

(2)     The Director General and the Financial Commissioner shall hold office for such period, not exceeding five years, as may be specified in the order of appointment:

Provided that outgoing Director General or Financial Commissioner, as the case may be, shall be eligible for re-appointment if he is otherwise qualified.

(3)     The Director General or the Financial Commissioner shall receive such salary and allowances as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

 

(4)     The Director General and the Financial Commissioner shall exercise such powers and discharge such duties as may be prescribed by the Central Government and shall perform such other functions as may be specified in the regulations.

 

(5)     A person shall be disqualified from being appointed as or for being the Director General of the Corporation or the Financial Commissioner if he is subject to any of the disqualifications specified in section 8.

 

(6)     The Central Government may at any time remove the Director General of the Corporation or the Financial Commissioner from office and shall do so if such removal is recommended by a resolution of the Corporation passed at a special meeting called for the purpose and supported by the votes of not less than two-third of the total strength of the Corporation.

 

(7)     The Corporation may employ such other officers and employees as may be necessary for the efficient transaction of its business and for discharge of any other responsibilities assigned to the Corporation from time to time by the Central Government:

Provided that the sanction of the Central Government shall be obtained for the creation of any post the maximum monthly salary of which exceeds such salary as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

(8)     ?(a) The method of recruitment, salary and allowances, discipline and other conditions of service of the officers and employees of the Corporation shall be such as may be specified in the regulations in accordance with the rules and orders applicable to the officers and employees of the Central Government drawing corresponding scales of pay:

Provided that the terms and conditions of service including pay and allowances of such posts of medical specialists and super specialists in the Corporation possessing comparable qualifications and expertise, as may be notified by the Central Government, with the equivalent posts of the specialists and super specialists in the All India Institute of Medical Sciences or in the Post Graduate Institutes of Medical Sciences and Research or other similar institutions established by the Central Government, shall respectively be similar:

Provided further that where the Corporation is of the opinion that it is necessary to make a departure from the said rules or orders in respect of any of the matters aforesaid, it shall obtain the prior approval of the Central Government:

Provided also that this sub-section shall not apply to appointment of consultants and specialists in various fields appointed on contract basis.

(b)? ?In determining the corresponding scales of pay of officers and employees under clause (a), the Corporation shall have regard to the educational qualifications, method of recruitment, duties and responsibilities of such officers and employees under the Central Government and in case of any doubt, the Corporation shall refer the matter to the Central Government whose decision thereon shall be final.

(9)     Every appointment to posts (other than medical, nursing or para-medical posts) corresponding to Group 'A' and Group 'B' Gazetted posts under the Central Government shall be made in consultation with the Union Public Service Commission:

Provided that the provisions of this sub-section shall not apply to an officiating or temporary appointment for a period not exceeding one year:

Provided further that any such officiating or temporary appointment shall not confer any claim for regular appointment and the services rendered in that capacity shall not count towards seniority or minimum qualifying service specified in the regulations for promotion to next higher grade.

(10)   If any question arises whether a post corresponds to a Group 'A' and Group 'B' posts under the Central Government, the question shall be referred to that Government whose decision thereon shall be final.

Section 25 - Employees? State Insurance Fund

(1)     All contributions and user charges paid under this Chapter and all other moneys received on behalf of the Corporation shall be paid into a fund (hereinafter referred to as the Employees' State Insurance Fund) which shall be held and administered by the Corporation for the purposes of this Code:

Provided that the user charges collected from the other beneficiaries referred to in section 44 shall be deemed to be contribution and shall form part of Employees' State Insurance Corporation.

(2)     The Corporation may accept grants, donations, Corporate Social Responsibility Fund and gifts from the Central or any State Government, local authority, or any individual or body whether incorporated or not, for all or any of the purposes of this Chapter.

 

(3)     Subject to the other provisions contained in this Code and to any rules or regulations made in this behalf, all moneys accruing or payable to the said Fund shall be deposited in such bank or banks as may be approved by the Central Government to the credit of an account styled the account of the Employees' State Insurance Fund.

 

(4)     The Employees State Insurance Fund or any other money which is held by the Corporation shall be deposited or invested in the manner prescribed by the Central Government and the account referred to in sub-section (3) shall be operated by such officers as may be authorised by the Committee constituted under sub-section (3) of section 5 (hereinafter referred to as the Standing Committee) with the approval of the Corporation.

Section 26 - Purposes for which Employees? State Insurance Fund may be expended

Subject to the provisions of this Chapter and the rules and regulations relating thereto, made under this Code, the Employees' State Insurance Fund shall be expended only for the following purposes, namely:--

(a)      payment of benefits and provision of medical treatment and attendance to Insured Persons referred to in section 28 and, where the medical benefit is extended to their families, the provision of such medical benefit to their families, in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter and the rules and regulations relating thereto and defraying the charges and costs in connection therewith;

 

(b)      payment of fees and allowances to members of the Corporation, the Standing Committee, the Medical Benefit Committee or other Committees thereof;

 

(c)      payment of salaries, leave and joining time allowances, travelling and compensatory allowances, gratuities and compassionate allowances, pensions, contributions to provident or other benefit fund of officers and staff of the Corporation and meeting the expenditure in respect of offices and other services set up for the purpose of giving effect to the provisions of this Code relating to this Chapter;

 

(d)      establishment and maintenance of hospitals, dispensaries and other institutions and the provision of medical and other ancillary services for the benefit of Insured Persons referred to in section 28 and, where the medical benefit is extended to their families;

(e)      payment of contributions to any State Government, local authority or any private body or individual, towards the cost of medical treatment and attendance provided to Insured Persons referred to in section 28 and, where the medical benefit is extended to their families, their families, including the cost of any building and equipment, in accordance with any agreement entered into by the Corporation;

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(f)       defraying the cost (including all expenses) of auditing the accounts of the Corporation and of the valuation of its assets and liabilities;

 

(g)      defraying the cost (including all expenses) of the Employees' Insurance Courts set up under this Chapter;

 

(h)     payment of any sums under any contract entered into for the purposes of this Code by Corporation or the Standing Committee or by any officer duly authorised by the Corporation or the Standing Committee in that behalf;

 

(i)       payment of sums under any decree, order or award of any Court or Tribunal against the Corporation or any of its officers or staff for any act done in the execution of his duty or under a compromise or settlement of any suit or other legal proceeding or claim instituted or made against the Corporation;

 

(j)       defraying the cost and other charges of instituting or defending any civil or criminal proceedings arising out of any action taken under this Code relating to this Chapter;

 

(k)      defraying expenditure, within the limits prescribed by the Central Government after consultation with the Corporation, on measures for the improvement of the health and welfare of Insured Persons and for the rehabilitation and re-employment of Insured Persons referred to in section 28 who have been disabled or injured; and

 

(l)       such other purposes as may be authorised by the Corporation with the previous approval of the Central Government.

Section 27 - Holding of property, etc

(1)     The Corporation may, subject to such conditions as may be prescribed by the Central Government, acquire and hold property, both movable and immovable, sell or otherwise transfer any movable or immovable property which may have become vested in or have been acquired by it and do all things necessary for the purposes for which the Corporation is established.

 

(2)     Subject to such conditions as may be prescribed by the Central Government, the Corporation may from time to time invest any moneys which are not immediately required for expenses properly defrayable under this Code and may, subject to as aforesaid, from time to time re-invest or realise such investments.

 

(3)     The Corporation may, with the previous sanction of the Central Government and on such terms as may be prescribed by it, raise loans and take measures for discharging such loans.

 

(4)     The Corporation may constitute for the benefit of its officers and staff or any class of them, such provident or other benefit fund as it may think fit.

Section 28 - All employees to be insured

(1)     Subject to the provisions of this Code, every employee in an establishment to which this Chapter applies shall be insured in such manner whether electronically or otherwise, as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

 

(2)     An employee whether insured or insurable under sub-section (1) in respect of whom contributions are or were payable and who is by reason thereof, entitled to any of the benefits provided under this Chapter, shall be called "Insured Person".

Section 29 - Contributions

(1)     The contribution payable under this Chapter in respect of an employee shall comprise contribution payable by the employer (hereinafter referred to as the employer's contribution) and contribution payable by the employee (hereinafter referred to as the employee's contribution) and shall be paid to the Corporation.

 

(2)     The contributions (employer's contribution and the employee?s contribution both) shall be paid at such rates as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

 

(3)     The wage period in relation to an employee shall be the unit as specified in the regulations (hereinafter referred to as the wage period) in respect of which all contributions shall be payable under this Chapter.

 

(4)     The contributions payable in respect of each wage period shall ordinarily fall due on the last day of the wage period, and where an employee is employed for part of the wage period, or is employed under two or more employers during the same wage period, the contributions shall fall due on such days as may be specified in the regulations.

Section 30 - Administrative expenses

The types of expenses which may be termed as administrative expenses and the percentage of the income of the Corporation which may be spent for such expenses shall be such as may be prescribed by the Central Government and the Corporation shall keep its administrative expenses within the limit so prescribed by the Central Government.

Section 31 - Provisions as to payment of contributions by employer, etc

(1)     The employer shall pay in respect of every employee, whether directly employed by him or by or through a contractor, both the employer's contribution and the employee's contribution.

 

(2)     Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, but subject to the provisions of this Code and the rules and regulations, if any, made thereunder in this behalf, the employer shall, in the case of an employee directly employed by him (not being an exempted employee), be entitled to recover from the employee the employee's contribution by reduction from his wages and not otherwise:

Provided that no such deduction shall be made from any wages other than such as relates to the period or part of the period in respect of which the contribution is payable or in excess of the sum representing the employee's contribution for the period.

(3)     Notwithstanding any contract to the contrary, neither the employer nor the contractor shall be entitled to deduct the employer's contribution from any wages payable to an employee or otherwise to recover it from him.

 

(4)     Any sum deducted by the employer from wages under this Chapter shall be deemed to have been entrusted to him by the employee for the purpose of paying the contribution in respect of which it was deducted.

 

(5)     The employer shall bear the expenses of remitting the contributions to the Corporation.

 

(6)     An employer, who has paid contribution in respect of an employee employed by or through a contractor, shall be entitled to recover the amount of the contribution so paid (that is to say the employer's contribution as well as the employee's contribution, if any,) from the contractor, either by deduction from any amount payable to him by the employer under any contract, or as a debt payable by the contractor.

 

(7)     The contractor shall maintain a register of employees employed by or through him as provided in the regulations and submit the same to the employer before the settlement of any amount payable under sub-section (6).

 

(8)     In the case referred to in sub-section (6), the contractor shall be entitled to recover the employee's contribution from the employee employed by or through him by deduction from wages and not otherwise, subject to such conditions as specified in the proviso to sub-section (2).

 

(9)     Subject to the provisions of this Code, the Corporation may make regulations for any matter relating or incidental to the payment and collection of contributions payable under this Chapter.

Section 32 - Benefits

(1)     Subject to the provisions of this Code, the Insured Persons, their dependants or the persons hereinafter mentioned, as the case may be, shall be entitled to the following benefits, namely:--

 

(a)      periodical payments to any Insured Person in case of his sickness certified by a duly appointed medical practitioner or by any other person possessing such qualifications and experience as the Corporation may, by the regulations, specify in this behalf (hereinafter referred to as sickness benefit);

 

(b)      periodical payments to an Insured Person being a woman in case of confinement or miscarriage or sickness arising out of pregnancy, confinement, premature birth of child or miscarriage, such woman being certified to be eligible for such payments by an authority specified in this behalf by the regulations (hereinafter referred to as maternity benefit);

(c)      periodical payments to an Insured Person suffering from disablement as a result of an employment injury sustained by him as an employee for the purposes of this Chapter and certified to be eligible for such payments by an authority specified in this behalf by the regulations (hereinafter referred to as disablement benefit);

 

(d)      periodical payments to such dependants of an Insured Person who dies as a result of an employment injury sustained by him as an employee for the purposes of this Chapter, as are entitled under this Chapter (hereinafter referred to as dependants' benefit);

 

(e)      medical treatment for and attendance on Insured Persons (hereinafter referred to as medical benefit); and

 

(f)       payment to the eldest surviving member of the family of an Insured Person who has died, towards the expenditure on the funeral of the deceased Insured Person, or, where the Insured Person did not have a family or was not living with his family at the time of his death, to the person who actually incurs the expenditure on the funeral of the deceased Insured Person (to be known as funeral expenses):

Provided that the amount of payment under this clause shall not exceed such amount as may be prescribed by the Central Government and the claim for such payment shall be made within three months of the death of the Insured Person or within such extended period as the Corporation or any officer or authority authorised by it in this behalf may allow.

(2)     The Corporation may, subject to such conditions as may be laid down in the regulations, extend the medical benefits to the family of an Insured Person.

 

(3)     The qualification of a person to claim sickness benefit, maternity benefit, disablement benefit and dependants' benefit and the conditions subject to which such benefit may be given and the rate and period thereof, shall be such as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

 

(4)     Subject to the provisions of this Code and the rules made thereunder relating to this Chapter, the Corporation may make regulations for any matter relating or incidental to the accrual and payment of benefits payable under this Chapter.

Section 33 - Corporation?s power to promote measures for health, etc., of Insured Persons

The Corporation may, in addition to the benefits specified in this Chapter, promote measures for the improvement of the health and welfare of Insured Persons and for the rehabilitation and re-employment of Insured Persons who have been disabled or injured and may incur in respect of such measures, expenditure from the Employees' State Insurance Fund within such limits as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

Section 34 - Presumption as to accident arising in course of employment

(1)     For the purposes of this Chapter, an accident arising in the course of an employee's employment shall be presumed, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, to have arisen out of that employment.

 

(2)     An accident happening to an employee in or about any premises at which he is for the time being employed for the purpose of his employer's trade or business shall be deemed to arise out of and in the course of his employment, if it happens while he is taking steps, on an actual or supposed emergency at those premises, to rescue, succour or protect persons who are, or are thought to be or possibly to be, injured or imperilled, or to avert or minimise serious damage to property.

 

(3)     An accident occurring to an employee while commuting from his residence to the place of employment for duty or from the place of employment to his residence after performing duty, shall be deemed to have arisen out of and in the course of employment if nexus between the circumstances, time and place in which the accident occurred and the employment is established.

 

(4)     An accident happening while an employee is, with the express or implied permission of his employer, travelling as a passenger by any vehicle to or from his place of work shall, notwithstanding that he is under no obligation to his employer to travel by that vehicle, be deemed to arise out of and in the course of his employment, if?

 

(a)      the accident would have been deemed so to have arisen had he been under such obligation; and

 

(b)      at the time of the accident, the vehicle?

 

(i)       is being operated by or on behalf of his employer or some other person by whom it is provided in pursuance of arrangements made with his employer; and

 

(ii)      is not being operated in the ordinary course of public transport service.

Explanation.--In this section, "vehicle" includes a vessel and an aircraft.

Section 35 - Accidents happening while acting in breach of law, etc

An accident shall be deemed to arise out of and in the course of an employee's employment notwithstanding that he is at the time of the accident acting in contravention of the provisions of any law applicable to him, or of any orders given by or on behalf of his employer or that he is acting without instructions from his employer, if--

(a)      the accident would have been deemed so to have arisen had the act not been done in contravention as aforesaid or without instructions from his employer, as the case may be; and

 

(b)      the act is done for the purpose of and in connection with the employer's trade or business.

Section 36 - Occupational disease

(1)     If an employee employed in any employment specified in Part A of the Third Schedule contracts any disease specified therein as an occupational disease peculiar to that employment, or if an employee employed in the employment specified in Part B of that Schedule for a continuous period of not less than six months contracts any disease specified therein as an occupational disease peculiar to that employment or if an employee employed in any employment specified in Part C of that Schedule for such continuous period as the Corporation may specify by regulations in respect of each such employment, contracts any disease specified in such Part C as an occupational disease peculiar to that employment, the contracting of the disease shall, unless the contrary is proved, be deemed to be an "employment injury ", arising out of and in the course of employment.

 

(2)     Save as provided by sub-section (1), no benefit shall be payable to an employee in respect of any disease unless the disease is directly attributable to a specific injury by accident arising out of and in the course of his employment.

 

(3)     The provisions of sub-section (1) of section 34 shall not apply to the cases to which this section applies.

Section 37 - References to medical board

(1)     Any question?

 

(a)      whether the relevant accident has resulted in permanent disablement; or

 

(b)      whether the extent of loss of earning capacity can be assessed provisionally or finally; or

 

(c)      whether the assessment of the proportion of the loss of earning capacity is provisional or final; or

 

(d)      in the case of provisional assessment, as to the period for which such assessment shall hold good, shall be determined by a medical board constituted in accordance with the provisions of the regulations (hereinafter referred to as medical board) and any such question shall hereafter be referred to as the "disablement question".

 

(2)     The case of any Insured Person for permanent disablement benefit shall be referred by the Corporation to a medical board for determination of the disablement in question and if, on that or any subsequent reference, the extent of loss of earning capacity of the Insured Person is provisionally assessed, it shall again be so referred to the medical board not later than the end of the period taken into account by the provisional assessment.

 

(3)     Any decision under this Chapter of a medical board may be reviewed at any time by the medical board if it is satisfied by fresh evidence that the decision was given in consequence of the non-disclosure or misrepresentation by the employee or any other person of a material fact whether the non-disclosure or misrepresentation was or was not fraudulent.

 

(4)     Any assessment of the extent of the disablement resulting from the relevant employment injury may also be reviewed by a medical board if it is satisfied that since the making of the assessment there has been a substantial and unforeseen aggravation of the results of the relevant injury:

Provided that an assessment shall not be reviewed under this sub-section unless the medical board is of the opinion, having regard to the period taken into account by the assessment and the probable duration of the aggravation aforesaid, that substantial injustice will be done by not reviewing it.

(5)     Except with the leave of a medical appeal tribunal constituted by regulations, an assessment shall not be reviewed under sub-section (4) on any application made less than five years, or in the case of a provisional assessment, six months, from the date thereof and on such a review the period to be taken into account by any revised assessment shall not include any period before the date of the application.

 

(6)     Subject to the foregoing provisions of this section, a medical board may deal with a case of review in any manner in which it could deal with it on an original reference to it, and in particular may make a provisional assessment notwithstanding that the assessment under review was final and the provisions of sub-section (2) shall apply to an application for review under this sub-section and to a decision of a medical board in connection with such application as they apply to a case for disablement benefit under that sub-section and to a decision of the medical board in connection with such case.

 

(7)     (a) If the Insured Person or the Corporation is aggrieved by any decision of the medical board, the Insured Person or the Corporation, as the case may be, may appeal in such manner and within such time as may be prescribed by the Central Government to?

 

(i)       the medical appeal tribunal constituted in accordance with the provisions of the regulations; or

 

(ii)      the Employees' Insurance Court directly:

Provided that no appeal by an Insured Person shall lie under this sub-section if such person has applied for commutation of disablement benefit on the basis of the decision of the medical board and received the commuted value of such benefits:

Provided further that no appeal by the Corporation shall lie under this sub-section if the Corporation paid the commuted value of the disablement benefit on the basis of the decision of the medical board.

(b)? ?Where the Insured Person or the Corporation preferred appeal to the medical appeal tribunal under sub-clause (i) of clause (a) instead of to the Employees' Insurance Court under sub-clause (ii) of that clause, then, he or it, as the case may be, shall have the further right to file second appeal to the Employees' Insurance Court in such manner and within such time as may be prescribed by the appropriate Government.

Section 38 - Dependants' benefit

(1)     If an Insured Person dies as a result of an employment injury sustained as an employee under this Chapter (whether or not he was in receipt of any periodical payment for temporary disablement in respect of the injury), dependants' benefit shall be payable to his dependants specified in sub-clause (a) and sub-clause (b) of clause (24) of section 2 at such rates and for such periods and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

 

(2)     In case the Insured Person dies without leaving behind him the dependants as aforesaid, the dependants' benefit shall be paid to the other dependants of the deceased at such rates and for such periods and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

 

(3)     Any decision awarding dependants' benefit under this Chapter may be reviewed at any time by the Corporation if it is satisfied by fresh evidence that the decision was given in consequence of non-disclosure or misrepresentation by the claimant or any other person of a material fact (whether the non-disclosure or misrepresentation was or was not fraudulent) or that the decision is no longer in accordance with this Chapter due to any birth or death or due to the marriage, re-marriage, or ceasing of infirmity, or attainment of the age of twenty-five years by, a claimant.

 

(4)     Subject to the provisions of this Chapter, the Corporation may, on such review under sub-section (3), direct that the dependants' benefit be continued, increased, reduced or discontinued.

Section 39 - Medical benefit

(1)     An Insured Person or (where such medical benefit is extended to his family) a member of his family whose condition requires medical treatment and attendance shall be entitled to receive medical benefit.

 

(2)     Such medical benefit may be given either in the form of out-patient treatment and attendance in a hospital or dispensary, clinic or other institution or by visits to the home of the Insured Person or treatment as in-patient in a hospital or other institution.

 

(3)     The qualification of an Insured Person and (where such medical benefit is extended to his family) his family, to claim medical benefit and the conditions subject to which such benefit may be given, the scale and period thereof shall be such as may be prescribed by the Central Government:

Provided that a person in respect of whom contribution ceases to be payable under this Chapter may be allowed medical benefit for such period and of such nature as may be provided by the regulations:

Provided further that an Insured Person who has attained the age of superannuation, a person who retires under a Voluntary Retirement Scheme or takes premature retirement, and his spouse shall be eligible to receive medical benefits subject to payment of contribution and such other conditions as may be specified in the regulations:

Provided also that an Insured Person who ceases to be in insurable employment on account of permanent disablement caused due to employment injury shall continue to receive medical benefits, subject to payment of contribution and other conditions as may be prescribed by the Central Government:

Provided also that the conditions for grant of medical benefits to the Insured Person during employment injury shall be as specified in the regulations.

(4)     (a) The Corporation may establish medical education institutions, including colleges, dental colleges, nursing colleges and the training institutes for its officers and staff with a view to improve the quality of their services.

(b) ??The medical education institutions referred to in clause (a) shall require its students to furnish a bond for serving the Corporation for such time and in such manner, as may be specified in the regulations.

(5)     The medical education institutions and training institutes referred to in sub-section (4) may be run by the Corporation itself or on the request of the Corporation, by the Central Government, any State Government, Public Sector Undertaking of the Central Government or the State Government or any other body notified by the Central Government.

Explanation.--For the purposes of this sub-section, the expression "other body" means any such organisation of persons which the Central Government considers capable to run colleges and training institutions referred to in sub-section (4).

(6)     The Corporation may, in order to take preventive and curative measures for welfare of the Insured Persons, carry out such occupational and epidemiological surveys and studies for assessment of health and working conditions of Insured Persons in such manner as may be specified in the regulations.

Section 40 - Provision of medical treatment by State Government or by Corporation

(1)     The State Government shall provide for Insured Persons and (where such benefit is extended to their families) their families in the State, reasonable medical, surgical and obstetric treatment:

Provided that the State Government may, with the approval of the Corporation, arrange for medical treatment at clinics of medical practitioners on such scale and subject to such terms and conditions as may be agreed upon.

(2)     Where the incidence of sickness benefit payment to Insured Persons in any State is found to exceed the all-India average, the amount of such excess shall be shared between the Corporation and the State Government in such proportion as may be fixed by agreement between them:

Provided that the Corporation may in any case waive the recovery of the whole or any part of the share which is to be borne by the State Government.

(3)     The Corporation may enter into an agreement with a State Government in regard to the nature and scale of the medical treatment that should be provided to Insured Persons and (where such medical benefit is extended to the families) their families (including provision of buildings, equipment, medicines, and staff) and for the sharing of the cost thereof and of any excess in the incidence of sickness benefit to Insured Persons between the Corporation and the State Government.

 

(4)     In default of agreement between the Corporation and any State Government as aforesaid, the nature and extent of the medical treatment to be provided by the State Government and the proportion in which the cost thereof and of the excess in the incidence of sickness benefit shall be shared between the Corporation and that Government, shall be determined by an arbitrator who shall be appointed by the Central Government in consultation with the State Government.

 

(5)     The State Government may, in addition to the Corporation under this Code, with the previous approval of the Central Government, establish such organisation (by whatever name called) to provide for certain benefits to employees in case of sickness, maternity and employment injury:

Provided that any reference to the State Government in this Code relating to this Chapter shall also include reference to the organisation as and when such organisation is established by the State Government.

(6)     The organisation referred to in sub-section (5) shall have such structure, discharge functions, exercise powers and undertake such activities as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

 

(7)     The Corporation may establish and maintain in a State such hospitals, dispensaries and other medical and surgical services as it may think fit for the benefit of Insured Persons and (where such medical benefit is extended to their families), their families.

 

(8)     The Corporation may enter into agreement with any local authority, private body or individual in regard to the provision of medical treatment and attendance for Insured Persons and (where such medical benefit is extended to their families) their families, in any area and sharing the cost thereof.

 

(9)     The Corporation may also enter into agreement with any local authority, local body or private body for commissioning and running Employees' State Insurance hospitals through third party participation for providing medical treatment and attendance to Insured Persons and (where such medical benefit has been extended to their families), to their families.

 

(10)   Notwithstanding anything contained in any other provision of this Chapter, the Corporation may, in consultation with the State Government, undertake the responsibility for providing medical benefit to Insured Persons and (where such medical benefit is extended to their families), to the families of such Insured Persons in the State subject to the condition that the State Government shall share the cost of such medical benefit in such proportion as may be agreed upon between the State Government and the Corporation.

 

(11)   In the event of the Corporation exercising its power under sub-section (10), the provisions relating to medical benefit under this Chapter shall apply, so far as may be, as if a reference therein to the State Government were a reference to the Corporation.

 

(12)   Notwithstanding anything contained in this Code, in respect of establishments located in the States where medical benefit is provided by the Corporation, the Central Government shall be the appropriate Government.

Section 41 - General provisions as to benefits

(1)     Save as may be provided in the regulations, no person shall be entitled to commute for a lump sum any disablement benefit admissible under this Chapter.

 

(2)     Save as may be provided in the regulations, no person shall be entitled to sickness benefit or disablement benefit for temporary disablement on any day on which he works or remains on leave or on a holiday in respect of which he receives wages or on any day on which he remains on strike.

 

(3)     A person who is in receipt of sickness benefit or disablement benefit (other than benefit granted on permanent disablement)?

 

(a)      shall remain under medical treatment at a dispensary, hospital, clinic or other institution provided under this Chapter, and shall carry out the instructions given by the medical officer or medical attendant in-charge thereof;

 

(b)      shall not while under treatment do anything which might retard or prejudice his chances of recovery;

 

(c)      shall not leave the area in which medical treatment provided by this Chapter is being given, without the permission of the medical officer, medical attendant or such other authority as may be specified in this behalf by the regulations; and

 

(d)      shall allow himself to be examined by any duly appointed medical officer or other person authorised by the Corporation in this behalf.

 

(4)     An Insured Person shall not be entitled to receive for the same period?

 

(a)      both sickness benefit and maternity benefit; or

 

(b)      both sickness benefit and disablement benefit for temporary disablement; or

 

(c)      both maternity benefit and disablement benefit for temporary disablement.

 

(5)     Where a person is entitled to more than one of the benefits mentioned in sub-section (4), he shall be entitled to choose which benefit he shall receive.

 

(6)     If a person dies during any period for which he is entitled to a cash benefit under this Chapter, the amount of such benefit up to and including the day of his death shall be paid to any person nominated by the deceased person in writing in such form as may be specified in the regulations or, if there is no such nomination, to the heir or legal representative of the deceased person.

 

 

(7)     (a) Any person eligible for availing dependant or disablement benefit under this Chapter shall not be entitled to claim Employees? Compensation from his employer under Chapter VII.

(b) ??Any women employee eligible for availing maternity benefit under this Chapter shall not be entitled to claim maternity benefit from her employer under Chapter VI.

(8)     Where any person has received any benefit or payment under this Chapter when he is not lawfully entitled thereto, he shall be liable to repay to the Corporation the value of the benefit or the amount of such payment, or in the case of death, his legal representative shall be liable to repay the same from the assets of the deceased devolved on him.

 

(9)     The value of any benefits received other than cash payments shall be determined by such authority as may be specified in the regulations made in this behalf and the decision of such authority shall be final.

 

(10)   The amount recoverable under this section may be recovered in the manner specified under sections 129 to 132.

Section 42 - Corporation?s rights when an employer fails to register, etc

(1)     If any employer,--

 

(a)      fails or neglects to insure under section 28, an employee at the time of his appointment or within such extended period as may be prescribed by the Central Government, as a result of which the employee becomes disentitled to any benefit under this Chapter; or

 

(b)      insures under section 28, an employee on or after the date of accident which resulted in personal injury to such employee which has the effect of making such employee disentitled to receive any dependant benefit or disablement benefit from the Corporation; or

(c)      fails or neglects to pay any contribution which under this Chapter he is liable to pay in respect of any employee and by reason thereof such employee becomes disentitled to any benefit or becomes entitled to a benefit on a lower scale, then, the Corporation may, on being satisfied in the manner prescribed by the Central Government that the benefit is payable to the employee, pay to the employee benefit at such rate to which he is entitled or would have been entitled if the failure or neglect would not have occurred, and the Corporation shall be entitled to recover from the employer, subject to the employer being given an opportunity of being heard, the capitalised value of the benefit paid to the employee, to be calculated in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government:

Provided that the capitalised value to be calculated may be adjusted for the payment of any contribution and interest or damages that the employer is liable to pay for delay in the payment of or non-payment of such contribution.

(2)     The amount recoverable under this section may be recovered as if it were an arrear of land revenue or recovered in the manner specified under sections 129 to 132.

Section 43 - Liability of owner or occupier of factories, etc., for excessive sickness benefit

(1)     Where the Corporation considers that the incidence of sickness among Insured Persons is excessive by reason of?

 

(a)      insanitary working conditions in a factory or other establishment or the neglect of the owner or occupier of the factory or other establishment to observe any health regulations enjoined on him by or under any enactment for the time being in force, or

 

(b)      insanitary conditions of any tenements or lodgings occupied by Insured Persons and such insanitary conditions are attributable to the neglect of the owner of the tenements or lodgings to observe any health regulations enjoined on him by or under any enactments for the time being in force, then, the Corporation may send to the owner or occupier of the factory or other establishment or to the owner of the tenements or lodgings, as the case may be, a claim for the payment of the amount of the extra expenditure incurred by the Corporation as sickness benefit; and if the claim is not settled by agreement, the Corporation may refer the matter, with a statement in support of its claim, to the appropriate Government.

(2)     If the appropriate Government is of the opinion that a prima facie case for inquiry is made out, it may appoint a competent person or persons to hold an inquiry into the matter referred under sub-section (1).

 

(3)     If upon inquiry under sub-section (2), it is proved to the satisfaction of the person or persons holding the inquiry that the excess in incidence of sickness among the Insured Persons is due to the default or neglect of the owner or occupier of the factory or other establishment or the owner of the tenements or lodgings, as the case may be, the said person or persons shall determine, the amount of the extra expenditure incurred as sickness benefit as well as the person or persons by whom the whole or any part of such amount shall be paid to the Corporation.

 

(4)     A determination under sub-section (3) may be enforced as if it were a decree for payment of money passed in a suit by a Civil Court.

 

(5)     For the purposes of this section, "owner" of tenements or lodgings shall include any agent of the owner and any person who is entitled to collect the rent of the tenements or lodgings as a lessee of the owner.

Section 44 - Scheme for other beneficiaries

Notwithstanding anything contained in this Chapter, the Central Government may, by notification, frame, amend, vary or rescind scheme for other beneficiaries and the members of their families for providing medical facility in any hospital established by the Corporation in any area which is underutilised on payment of user charges, and prescribe the terms and conditions subject to which the scheme may be operated.

Explanation.--For the purposes of this section,--

(a)      "other beneficiaries" means persons other than employees insured under section 28;

 

(b)      "underutilised hospital" means any hospital not fully utilised by the employees insured under section 28; and

 

(c)      "user charges" means the amount which is to be charged from other beneficiaries for medical facilities as may be specified in the regulations after prior approval of the Central Government.

Section 45 - Schemes for unorganised workers, gig workers and platform workers

(1)     Notwithstanding anything contained in this Chapter, the Central Government may, by notification, frame scheme for unorganised workers, gig workers and platform workers and the members of their families for providing benefits admissible under this Chapter by the Corporation.

 

(2)     The contribution, user charges, scale of benefits, qualifying and eligibility conditions and other terms and conditions subject to which the scheme may be operated shall be such as may be specified in the scheme.