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Khatki Ahmed Mushabhai v. Limdi Municipality

Khatki Ahmed Mushabhai
v.
Limdi Municipality

(Supreme Court Of India)

CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION Special Leave Petition (Civil) No. 2939 of 1978 | 20-11-1978


KRISHNA IYER, J.

1. The petitioners counsel, in his fighting submission, argues that his clients fundamental right to a licence for a meat shop has been flouted by the little Limdi Municipality, founding himself on a decision of this Court in Mohd. Faruk, v. M. P. State ([1978] I SCR 156.). That decision hardly helps. There a byelaw was challenged as violative of Art 19(1)(g). Here there is no law whatever which bans the grant of meat licences. Indeed, there are three other licensed meat stalls and the petitioner himself had a meat licence in a shop leased to him by the same Municipality earlier which by efflux of time had expired. The law vests a discretion to he reasonably exercised in the content of citizens fundamental right. The ground on which the Municipal body has refused licence here is not irrelevant and cannot be described as unreasonable within the meaning of Art. 19(6) of the Constitution. The bye-laws permit the municipality, as the licensing authority, to grant or to refuse licences. No butcher, baker or circus manager can say that he has the, unqualified right to get a licence on mere application. It is open to the licensing council indeed, is obligatory on its part to take note of all relevant circumstances and then decide whether, in the particular spot chosen by the particular applicant" a licence should be granted. Various factors enter the verdict and the local authorities are the best judge of these factual factors, not the court, especially this Court sitting at the third tier.The, Limdi Municipality is stated to be a small one with a population of around 25000. It is admitted that there are three licensed meat vendors including one who is the father of the petitioner. The claim of the petitioner is for a fourth licence. It is quite conceivable that the fourth may be supernumerary. It is quite understandable that the municipality may think that it is not reasonable to gr ant licence to the same person or one for the father and another for the son. Moreover, we cannot dismiss as irrelevant or obnoxious the consideration the strong feelings of the local people resulting in law and order problems. The proximity to schools, public institutions and also residents of the locality plus the reaction or impact on those institutions and residents maybe germane from peace-keeping and welfare oriented view-points. We agree that local bodies should not succumb to religious susceptibilities or fanatical sentiments in secular India and refuse licences where fundamental rights have to be respected. Even so, in the, totality of circumstances present in the present case, it is not possible for us to postulate that there has been an abuse of discretion or a perverse use of power. In this view, we decline to interfere. Certainly, the municipal authority will take care to be alert and alive to the fundamental right of citizens and not refuse licences merely scared by mob sentiment or panicked by religious reaction.

2. In the instant case there is a composite lease-cum cum-lease of a meat shop and licence for carrying on trade in mutton. There is no obligation on the part of the municipality to grant a lease of its property to any one who asks for it merely for the asking. Granting a lease solely because some one offers a large donation to the municipality as nearly happened here, may not be correct, which this local body will note. If the refusal of the lease or its renewal cannot be faulted, the question of grant of the licence does not arise. In this view also we find it difficult to accede to the argument of the petitioner.We agree t hat municipal discretion should be exercised rationally, not religiously nor ritually, but we also realize that judicial discretion should go into anxiously, not impetuously nor in disregard of the pragmatic guideline that local authorities a re the best judges of local conditions. Of course, if irrelevant criteria or perverse application vitate the decision courts will guardian the rule of law against little tyrants trampling over peoples rights or local factions fouling the councils verdict.

3. The Special Leave Petition is, therefore, dismissed.

4. Petition dismissed.

Advocates List

M. V. Gowswami, P. M. Raval, P. H. Parekh, C. B. Singh and M. Mudgal, Advocates.

For Petitioner
  • Shekhar Naphade
  • Mahesh Agrawal
  • Tarun Dua
For Respondent
  • S. Vani
  • B. Sunita Rao
  • Sushil Kumar Pathak

Bench List

HON'BLE JUSTICE V. R. KRISHNA IYER

HON'BLE JUSTICE P. N. SHINGHAL

HON'BLE JUSTICE A. P. SEN

Eq Citation

[1979] 2 SCR 338

(1979) 20 GLR 370

(1979) 1 SCC 248

AIR 1979 SC 418

LQ/SC/1978/343

HeadNote

— Administrative Law — Administrative Action — Administrative discretion — Exercise of — Municipal discretion — Exercise of — Meat shop licence — Composite leasecumcumlease of a meat shop and licence for carrying on trade in mutton — Limdi Municipality, a small one with a population of around 25000 — Three licensed meat vendors including one who is the father of the petitioner — Claim of the petitioner is for a fourth licence — Strong feelings of the local people resulting in law and order problems — Proximity to schools, public institutions and also residents of the locality plus the reaction or impact on those institutions and residents maybe germane from peacekeeping and welfare oriented viewpoints — Local bodies should not succumb to religious susceptibilities or fanatical sentiments in secular India and refuse licences where fundamental rights have to be respected — Even so in the totality of circumstances present in the present case it is not possible for us to postulate that there has been an abuse of discretion or a perverse use of power — Certainly the municipal authority will take care to be alert and alive to the fundamental right of citizens and not refuse licences merely scared by mob sentiment or panicked by religious reaction (Para 1) Constitution of India, Arts. 19 and 196