1. The applicant is a practising advocate at Wardha, while the non-applicant 1 was functioning as a Judicial Magistrate, First Class, at Wardha and non-applicant 2 is the registered clerk of another advocate Shri Dave from Wardha. Non-applicant 3 is the State of Maharashtra.

2. In Criminal Case No. 237 of 1976 under the Bombay Prohibition Act pending in the Court of the Judicial Magistrate, First Class, Wardha, the accused Manohar was represented by advocate Shri Dave. At the material time in July, 1976 Shri Meshram who was the Judge presiding over the said Court, had ordered release of accused Manohar on bail on his executing a surety for Rs. 500/- with P. R. Bond in the like amount. However, on 3-7-1976 on which date the surety was to be furnished in the Court, the counsel of the accused Shri Dave was out of station. The non-applicant 2 Baban was the registered clerk of Shri Dave advocate. He prepared an affidavit of the surety and an application of the surety. The surety named in the said application and affidavit was one Janardhan Murari Kolhe, resident of Nanbardi. However, the affidavit had to be endorsed by an advocate to identify the person swearing the affidavit, that is to say, identification in respect of Janardhan Murari Kolhe was necessary. Non-applicant 2 Baban as registered clerk of Shri Dave requested the applicant Brijendrakumar Mishra, who is another advocate and known to Shri Dave to identify the surety on the affidavit so that the affidavit and the application could be approved without undue delay. The applicant, therefore, identified the surety. Initially the affidavit and the endorsement was written in the hand of the non-applicant 2 Baban. However, at the time of actually signing the said identification certificate, the applicant endorsed as follows :

"I know Janardhan Murari Kolhe, resident of Nanbardi, introduced by Baban Ratnaparkhi clerk to Dave advocate."

The applicant put his signature thereunder. The application for the surety and his affidavit were then tendered before Shri Pawade, who was at the material time Senior Clerk to the Chief Judicial Magistrate, Wardha. On the basis of the identification made by the applicant advocate, the said Shri Pawade accepted the surety and the accused Manohar was thereafter released on bail.

3. It appears that after his release the accused Manohar remained absent. The trial court then issued notice to the surety Janardhan Kolhe. On 12-12-1980 the surety appeared before the Court and disclosed that he had never stood surety for accused Manohar; that he does not know accused Manohar and that the signatures on the application for surety and affidavit in support thereof are not his.

4. An enquiry was instituted before the Chief Judicial Magistrate, Wardha, who recorded the statements of several witnesses. Thereafter enquiry papers were handed over to the Criminal Investigation Department and upon receipt of the report from the said Department, the Judicial Magistrate, First Class, Wardha, instituted a complaint case against the applicant as well as Baban on 16-7-1982. It is registered as Criminal (Complaint) Case No. 115 of 1982. On the same day i.e. 16-7-1982, the trial Court issued the process against both the accused under Sections 193, 467, 468, 471 and 420, Penal Code, read with S. 34, Penal Code. The trial Court posted the case on 31-7-1982 for appearance of both the parties.

5. Immediately thereafter the applicant Brijendrakumar preferred this petition under S. 482, Criminal P.C. invoking the inherent powers of this Court to quash the proceedings against him in the complaint case on the ground that there is no basis for proceeding further against him under any of the charges. This Court issued rule on 28-7-1982 and directed stay of further proceedings of the trial Court. During the pendency of this petition, the applicant was directed to move an application for discharge before the trial Court while this application was kept pending. Accordingly the applicant moved an application before the trial Court vide Exhibit-18, praying for cancellation of the registration of the complaint as regards the applicant.

6. For one reason or the other, the application could not be decided earlier. However, by an order dated 7-7-1983, the trial Court rejected the application for discharge. The trial Court held that in its opinion the material on record and the documents and the list of witnesses produced along with the complaint show that there is a prima facie case made out against both the accused.

7. It is in the light of these circumstances that the applicants counsel again mentioned the matter for final hearing.

8. Shri V. G. Palshikar appears for the applicant, while the complainant Judicial Magistrate, First Class, non-applicant 1 as well as the State of Maharashtra non-applicant 3 are represented by Shri V. V. Naik, A.G.P.P. Non-applicant 2 Baban, who is the co-accused of the applicant in the complaint case is duly served.

9. I have heard the counsel of both the parties and I have carefully gone through the record of the complaint, case as well as the statements of witnesses recorded during the enquiry conducted by the trial Court. The original record and documents have been placed before me as they were requisitioned from the trial Court.

10. I have already narrated the facts and circumstances under which the complaint case came to be lodged. The principal allegations in the entire complaint are against the accused Baban, non-applicant 2 here, that it is he who was interested in the case of accused Manohar and securing his surety. It is accused Baban who was the registered clerk of advocate Dave. It is accused Baban who in the absence of advocate Dave approached the applicant advocate Brijendrakumar and secured identification endorsement on the affidavit of the surety. However, at the end of para 5 of the complaint, the trial Court has narrated five incriminating circumstances against both the accused. They are as follows :

1. That the body writings and the signature in the application for bail dated 3-7-1976 by the alleged Janardhan son of Murari Kolhe, cultivator of Nanbardi, District Wardha for accepting his surety is in the handwriting of the accused Baban.

2. That the body writings and the signatures in the affidavit by the alleged Janardhan son of Murari Kolhe, are in the handwriting of the accused Baban.

3. That the signature in the declaration of the alleged Janardhan son of Murari Kolhe in respect of Manohar son of Kaliprasad is in the handwriting of the accused Baban.

4. The accused 1 Baban and 2 B. K. Mishra falsely produced one wrong person before the Senior Clerk Shri Pawade of the Court of the then J.M.F.C. Shri Meshram at the time of verification and swearing contends of the affidavits.

5. That accused 2 dishonestly identified the wrong person in the affidavit as Janardhan son of Murari Kolhe of Nanbardi and falsely attested his signature with the knowledge that the signatures in question were made by accused 1 and not the said Janardhan and thus fabricated false evidence.

11. Of the five circumstances, the first three circumstances are exclusively against the accused Baban. The remaining two circumstances tend to implicate the applicant-accused also. The fourth circumstance is that both the accused Baban and accused Brijendrakumar falsely produced one wrong person before the Senior Clerk Shri Pawade of the Chief Judicial Magistrate at the time of verification and swearing the contents of the affidavit and the other circumstance at serial No. 5 is that accused 2 Brijendrakumar dishonestly identified the wrong person in the affidavit as Janardhan Kolhe and falsely attested his signature with the knowledge that the signatures in question were made by accused 1 Baban and not the said Janardhan and thus fabricated false evidence. It is these two circumstances which tend to implicate the second accused, Brijendrakumar, who is the present applicant.

12. Perusal of the statement of Pawade, the Clerk to the Chief Judicial Magistrate, in term states that he does not remember whether when the surety had come before him for acceptance of his surety and affidavit, advocate Mishra or Baban had accompanied him or not. In view of this material during the investigation, it cannot be said that there is any substance in the charge that the accused Brijendrakumar had at any time presented a false person for acceptance of surety.

13. The only other circumstance against the applicant-accused is that he dishonestly identified a wrong person as Janardhan Kolhe with the knowledge that the person in question was not the said Janardhan. In my opinion, even this charge is baseless in view of the identification endorsement made by the applicant himself. On the original affidavit on the back side, the applicant has identified Janardhan Kolhe in the following words : "I know Janardhan Murari Kolhe, resident of Nanbardi as introduced by Baban Ratnaparkhi, clerk to Dave advocate". It is thus obvious from this endorsement that the applicant advocate while endorsing the identification certificate was implicitly relying on the introduction made of that person by the co-accused Baban and it is in these circumstances that he has put his signature under the identification endorsement. It does not show any dishonest or criminal intention on the part of the applicant in identifying the surety, who was introduced to him by the other accused Baban as Janardhan Kolhe.

14. At the same time, it may be said that identification of an individual on an affidavit by a counsel is a matter of serious concern and the advocate concerned should not lightly endorse the identification certificate without first satisfying himself about the identity of the person. However, in dealing with a case of the nature as the instant one, I am not inclined to go into the ethics of the responsibility to be followed by the advocate at the time of identification, but I am only supposed to see whether it discloses any criminal misconduct and criminal intention on the part of the advocate in identifying a false person. I find that the endorsement speaks for itself. He has identified only on the basis of the introduction made by the registered clerk of another colleague advocate. This endorsement appears to have been made in his own hand in order to help an applicant or a friend of the advocate to be released on bail. I do not think that any of the charges laid out in the complaint could be substantiated even after the evidence is recorded.

15. Under S. 200, Criminal P.C., when a complaint case is filed before the Court, ordinarily the Magistrate is required to examine the complainant and the witnesses present for the purpose of verification. However, according to the proviso to that section when a complaint is made by a public servant acting or purporting to act in the discharge of his official duties, then the Magistrate is not required to examine the complainant or the witnesses. The next stage before the trial Court is the procedure for taking cognizance of the case. Under S. 202 of the Code the Magistrate may either issue process to the accused if he is satisfied that there is a prima facie case to proceed or he may postpone the issue of process and enquire into the case himself or direct an investigation to be made by the police officer.

16. The other stage before the Magistrate trying the complaint case is under S. 203. Under this provision if after considering the statements on oath, if any, of the complainant and of the witnesses and the result of the enquiry of the investigation, if any, the Magistrate is of opinion that there is no sufficient ground for proceeding, he shall dismiss the complaint and in every such case he shall briefly record his reasons for so doing.

17. It is this stage which is important and this is a stage where the judicial mind is to be applied to the material placed before the Court at that stage. In the instant case, the statements recorded during the enquiry were already before the Court, so also the documents relied upon were also before the trial Court. It is at this stage that the applicant had made an application that the complaint against him is liable to be dismissed. However, the trial Court concluded that there is a prima facie case against both the accused and rejected the application. In my opinion, the trial Court has erred seriously in not applying its mind to these statements of the witnesses recorded during the enquiry as well as the documents on record. ,

18. I have already discussed in detail that there were only two allegations against the present applicant and both these allegations cannot be substantiated by any material collected during the enquiry.

19. No useful purpose will be served in proceedings with the complaint, recording the evidence and ultimately acquitting the accused-applicant. There is no basis for the allegation that the applicant-accused had identified a person falsely knowing that the person being identified was not that person and further there is no substance in the allegations that the accused-applicant tendered such false person before the clerk Shri Pawade for the purpose of identification. In my opinion, therefore, this is a fit case where inherent power can be invoked to interfere with the order passed by the trial Court to meet the ends of justice and to avoid the abuse of the process of law.

20. In the result, therefore, Criminal Application No. 380 of 1982 is allowed. The complaint case No. 115 of 1982 in so far as it relates to the applicant Brijendrakumar is dismissed and the applicant is discharged from the said proceedings. However, the said case shall proceed against the other accused Baban Ratnaparkhi. Records and original documents be sent back in sealed cover to the concerned Magistrate for further proceedings.

21. Order accordingly.